HIPERTENSI

NOVIYANTER SIAHAYA
PENGERTIAN

SISTOLIK : ≥140 mmHg

Dan / atau

DIASTOLIK : ≥90 mmHg

Pada 2 kali pengukuran dengan selang waktu 5 menit dalam keadaan

cukup istirahat/tenang
KLASIFIKASI
Berdasarkan penyebabnya:
• Primer/Esensial
• Sekunder / non esensial

Berdasarkan bentuk hipertensi:

• Hipertension dIiastolik
• Hipertensi campuran
• Hipertensi sistolik
PATOFISIOLOGI

Ekskresi natrium ginjal Peningkatan resistensi

yang menurun vaskuler

HIPERTENSI

Faktor genetik: Faktor Lingkungan: stress,

Polimorfisme obes, merokok, inaktivitas,
angiotensinogen dan konsumsi garam
reseptor angiotensin II berlebihan
ESC/ESH 2013: Possible combinations of
classes of antihypertensive drugs

Green continuous lines: preferred combinations;

Green dashed line: useful combination (with some limitations);
Black dashed lines: possible but less well-tested combinations;
Red continuous line: not recommended combination. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines 6
Algorithm for Treatment of
Hypertension
Lifestyle Modifications

Not at Goal Blood Pressure (<140/90 mmHg)

(<130/80 mmHg for those with diabetes or chronic kidney disease)

Initial Drug Choices

Without Compelling With Compelling

Indications Indications

Stage 1 Hypertension Stage 2 Hypertension Drug(s) for the compelling

(SBP 140–159 or DBP 90–99 mmHg) (SBP >160 or DBP >100 mmHg) indications
Thiazide-type diuretics for most. 2-drug combination for most (usually Other antihypertensive drugs (diuretics,
May consider ACEI, ARB, BB, CCB, thiazide-type diuretic and ACEI, ARB, BB, CCB)
or combination. ACEI, or ARB, or BB, or CCB) as needed.

Not at Goal
Blood Pressure

Optimize dosages or add additional drugs

until goal blood pressure is achieved.
Consider consultation with hypertension specialist.