The earth’s water

supply
 About 25 percent of the earth’s surface
consists of land, but 75 percent is accounted
by water which can be broken down into 70
percent of oceans and seas and 5 percent of
inland waters like lakes and rivers.

 Water is an absolute necessity of the human

body that without it one would die.

 Water causes rocks to decay and

disintegrate into smaller pieces by entering
their crevices and pores. And moving water
can erode or wear away rocks.
The hydrologic/water cycle:
 The uses of
water
The uses to which human beings put this
precious substance may be classified as
follows:
 DOMESTIC
 INDUSTRIAL
 IRRIGATION
 POWER
 TRANSPORTATION
 FOODSTUFFS & RAW MATERIALS
 RECREATION
DOMESTIC USE - is meant the use of water in
the home for drinking, cooking, washing,
bathing, watering plants and the like.

INDUSTRIAL USE - the demand by industries

for water far exceeds that of domestic
requirements. Manufacturing firms use water
in three ways:
a.) as ingredient of the finished product or as
the product itself as in the case of ice or
distilled water
b.) as agent for cooling, removing impurities,
preparing solution, producing steam, and the
like
c.) removing and diluting industrial waste like
flushing sewage.
IRRIGATION - irrigation means the use of
water to improve the growth of crops for the
production of food, clothing, shelter and
other needs of man. Irrigation is resorted to
in dry regions or those which experience
drought periods. The big dams that have been
built to provide rice fields with irrigation
water are:
 Binga-ambuklao dam (mountain province &
cordillera mountains)
 Pantabangan dam (central luzon)
 Lake lanao-agus river project (mindanao)
 Angat dam (bulacan)
 Magat dam (isabela)
POWER – in rural areas, water is still used
to produce power, specifically,
hydroelectric power.
Water is needed to run a hydroelectric
power-generating unit. The water is held
behind a dam, forming an artificial lake. The
force of the water being released from the
artificial lake through the dam spins the
blades of a giant turbine. The generator
transforms water into electric energy.

TRANSPORTATION - today, water

transportation is the cheapest means of
transporting people and goods. The oceans,
seas, rivers and canals have become more
popular than other forms of transportation.
FOODSTUFFS & RAW MATERIALS - the earth’s
waters, both salty and fresh, teem with
foodstuffs and raw materials for man’s
industries. From the salty oceans, seas and
lakes, man gets food such as fish, shellfish,
seaweeds, meat and salt. Fresh water bodies
also provide man with fish, shellfish, other
animal products and plants.

RECREATION - water sports and recreational

activities are among the most popular forms of
recreation indulged in by man and these are
provided by seas, bays, lakes, ponds, rivers,
streams, waterfalls and springs.
Water activities like boating, fishing,
swimming, water skiing, scuba diving, sailing,
surfing, and the like are all provided by
water. to others, just the sight of the beauty
and tranquillity of water bodies or by
merely strolling along the water’s edge
gives them pleasure.