Infectious/Non-Infectious

Disease
 Non-Infectious Disease (Ch. 23)
 A non-communicable disease (NCD) Disease which is non-
infections and non-transmissible among people. Not
transmitted by mean of a pathogen (disease causing
agent).
- NCD may be chronic disease of long duration and slow
progression or may result in more rapid death.
 Ex. – Cancer, Heart Disease, Asthma, Diabetes, Stroke, etc.
3 Categories of Non-Infectious
Diseases

Genetic
 Sex/Gender
 Familial Disease Tendency
3 Categories of Non-Infectious
Diseases
Lifestyle
 High Fat Diet
 Lack of Sleep
 Smoking/Smokeless Tobacco
 Stress
 Exposure to Sun
 Lack of Exercise
 Poor Nutrition
3 Categories of Non-Infectious
Diseases
Environment
 Polluted Air and Water
 Harmful Substances in Food
 Exposure to Sun
 Injury/Accident
Infectious Diseases
 Infectious Disease: A disease caused by
organisms- such as bacteria, viruses, fungi
or parasite. Many live in and on our
bodies. They’re normally harmless or even
helpful, but some organisms may cause
disease.
 Pathogens: microorganisms and viruses
that cause diseases
 Enter your body and multiply making you
sick
 4 types:
 Bacterial
 Viral
 Fungal
 Protozoan
 Bacterial
 Air, soil, food, in and on the
bodies of plants and animals
 Some give off toxins or a
poison that could grow on the
food (food poisoning)
 Ex: strep throat
 Viral
 100 times smaller than
bacteria
 A virus can multiply only
after entering a living
cell
 Ex: common cold
 Fungal
 Yeast, molds, and
mushrooms are known
as fungi
 Grows in warm, dark,
moist areas.
 Ex: athletes foot
 Protozoans
 Single-celled organisms
that are much larger than
bacteria
 Can move through fluids to
search for food
 Ex: Malaria (infects red
blood cells causing
weakness and nausea)
How Pathogens Are Spread
 Infected people
 Shaking hands
 Indirect contact like coughs or
sneezing
 Infected Animals
 Objects
 Doorknobs, eating utensils,
towels, cups
 Food, Soil, or Water
 Salmonella found in poultry and
eggs
 E. coli found in beef
 Drinking water that is
contaminated by sewage