Physical science

Travelling cyclone
Tropical cyclone
 Tropical cyclone also called typhoon or hurricane, is an
intense circular storm that originates over warm tropical
oceans and is characterised by low atmospheric pressure,
high winds and heavy rains.
 Generate winds 119 km per hour, 240 km per hour and in
most extreme cases surpass 320 km per hour.
Anatomy of a cyclone
 320 km in diameter.
 Central region has low atmospheric pressure.
 Driven by low pressure core and by the rotation of earth
which deflects the path of the wind by a phenomenon known
as coriolis force.
 In Northern hemisphere cyclones rotate counter-clockwise.
 In Southern hemisphere cyclones rotate clockwise.
Tropical cyclone
Division of tropical cyclone

First region
 First is ring-shaped outer region, having an outer radius of
160 km (100 miles) and n inner radius of 30-50 km.
 In this region winds speed uniformly increases towards the
centre.
Second region
 Wind speed attain maximum speed at second region, the eye
wall.
Third region
 Eye wall surrounds interior region the eye, where wind speed
decrease rapidly and often it often calm.
Mid-latitude cyclone
 Mid latitude or frontal cyclones are larger travelling
atmospheric cyclonic storms up to 2000 km in diameter.
Formation
 By dynamic interaction of warm tropical and cold polar air
masses at the polar front.
 This interaction causes the warm air to be lifted vertically
upwards into the atm to interact with colder air.
Tropical Cyclone
Movement
 It is always in motion and travels 1200 km per day.
 Direction of movement is from west to eastwards.
 Winds blow counter-clockwise and inwards in northern
hemisphere and clockwise and inwards in southern
hemisphere.
Tropical Cyclone
Damage
 Less damage is caused by mid latitude cyclone than tropical
cyclones or hurricanes.
 Mid latitude cyclones can energy as strong as hurricanes but
this occurrence is rare.
 Frontal cyclones can be most disruptive during winters as it
produce heavy snowfall.
Tornados
 Tornados are violent storms that strike as a powerful rotating
mixture of wind and thunderstorm clouds, extending from the
clouds to the ground in funnel shape.
 Most destructive and most powerful atmospheric
phenomenon and common in USA.
Tornados
Characteristics
 Usually occurs during daytime from mid-afternoon till early
evening.
 Move from southwest to northeast
 It can cover an area of 300-400 yards and can travel at a
speed of about 5-60 mph.
 Sometimes moves in any direction but mostly in the direction
of thunderstorm.
Formation of tornados
Step 1
 Less heavy Warm air rises up and meets the colder and
heavier air above it.
Step 2
 Faster moving air begins to spin and roll over the slower wind
and then its gains pace and grow in size.
Step 3
 It is an horizontal, invisible wind spinning and rolling like a
cylinder. Powerful warmer, stronger air forces the spinning
winds vertically upward , causing an updraft.
Formation of tornados
Step 4
 Spinning air encounters more updraft and spins fasters,
vertically upwards, and gains more momentum.
Step 5
 Spinning winds create a vortex and the wind has enough to fuel
itself.
Step 6
 The tornado is fully formed now and moving in the direction of
thunderstorm winds. When pointed part of the tornado touched
the ground from the cloud and called touch down. As it moves it
rips off things along its patch.
Tornados
Hurricane katrina
 Hurricane Katrina
 2005 hurricane
 Hurricane Katrina was the eleventh named storm and fifth
hurricane of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season. It was the
costliest natural disaster, as well as one of the five deadliest
hurricanes, in the history of the United States. Wikipedia
 Highest wind speed: 280 km/h
 Lowest pressure: 902 mb
 Date: August 23, 2005 – August 31, 2005
 Category: Category 5 Hurricane (SSHS)
 Affected areas: Eastern North America, Ontario, Georgia,
more
Hurricane sandy

 Hurricane Sandy
 2012 hurricane
 Hurricane Sandy was the deadliest and most destructive
hurricane of the 2012 Atlantic hurricane season, and the
second-costliest hurricane in United States history. Wikipedia
 Total fatalities: 285
 Highest wind speed: 185 km/h
 Lowest pressure: 940 mb
 Date: October 22, 2012 – November 2, 2012
 Category: Category 3 Hurricane (SSHS)
 Affected areas: Greater Antilles, Eastern United States,
Bermuda, Bahamas, Eastern Canada