DRYING RATE AND TIME

Mass transfer operation-2

Prepared by:- Mayur Chaudhari

enroll no.(140990105007)
content
Drying time from drying rate data
example
Drying time from drying rate data
When,
X≥ 𝑋𝑐 → N=𝑁𝑐
X<𝑋𝑐 → N=N(x)
𝑊𝑠 𝑑𝑋
N= -
𝑎 𝑑𝑡
𝑡 𝑊𝑠 𝑥𝑓 𝑑𝑋
‫׬‬0 𝑑𝑡 = - 𝑎 ‫𝑁 𝑥׬‬
𝑖
𝑊𝑠 𝑥𝑖 𝑑𝑋
= ‫𝑁 𝑥׬‬
𝑎 𝑓
Conti….
𝑡 𝑊𝑠 𝑥𝑖 𝑑𝑋 𝑥𝑐 𝑑𝑋
‫׬‬0 𝑑𝑡 = ‫׬‬
𝑎 𝑥𝑐 𝑁
+ ‫𝑁 𝑥׬‬
𝑓
𝑊𝑠 (𝑥𝑖 −𝑥𝑐 ) 𝑊𝑠 𝑥𝑐 𝑑𝑋
= + ‫𝑁 𝑥׬‬
𝑎 𝑁 𝑎 𝑓

𝑊𝑠 (𝑥𝑖 −𝑥𝑐 ) 𝑥𝑐 𝑑𝑋
= + ‫𝑁 𝑥׬‬ ( 𝑁 = 𝑝 ∗ X + q)
𝑎 𝑁 𝑓

𝑊𝑠 (𝑥𝑖 −𝑥𝑐 ) 𝑥𝑐 𝑑𝑋
= + ‫∗𝑝 𝑥׬‬X+q
𝑎 𝑁 𝑓

𝑊𝑠 (𝑥𝑖 −𝑥𝑐 ) 1 𝑥𝑐 𝑝 𝑑𝑋
= + ‫׬‬
𝑎 𝑁 𝑝 𝑥𝑓 𝑝∗X+q
𝑊𝑠 (𝑥𝑖 −𝑥𝑐 ) 1 𝑝∗𝑋𝑐 +𝑞
= + ln
𝑎 𝑁 𝑝 𝑝∗𝑋𝑓 +𝑞
Conti…..
𝑡 𝑊𝑠 (𝑥𝑖 −𝑥𝑐 ) 𝑊𝑠 𝑁
‫׬‬0 𝑑𝑡 = + ln ( 𝑐 ) …………..(1)
𝑎 𝑁𝑐 𝑎 𝑁𝑓

When, X = 𝑋 ∗ → 𝑁 = 0
for N = p𝑋 ∗ + q
0 = p𝑋 ∗ + q
q = -p𝑋 ∗
For the ,
𝑁𝑐 𝑝∗𝑋𝑐 +𝑞 p𝑋𝑐 −𝑝𝑋 ∗ 𝑋𝑐 −𝑋 ∗
= = =
𝑁𝑓 𝑝∗𝑋𝑓 +𝑞 𝑝𝑋𝑓 −𝑝𝑋 ∗ 𝑋𝑓 −𝑋 ∗
𝑁𝑐 = 𝑝𝑋𝑐 + 𝑞 = 𝑝𝑋𝑐 + 𝑝𝑋 ∗
𝑁𝑐
∴𝑝=
𝑋𝑐 −𝑋 ∗
𝑋𝑐 −𝑋 ∗
∴𝑝=
𝑁𝑐
𝑡 𝑊𝑠 𝑥𝑖 −𝑥𝑐 𝑊𝑠 𝑋𝑐 −𝑋 ∗ 𝑋𝑐 −𝑋 ∗
t= ‫׬‬0 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑎 𝑁 + 𝑎 𝑁 ln(
𝑋𝑓 −𝑋 ∗
)
𝑐 𝑐

t= 𝑡𝑐 + 𝑡𝑝
Example
• A batch of wet solids is to be dried from 35% to 10% moisture under constant
drying condition in 5hrs.If equilibrium moisture is 4% and critical moisture is
14% estimate time require to dry solids to 6% moisture under same condition.
All moisture content are on wet basis.
0.14
 𝑋𝑐 = =0.162
1−0.14
0.04
𝑋 ∗ = = 0.041
1−0.04
0.35
𝑋𝑖 = =0.538
1−0.35
0.10
𝑋𝑓 = = 0.111
1−0.10
 𝑊𝑠 𝑥𝑖 −𝑥𝑐 𝑊𝑠 𝑋𝑐 −𝑋 ∗ 𝑋𝑐 −𝑋 ∗
∴t= + ln( )
𝑎 𝑁𝑐 𝑎 𝑁𝑐 𝑋𝑓 −𝑋 ∗

𝑊 ∗ 𝑋𝑐 −𝑋 ∗
∴5 = 𝑠 𝑋𝑖 − 𝑋𝑐 + (𝑋𝑐 − 𝑋 ) ln( )
𝑎𝑁𝑐 𝑋𝑓 −𝑋 ∗
𝑊𝑠 0.162−0.041
∴5= 0.538 − 0.162 + 0.162 − 0.041 ln( )
𝑎𝑁𝑐 0.111−0.041
𝑊𝑠 5
∴ = = 11.30 hrs
𝑎𝑁𝑐 0.442
0.06
→ 𝑋𝑓 = = 0.0638
1−0.06
 𝑊𝑠 0.162−0.041
∴𝑡= 0.538 − 0.162 + 0.162 − 0.041 ln( )
𝑎𝑁𝑐 0.0638−0.041

∴ t = 11.3 [ 0.376 + 0.20195]

∴t = 6.53 hrs