Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2009
ISTORIC
• Descrierea hipertiroidismului
– Parry (1786),
– Flajani (1808),
– Graves (1835),
– Basedow (1840),
– Moebius (1886),
– Plummer (1913 – adenomul toxic),
– Adams, Purves, Mc Kenzie (1956 –
imunoglobuline tirostimulante – LATS)
DEFINITIE
• Excesul de hormoni tiroidieni (T3 si T4)
la nivel tisular .
HIPERTIROIDIE ????
TIREOTOXICOZA ?????
SIMPTOMATOLOGIA CLINICA
.
ETIOLOGIE
• EXCES DE TSH SAU FACTORI CU
ACTIUNE TIREOTROPA
1. Adenom hipofizar secretant de TSH
2. Tumori secretante de hCG
3. TSAb
ETIOLOGIE
• SECRETIE AUTONOMA TIROIDIANA
1. Adenom toxic unic
2. Gusa multinodulara toxica
3. Cancerul tiroidian folicular
4. Hipertiroidism familial autozomal
ETIOLOGIE
• DISTRUCTIE TIROIDIANA SI
ELIBERARE DE HORMONI
1. Tiroiditele acute si subacute
2. Tiroidita cronica autoimuna
3. Dupa iradierea tiroidiana
4. Dupa punctia cu ac subtire
ETIOLOGIE
• NATURA EXOGENA
1. Hipertiroidia (tirotoxicoza) factice.
2. Iod- Basedow.
• NATURA ENDOGENA ECTOPICA
1. Struma ovarii
2. Metastazele functionale de cancer
tiroidian
.
HIPO VERSUS HIPER
.
BOALA GRAVES BASEDOW
SIMPTOME
.
.
.
.
.
.
DIAGNOSTIC
.
DIAGNOSTIC
.
ULTRASONOGRAFIA
TIROIDIANA
DIAGNOSTIC
DERIVATI DE IMIDAZOLE
tratament
• 3-methyl-1H-imidazole-2-thione
• Synonyms: Methimazole, Thiamazole,
Mercazolyl, Mercazole, Tapazole,
Mercaptazole, Merkazolil, Methimazol,
Metothyrin, Metothyrine, Thymidazol,
Thymidazole, Strumazol, Thiamazol.
DERIVATI DE TIOUREE
tratament
• 6-propyl-2-sulfanyl-pyrimidin-4-one
(C7H10N2OS)
• Synonyms: Propiltiouracil, Propil.
MECANISM DE ACTIUNE ATS
.
TRATAMENT
.
TRATAMENT
• Iod radioactiv (Iod 131)
radioiodoterapie
edem,
ulcer cornean
Hiperemie AV scazuta
conjunctivala 5/10
proptosis
Orbitopatie basedowiana
Class Definition
0 No phisical signs and symptoms
1 Only signs, no symptoms
(upper lid retraction, stare, proptosis to 22 cm)
• Hipertiroidia severa
• tiroidectomie in trimestrul 2
HIPERTIROIDISMUL SI
SARCINA
.
HIPERTIROIDISMUL NEO-
NATAL
Cele mai frecvente forme sunt tranzitorii
prin pasajul transplacentar al Anti TSH
Ab.
• Incidenta 1: 50 000 nou-nascuti.
• Debut la 7 zile pp.
HIPERTIROIDISMUL NEO-
NATAL
• Semne clinice : tahicardie, iritabilitate,
crestere dificila in greutate,
exoftalmie, gusa, hepato-
splenomegalie, icter prelungit,
tulburari de ritm, insuficienta cardiaca.
• Mortalitate 20%
CRIZA TIREOTOXICA
• Sindrom foarte rar caracterizat prin:
1. Hipermetabolism
2. Alterarea statusului mental
3. Multiple disfunctii sistemice
CRIZA TIREOTOXICA
• Frecventa 1-2% din totalul
tirotoxicozelor spitalizate
• Mortalitate 20-50 %
Factori favorizanti:
- Sex feminin
- Virsta tinara
- Stress major
- Boala tiroidiana nediagnosticata
CRIZA TIREOTOXICA
Factori determinanti
• Boala Graves- Basedow
• GMNT
• Adenom toxic
• Palparea viguroasa a tiroidei
CRIZA TIREOTOXICA
Factori precipitanti
• Infectii
• Traumatisme
• Cetoacidoza diabetica
• Embolie pulmonara
• Toxemia gravidica
• Travaliul
• Intreruperea tratamentului cu ATS
• Tratament cu I131
• Chirurgie tiroidiana sau netiroidiana
CRIZA TIREOTOXICA
.
CRIZA TIREOTOXICA
Semne clinice
• Hipertermia asociata cu termofobie si
diaforeza
• Manifestari neuro-psihice (encefalopatia
tireotoxica)
• Manifestari cardio-vasculare (tahicardie,
aritmii, insuficienta cardiaca)
• Modificari gastro-intestinale (dureri
abdominale, greturi, varsaturi, diaree, icter)
CRIZA TIREOTOXICA
.
CRIZA TIREOTOXICA
Teste specifice :
T3 si T4
fT3 si fT4
Echografie tiroidiana
Teste nespecifice: hiperglicemie,
hipercalcemie, leucocitoza, teste
hepatice modificate, azotemie.
CRIZA TIREOTOXICA
Diagnostic diferential :
• Hiperpirexia
• Afectiuni digestive acute
• Feocromocitom
• Come de alta etiologie
• Psihoze
CRIZA TIREOTOXICA
ATS
Ioduri
Obiectivele tratamentului: LI