Compressed Air Engine

Presented By :- MD. SHAHID ANSARI

Roll :- 228/18
Brief Recapitulation
What is an engine?
 An engine or motor is a machine designed to
convert energy into useful mechanical motion.
 Heat engines, including internal combustion
engines (such as steam engines) burn a fuel to
create heat, which then creates motion.
 Electric motors convert electrical energy into
mechanical motion, pneumatic motors use
compressed air and others, such as clockwork
motors in wind-up toys, use elastic energy.
Types of Engines

Engines

Combustion Non-combutive
engines engines

Internal External
Physically
combustion combustion Electric motor
powered motor
engine engine

Pneumatic
motor

Hydraulic motor
 History
 The pneumatic motor was first applied to the
field of transportation in the mid-19th century.
 Frenchmen Andraud and Tessie of Motay ran a
car powered by a pneumatic motor on a test
track in Chaillot, France, on July 9, 1840.
 An air powered car is a car that uses an engine
powered by compressed air.
 The car can be powered solely by air(or cc
vehicle) with gasoline, diesel and ethanol.
The first compressed air vehicle
Problems associated with the use of IC
engines
 Use of gasoline results in pollution and damage to
the environment.
 The emission of CO2 also results in Global
warming.
 The fossil fuels are present in limited quantity and
are deplecting at a very fast pace.
 Cost of petroleum products is increasing by leaps
and bounds.
 High maintenance cost involved.
 Complexity of design.
 COMPRESSED AIR ENGINE
A compressed air engine is a type of motor which does
mechanical work by expanding compressed air.
A compressed air engine generally convert the compressed air
energy to mechanical work through either linear or rotary
motion.
Linear motion can come from either a diaphragm or piston
actuator, while rotary motion is supplied by either a vane type
air motor or piston air motor.
 Recent Developments
Energine
 The Energine Corporation was a South
Korean company that claimed to deliver
fully assembled cars running on a hybrid
compressed air and electric engine.
 The compressed-air engine is used to
activate an alternator, which extends
the operating capacity of the car.
Rotary engine
Air car by Enginaire company
MDI (Motor Development International)
In the original Negre air engine, one piston
compresses air from the atmosphere to mix
with the stored compressed air (which will
cool drastically as it expands).
This mixture drives the second piston,
providing the actual engine power.
MDI’s engine works with constant torque,
and the only way to change the torque to the
wheels is to use the pulley transmission of
constant variation, losing some efficiency.
Guy Negre presenting the air car-AIRPOD
Benefits

1. Technical benefits:

 The temperature of the engine while working

will be slightly less than the ambient
temperature.
 Smooth working of the engine due to very
less wear and tear of the components.
 There is no possibility of knocking.
 No need of cooling systems and spark plugs or
Complex fuel injection systems.
2. Economic benefits:

 Reduces the cost of vehicle production by

about 20% as no need to build a cooling
system, fuel tank, ignition systems or silencers.
 Compressors use electricity for generating
compressed air which is relatively much
cheaper and widespread.
 Smooth working will lead to less wear and tear,
so lesser maintenance cost.
 Major Technical Limitations
1. When air expands it cools dramatically and must be
heated to ambient temperature using a heat
exchanger similar to the intercooler used for internal
combustion engines.
 The heating is necessary in order to obtain a significant
fraction of the theoretical energy output.
 The heat exchanger can be problematic.
 While it performs a similar task to the intercooler the
temperature difference between the incoming air and
the working gas is smaller.
Major Technical Limitations (contd.)
 In heating the stored air, the device gets very
cold and may ice up in cool, moist climates.
2. Tanks get very hot when filled rapidly.
3. Limited capacity of storage tanks.
4. Limited range (140-150 km).
Conclusion
 Despite some faults, air cars can soon
be very real method of transportation.
 Almost completely sustainable.
 Cheaper than most conventional cars.
 Can improve air quality considerably.
 Can reduce greenhouse gas emissions
considerably.
References
 The TextBook of Theory of Machine by R.S. Khurmi
 J.B. Park & R.S. Lakes, “Pneumatic motor”, 2ndEd.,
Plenum
 Sullivan, M. World’s First Air-Powered Car: Zero
Emission by Next Summer, Popular Mechanics
http://www.popularmechanics.
 Russell C. The Air Car become a Reality.
http://cambrown.wordpress.com/the-air-car-
become-a-reality
 Motor Development International (MDI)
 Wikipedia
 YouTube
THANK YOU