3 PHASE HALF WAVE

CONTROLLED RECTIFIER
Roll no.1608026
INTRODUCTION AND BASICS
Thyristor
• A thyristor is a solid-state semiconductor device with four layers of
alternating P- and N-type materials. It acts exclusively as a
bistable{output has two stable states to which it is directed by the
input signal or signals. It is more usually known as a flip-flop} switch,
conducting when the gate receives a current trigger, and continuing to
conduct until the voltage across the device is reversed biased, or until
the voltage is removed.
What is the use of a thyristor in a circuit?

• When the thyristor is turned fully “ON” (conducting) allowing full

load circuit current to flow through the device in the forward direction
and back to the battery supply. One of the main advantages of using a
thyristor as a switch in a DC circuit is that it has a very high current
gain. Safe operating area.
***A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating
current(AC),
• which periodically reverses direction, to direct current
(DC), which flows in only one direction.
 Ordinary Rectification Controlled Rectification

• Ordinary rectification is done by • Controlled rectification is done by

diodes thyristors
• Diode rectifiers produce fixed output • Controlled rectifiers produce
voltage only. controlled output voltages. output
voltage can be varied by controlling
delay or firing angle of thyristors.

• In diode rectification, diode • In controlled rectification, thyristor

conduction angle = 180 degrees conduction angle can be controlled by
firing angle.
• WORKING PRINCIPLE
• The circuit consist of a delta star transformer and 3 thyristors T1, T2, T3 which are
connected on the secondary star connected winding and an RL load.
• When Va is positive, T1 becomes forward biased and conducts. During the
negative cycle of Va, the current through T1 is not zero due to inductor present in
the load. So T1 will remain ON during the negative cycle of Va .
• When Vb is positive, T2 is triggered and the load current gets transferred from T1
to T2. At this instant, T1 turn OFF. During the negative cycle of Vb, the current
through T2 is not zero due to inductor present in the load. So T2 will remain 0N
during the negative cycle of Vb.
• When T3 is triggered during positive cycle of Vc, the load current is transferred
from T2 to T3. At this instant, T2 turns OFF. Similarly T3 conducts during the
negative cycle of Vc and turns OFF when T1 is triggered.
• The average output voltage cart be varied by varying the firing angles of the
thyristors.
• The waveform shows the output voltage for various firing angle.
• In the waveform, Va is denoted as Van, Vb as Vbn, Vc as Vcn.
APPLICATIONS
• The three phase full converter is extensively used in industrial power
applications up to about 120kW output power level.

• DC MOTOR drive for smooth control of drive.

• HVDC TRANSMISSION LINE