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GEAR TOOTH THICKNESS MEASURMENT

USING GEAR TOOTH VERNIER CALLIPER

Presented by students of B. Tech. Year III


Section B
Roll No.s:-
163250 – Ravi
163251 - Rohit
163252 – Sagar
163253 - lokesh
Basic Terminology of a Gear
Terminology

Pitch Circle Diameter: It is the diameter of a circle which by pure rolling action
would produce the same motion on the toothed gear wheel.

Module : It is defined as the length of the pitch circle diameter per tooth.

Addendum circle: It is the outermost profile circle of a gear. Addendum is the


radial distance between the pitch circle and addendum circle.

Dedendum circle: It is the innermost profile circle. Dedendum is the radial


distance between the pitch circle and the dedendum circle.

Clearance: It is the radial distance from top of the tooth to the bottom of the tooth
space in the mating.
Terminology

Backlash:
It is the tangential space between teeth of mating gears at pitch circles.

Full depth:
It is sum of addendum and the dedendum.

Face width :
Face width is length of tooth parallel to axes.
Terminology

Circular pitch:
Circular pitch is space in pitch circle used by each teeth.

Gear Ratio:
Gear ratio is numbers of teeth larger gear to smaller gear.

Pressure line:
Pressure line is common normal at the point of contact of mating gears along which
the driving tooth exerts force on the driven tooth.
Terminology
Pitch angle:

Pitch angle is the angle captured by a tooth.

Pitch angle =360/T

Contact Ratio:

Contact ratio is the ratio of angle of action and pitch angle.


Terminology
Principle of measurement of tooth
thickness
 The tooth thickness is generally measured at pitch circle
and is therefore ,the pitch line thickness
 It is length of arc which is difficult to measure directly
 In most cases , it is sufficient to measure the chordal
thickness i.e, the chord joining the intersection of tooth
profile with pitch circle
 Also the difference between chordal tooth thickness and
circular tooth thickness is very small for gear of small pitch
 Gear tooth thickness varies from tip to the base circle of the
gear tooth , the instrument must be capable of measuring
the tooth thickness at any specified point on the tooth
Methods of measurement
 Gear tooth vernier calliper
 Constant chord method
 Base tangential method
 By dimension over pins
Gear Tooth
Vernier Calipers
MEASUREMENT BY GEAR TOOTH
VERNIER CALLIPER
 It’s very conveniently measured by a gear
tooth vernier caliper.
 The gear tooth vernier has two vernier
scales and they are set for the width (w) of
the tooth and the depth (d) from the top.
 Each of which is adjusted independently
by adjusting screw on graduated bars.
 It measures the tooth thickness at the pitch
line.
 It can also measure chordal addendum,
the distance from top to chord.
 Only used to verify the theoretical
measurements.
Procedure
1. Count the number of teeth (N) on the gear.
2. Measure the outer diameter (D’) of the gear.
3. Calculate the module from the below relation:

Module (m) = D/N, where

N = Number of teeth, D = Pitch Circle Diameter

D = (N*D’)/(N+2) (or) m = D’/(N+2)


Procedure

4. Calculate the value of chordal addendum (d) from the below equation:

5. Set the gear tooth vernier calliper for depth ‘d’ and measure ‘w’ i.e.,
chordal thickness of tooth.
Procedure

6. Repeat the measurement on other teeth and determine an average


value.

7. Compare the actual value with the theoretical value obtained from the
below formula:

Chordal thickness:
W=N.M sin (90/N)
Advantages and limitations
 This method is simple and inexpensive.
 However it needs different setting for a variation in number of teeth for a
given pitch.
 Accuracy is limited by the least count of instrument.
 The wear during use is concentrated on the two jaws.
 The caliper has to be calibrated at regular intervals to maintain the
accuracy of measurement

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