Chapter 12

Schizophrenia and Other

Psychotic Disorders
Abnormal Psychology
Robin Rosenberg and Stephen Kosslyn
Schizophrenia Facts in Detail - Prevalence
 Worldwide, approximately 1% of the population will develop
schizophrenia

 It is one of the top 5 causes of disability among young adults

 In the U.S.:
 About 5% of people with schizophrenia are homeless, 5% are
in hospitals, and 6% are in jail or in prison
 This represents about 16% of those with schizophrenia
 34% live independently
Schizophrenia Facts in Detail - Comorbidity

 Over 90 % of those with schizophrenia also suffer from at least

one other disorder

 Most common are substance-related disorders, mood disorders,

and anxiety disorders
 Approximately 80% also have a mood disorder
 Most commonly depression
 Up to 60% have a substance abuse problem other than tobacco
 90% smoke cigarettes, inhaling more deeply than other smokers
 May be a form of self-medication
Schizophrenia Facts in Detail -
Comorbidity
 Many of those who develop schizophrenia abused drugs years
before positive symptoms emerged, notably:
 Cigarettes, marijuana, amphetamines, PCP, mescaline, and
LSD

 Frequent use of marijuana associated with subsequent

schizophrenia
 Aggravates symptoms and contributes to relapses

 Researchers have not determined schizophrenia is caused by

drug use
Schizophrenia Facts in Detail - Course
 Premorbid phase
 May appear odd or eccentric and have difficulty interacting with other
people appropriately
 Prodromal phase
 Precedes the onset of a psychological disorder when symptoms do not
yet meet all the criteria
 Signs of suspiciousness, some disorganized thinking or behavior,
poor hygiene, angry outbursts, and social withdrawal
 Active phase
 Individual exhibits symptoms that meet all the criteria for the disorder
 Also referred to as an episode of schizophrenia or psychotic episode
 Symptoms become full-blown
 Positive symptoms lead to diagnosis
10-Year and 30-Year Course of Schizophrenia
Factors Associated With a Better Prognosis
for Person With Schizophrenia
Degree of Relatedness and Risk of Developing
Schizophrenia
Treating Schizophrenia
 Progression of treatment
 Step 1: When actively psychotic, reduce positive symptoms

 Step 2: Reduce negative symptoms

 Step 3: Improve neurocognitive function

 Step 4: Reduce disability and increase ability to function

 Step 4 is most difficult

Deinstitutionalization
 ADULTS (25 MINUTES):
 http://www.choicesinrecovery.com/about/docume
ntary
 CHILDREN JANI :
 http://www.discoveryfitandhealth.com/tv-
shows/psych-week/videos/born-schizophrenic-
janis-world.htm (2:51)
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QpH15-
NoFwI (6:59)
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nL_OTM7I3
C0 (4:59)