EFFECTIVE PERFORMANCE OF

WINDMILL TURBINE BLADE USING

FIBER COMPOSITES MATERIAL

Presented by :
 ABSTRACT
• The lower weight makes the wind turbines easier to assemble
and disassemble, and also improves their stability at sea.
• With low cost and high specific mechanical properties, natural
fiber represents a good renewable and biodegradable
alternative to the most common synthetic reinforcement, i.e.
glass fiber.
• By improving the design and materials used, we hope to
reduce the weight of the blades and thus increase their
service life.
• Despite the interest and environmental appeal of natural
fibers, there use is limited to non-bearing applications, due to
their lower strength compared with synthetic fiber reinforced
polymer composite.
 OBJECTIVE

• Our main objective of the project is reduced the weight

and cost of the Turbine fan blade.
• Mechanical properties such as Tensile properties ,Impact
strength when subjected to varying weights of fibers,
Brinnell hardness test, Wear test and Water Absorption
test were determined.
• Much effort has gone into increasing their mechanical
performance to extend the capabilities and applications
of this group of materials.
 LITERATURE REVIEW
• 1. Dr.Verma "Coir Fibre Reinforcement and Application
"Increasing concern about global warming and depleting
petroleum reserves have made scientists to focus more on the
use of natural fibres such as bagasse, coir, sisal, jute etc.
• 2. Temesgen Berhanu "Mechanical Behaviour of jute fibre"
Recently, Jute fibre is being used as a reinforcement material
in the development of reinforced plastics for various
engineering applications.
• 3. Meng Zhang "E-Glass Fibre Reinforced Composites in
Dental Applications" Fibre reinforced composites (FRCs) are
more and more widely applied in dentistry to substitute for
metallic restorations: periodontal splints, fixed partial
dentures, endodontic posts, orthodontic appliances, and
some other indirect restorations.
• 4. Prashanth Turla "Inter laminar Shear Strength of Carbon
Fibre and Glass Fibre Reinforce" Hybrid composite Materials
have extensive engineering application where strength to
weight ratio, low cost and ease of fabrication are required.
• 5. J.F. Mandell "effects of fibre waviness on composites for
wind turbine blades" Composite materials of interest for wind
turbine blades use relatively low cost fibres’, resins and
processes.
• 6.Kishore Debnat "Natural Fibre-Reinforced Polymer
Composites for Wind Turbine “Blade"A wide variety of
sources including wood, coal, coke, oil, natural gas and
nuclear materials have been used to generate energy.
 COMPOSITES
• A composite material is one in which two or more materials
that are different (structure, properties) are combined to form
a single structure with identifiable interfaces at multi-scales to
achieve properties that are superior to those of its
constituents.
 PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
• Several of the chemical used to produced plastic are
hazardous for human health and environment.
• These and their degradation product released during the
lifecycle of a plastic product.
 Problems in present material

More Weight
Cost high
Traditional petroleum-based non-
biodegradable
 Natural fiber composite material
Natural fibers such as
• sisal, coir, glass fiber flax, hemp, kenaf, bagasse, banana, jute,
abaca and bamboo, cotton, barley, wood, goat hair, mulbarry ,
are easily available and require low processing cost
Key structural design requirements
• The blade must be strong to resist the extreme load.
• The blade must resist the time varying loads through the
entire life blade.
• The blade construction needs to be as light as possible to
minimize the cost of generated power.
• The blade should be stiff and light to avoid resonance.
 Material requirement
• High material strength is needed to withstand the extreme
load.
• High fatigue strength is needed to resist varying loads and
reduce material degradation during service.
• High material stiffness is needed to maintain aerodynamic
shape of blade, to prevent collision with tower , and to
prevent local instability under compressive loads.
• Low density is needed to reduce gravity forces and to
minimize the cost of power.
 THERMOPLASTIC
• Most thermoplastics have a high molecular weight.
• The polymer chains associate through intermolecular forces,
which weaken rapidly with increased temperature, yielding a
viscous liquid.
• Thus, thermoplastics may be reshaped by heating and are
typically used to produce parts by various polymer processing
techniques such as injection moulding, compression
moulding, calendaring, and extrusion.
• Thermoplastics differ from thermosetting polymers, which
form irreversible chemical bonds during the curing process.
• Thermo sets do not melt, but decompose and do not reform
upon cooling.
COIR
• Decrease in fatigue life.
• Low density.
• High strength.
• Easley available
 GLASS FIBER
• The glass fibers are made of various types of glass
depending upon the fiberglass use.
• These glasses all contain silica .
• To be used in fiberglass, glass fibers have to be made
with very low levels of defects.
• Fiberglass is a strong lightweight material and is used
for many products.
• It is less brittle, and its raw materials are much
cheaper. Its bulk strength and weight are also better
than many metals.
• It can be more readily molded into complex shapes.
•Its arranged in unidirectional.
About 1,000 to 10,000.
Dia about 10 to 20 for glass
fiber.
For carbon fiber 5 to 10.
Stiffness.
SANDWICH ARRANGENMENT

• A :composite fiber.
• B :mat glass fiber.
• C :Glass fiber with
coir.
• D :composite.
• E :Glass fiber mat.
• F :Thermoplastic.
 PROPERTIES
Fiber Tensile Young’s Elongation at Density
strength(MPa) modulus(GPa) Break (%) (g/cm3)
Coir 175 4-6 30 1.20
Glass fiber 25 72 54 56
Jute 773 26.50 1.80 1.30
METHODOLOGY
 WEIGHT CALCULATION
• A 100m blade made entirely out of glass fibre could weigh up
to 50 metric tonnes [110,231 lb],“Its consider achieving a 20
to 30 percent weight savings glass fibre, that’s a weight
savings of 15 metric tonnes [33,069 lb]. Multiply that by three
and it can make a significant difference.
• Assuming that offshore continues in its positive direction and
costs remain under control, I wouldn’t be surprised to see 8-
MW to 10-MW turbines with 80m to 100m [263-ft to 328-ft]
long blades in the next three to five years,”
 PRICE COMPARISON
6

3 carbon fiber
glass fiber
2

0
price
DESING OF BLADE
 ADVANTAGES
• Low density.
• High specific strength and stiffness.
• Processed quickly.
• Fibers are a renewable resource, for which production
requires little energy.
• Fibers can be produced at lower cost than synthetic
fiber.
• Low hazard manufacturing processes.
• Low emission of toxic fumes when subjected to heat.
• Less abrasive damage to processing equipment
compared with that for synthetic fiber composites.
 APPLICATIONS
• Automotive
• Aviation
• Windmill
• Shipping industries
• In vehicles
• Visors
• Seating
• Insulation near the engine
 CONCLUSION
• While attention of academia and industry on materials
properties is largely focused on mechanics, wear
causes losses in industry at least not smaller than
fracture caused by mechanical deformation.
• The process of fabricating the reinforced polymer with
composite structure.
• In this work the natural fibre and synthetic fibber are
proposed to tested along with tribological properties.
• The part of natural fibres are listed with extraction of
fibre with fabrication of composite fibres by jute, coir,
hair and glass fibre.
THANK YOU