Professional Documents
Culture Documents
• Forerunner of behaviorism
www.cooperativeindividualism.org/ locke-john.jpg
18th Century
Age of Reason
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau
– children were noble savages, born with an
innate sense of morality; the timing of growth
should not be interfered with.
• Forerunner of ethology
20th Century
Theories about children's development
expanded around the world.
Figure 2.1
Erik Erikson
Psychosocial Theory
• Expanded on Freud's theories.
• Believed that development is
life-long.
• Emphasized that at each stage,
the child acquires attitudes and
skills resulting from the
successful negotiation of the
psychological conflict.
Life is a series of stages. Each individual must pass through each stage.
The way in which a person handles each of these stages affects the person’s
identity and self-concept. These psychosocial stages are:
Main points
• Development is primarily driven by
language, social context and adult
guidance.
What is Zone of Proximal Development?
• Ethologist,
known for his
research on
imprinting.
Attachment Theory
For example, a dancer can excel in his art only if he/she has
• strong musical intelligence to understand the rhythm and variations of the music
• bodily-kinesthetic intelligence to provide him with the agility and coordination to
complete the movements successfully
• interpersonal intelligence to understand how he can inspire or emotionally move his
audience through his movements
Maslow’s Theory
• Achieve full
potential
• Fulfillment