TOPIC:-

BEAM ANALYSIS:-
1. BRIEF DEFINITION ABOUT
BEAM:-
• A beam is a structural member used for
bearing loads basically vertical loads,lateral
loads,shear force and bending moment.
• A beam may be classified into following
Sub Categorees:-
 SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM:-
A beam whose ends are free to rotate and have no
moment resistance.
 FIXED BEAM:
A beam is said to be fixed when its both ends
remains restrained from rotation.

As you can see clearly from the figure that how a

fixed beam gets B.M.D. and S.F.D.
 OVER HANGING BEAM:-
A beam is said to be an overhanging beam if it is
exceeding beyond its one support on one end.
The concept of OVER HANGING BEAM will be more
clear from the figure.

ROLLER SUPPORT AFTER WHICH THE

OVEHANGING PORTION OF THE BEAM BEGINS..
• CANTILEVER BEAM:-
A beam is said to be a cantilever beam if its fixed at
one end only.
In the eg. case we can understand easily with one
end of the cantilever beam is fixed and on the other
end a load P is acting.

L=Length of the beam.

P=Load applied on other end.
DETERMINE THE LOADS:-
The first step in the structural analysis of a beam is
determining the amount of load.
Basically the loads are categorized on 2 basis:-
1. Dead Load = Temporary Loads (i.e. loads from
snow, wind, vehicles, etc.).
2. Live Load= Permanent Loads (i.e. loads from
building materials, furniture, etc.).
CALCULATING THE STRESS:-
There are two types of stresses that are typically
calculated when performing a beam design: Bending
Stress and Shear Stress.
 Once all the information has been tabulated the
following equations can be used to determine the
nominal maximum bending stress and nominal
maximum shear stress.

COMPARING ACTUAL STRESS AGAINST

ALLOWABLE STRESS:-
Once the allowable stresses have been located
determining the adequacy of a beam is simply a
matter of comparing the actual stresses to the
allowable stresses. So, a beam is adequate if the
following is true:

From the below figure we can know that how do

bending in the beam occurs with the actions of
loads.
different amt. of loads acting
on a beam results into deflection
3. Fundamental Principles of
Equilibrium:-
The sum of all vertical forces acting on a
body must equal zero.

The sum of all horizontal forces acting

 Fx  0 on a body must equal zero.

The sum of all moments (about any

 Mp  0 point) acting on a body must equal zero.
 4. Static Equilibrium:-
An object is said to be in static equilibrium if it is
unable to move because all the forces acting on
it which compensate one another.
Eg:-Design of countless rigid structure(floor
system of an house to enormous suspension
bridge).
IN THE FIGURE WE CAN SEE HOW ON ANY
OBJECT REACTING
FORCES ACTING
OPPOSITE
TO EACH OTHER..
5. Static Equilibrium Condition In
Beam:-
i. The loads (forces) applied to the beam (from the
external forces) is been resisted by the resisting
forces present at the beam supports.
ii. The resisting forces are called the reaction
forces (F&M)..
FREACTING FORCES ; MREACTING
MOMENT
i. We can easily determine from the figure that
how the loading acts into any beam to the
Applied Load
reacting forces.
Reaction Reaction
Force Force
6. Beam Supports:-
The given supports used into any building design
depending upon the type of construction work.
7. Moment:-
i. A moment is created when a force tends to
rotate an object.
ii. The magnitude of the moment is equal to the
force times the perpendicular distance to the
force (moment arm).

M  F  d F

M
 d  moment arm
 THANK YOU…
SUBMITTED TO:-
MR. ANKIT SIR.

SUBMITTED BY:-
SUYASH PRAKASH SRIVASTAVA.