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Jayson Bonao
Norilyn Tumanlao
John Harris De Mesa
Geraldine Vicente
Shonalyn Pamplona
Michael Gapangada
What is Data Mart?
A data mart is a simple form of a data warehouse that is focused on a single subject
(or functional area) such as Sales, Finance or Marketing.
Data Marts are often built and controlled by a single department within an
organization
Given their single-subject focus, data marts are usually draw data from only a few
sources. The sources could be internal operational systems,
a central data warehouse or external data.
Difference Between
Data Warehouse and Data Mart
The main difference between dependent and independent data marts is how you
populate the data mart.
The ETL process for dependent data marts is mostly a process of identifying the
right subset of relevant to the chosen data mart subject and moving a copy of it,
perhaps in summarized form.
Dependent data marts are usually built to achieve improved performance and
availability, better control, and lower telecommunication costs
resulting from local access of data relevant to a specific
department.
Independent Data Mart
Independent data marts are standalone system built by drawing data directly from
operational or external sources of data, or both.
The number of sources is likely to be fewer and the amount of data associated with
the data mart is less than the warehouse, given your focus on a single subject.
The creation of independent data marts is often driven by the need to have a solution
within a shorter time.
Jayson Bonao
Data Cube
A data cube helps us represent data in multiple dimensions. It is defined by dimensions
and facts. The dimensions are the entities with respect to which an enterprise preserves
the records.
The data cube is used to represent data along some measure of interest. Even though
it is called a 'cube', it can be 1-dimensional, 2-dimensional, 3-dimensional, or higher-
dimensional. Every dimension represents a new measure whereas the cells in the
cube represent the facts of interest.
Suppose a company wants to keep track of sales records with the help of sales data
warehouse with respect to time, item, branch, and location. These dimensions allow
to keep track of monthly sales and at which branch the items were sold. There is a
table associated with each dimension. This table is known as
dimension table.
OLAP - Online Analytical Processing
is an approach to answering multi-dimensional analytical (MDA) queries swiftly in
computing.
OLAP is part of the broader category of business intelligence, which also encompasses
relational databases, report writing and data mining.
3) Slicing and dicing - is a feature whereby users can take out (slicing) a specific set of
data of the OLAP cube and view (dicing) the slices from different viewpoints.
Norilyn Tumanlao
Financials
Financial ratios express relationships between financial statement items. Although
they provide historical data, management can use ratios to identify internal
strengths and weaknesses, and estimate future financial performance. Investors
can use ratios to compare companies in the same industry.
Ratios are not generally meaningful as standalone numbers, but they are
meaningful when compared to historical data and industry averages.
Financial performance of the business
Liquidity Ratio
The most common liquidity ratio is the current ratio, which is the ratio of current assets to
current liabilities. This ratio indicates a company's ability to pay its short-term bills.
A ratio of greater than one is usually a minimum because anything less than one means the
company has more liabilities than assets. A high ratio indicates more of a safety cushion,
which increases flexibility because some of the inventory items and receivable balances may
not be easily convertible to cash. Companies can improve the
current ratio by paying down debt, converting short-term
debt into long-term debt, collecting its receivables
faster and buying inventory only when
necessary.
Solvency Ratio
Solvency ratios indicate financial stability because they measure a company's debt
relative to its assets and equity. A company with too much debt may not have the
flexibility to manage its cash flow if interest rates rise or if business conditions
deteriorate.
Profitability ratios indicate management's ability to convert sales dollars into profits
and cash flow. The common ratios are gross margin, operating margin and net income
margin.
The gross margin is the ratio of gross profits to sales. The gross profit is equal to
sales minus cost of goods sold.
The operating margin is the ratio of operating profits to sales and net income
margin is the ratio of net income to sales. The operating profit is equal
to the gross profit minus operating expenses.
Two common efficiency ratios are inventory turnover and receivables turnover.
Inventory turnover - is the ratio of cost of goods sold to inventory. A high inventory
turnover ratio means that the company is successful in converting its inventory into sales.
The receivables turnover ratio - is the ratio of credit sales to accounts receivable, which
tracks outstanding credit sales. A high accounts receivable turnover means that the
company is successful in collecting its outstanding credit
balances.
Evaluating Financial Performance
Ability to Meet Maturing Obligations
or more completely,
To know how efficiently we are using the firm’s assets (the balance sheet), we need two pieces of information:
1. A common-sized balance sheet to know the relative size of each asset in the
balance sheet
2. The turnover ratios that tell us specifically how we are
managing:
Accounts receivables: accounts receivable turnover
Inventories: inventory turnover
Fixed assets: fixed asset turnover
(sales ÷ net fixed assets)
How does the firm finance its assets?
The seller or the provider of the goods or services complete a sale in response to an
acquisition, appropriation, requisition or a direct interaction with the buyer at the
point of sale.
The seller, not the purchaser generally executes the sale and it may be completed prior
to the obligation of payment.
Contrary to popular belief, the methodological approach of selling refers to a
systematic process of repetitive and measurable milestones, by which a salesman
relates his or her offering of a product or service in return enabling the buyer to
achieve their goal in an economic way.
Selling has become more difficult in recent years due to changes in technology and
general access to prospects.
1) A hunter - is often associated with aggressive personalities who use aggressive sales
technique. In terms of sales methodology, a hunter refers to a person whose focus is
on bringing in and closing deals. This process is called "sales capturing".
2) A sales farmer is someone who creates sales demand through activities that directly
influence and alter the buying process.
Shonalyn Pamplona
Supply Chain Management
Effective supply chain management enables enterprises to track the movement of the
raw materials needed to create products, optimize inventory levels to reduce costs, and
synchronize supply with customer demand.
Supply chain management enables enterprises to maintain visibility over their logistics
to ensure availability of materials and delivery of products to customers.
First, to reduce costs across the supply chain, enterprises are moving manufacturing
operations to countries which offer lower labor costs, lower taxes, and/or lower costs of
transport for raw materials. For some companies, outsourcing production involves not only
a single country, but several countries for different parts of their products.
Social media is creating new pressures for consumers to conform while putting pressure
on enterprises to utilize these sources of information to respond to changing preferences
in order to stay interesting and relevant.
The fast-changing consumer market also brings with it supply chain management
challenges:
First, products have shorter life cycles due to rapidly
changing market demands. Enterprises are under
pressure to keep up with the latest trends and
innovate by introducing new products, while keeping
their total manufacturing costs low.
Second, aside from new products, companies also need to constantly update product
features. Enhancing product features requires enterprises to redesign their supply chain to
accommodate product changes.
Finally, innovation presents a challenge in forecasting demand for new products. The
constant innovation necessitated by fast-changing markets also means enterprises will
constantly have to anticipate demand for new products. Enterprises need to create and
maintain an agile supply chain that can respond well to spikes and dips in demand and
production needs.
Social media has not only raised consumers’ expectations of product quality, but
has also amplified the damages caused by product recalls.
2. Analytical or performance management technologies - CRM analysis the data created on the
operational side of the CRM effort for the purpose of business performance management and
improvement.
CRM Software - This is the backend of CRM systems which usually includes a
relational database for storing persistent information, a software applications for
handling business logics.
But managing the evolving tension between the company’s old and new
business structures and sharing and transferring resources among the solutions
units must be done carefully.
is about moving from the engagement level between seller and buyer to a
marriage commitment level, the seller develops such a deep understanding of
the customer that the customer sees the seller’s solution as the only viable
option for their needs, and is willing to pay a premium.
Why Vertical Solutions Marketing?
From the customer’s perspective, especially in the telecom networks environment,
there is clear value in having a single source of expertise that can provide an end-to-
end, fully reliable, fully integrated solution, that is also forward, backward and
horizontally compatible with its current and emerging technology standards.
From the seller’s perspective, as target customers are better satisfied and are willing
to pay a premium, a VSM approach has the potential to increase market share within
the target segments, and total revenues, profit margins and
customer loyalty, compared to the more traditional
approach.