Professional Documents
Culture Documents
- LAB 2 -
Therefore, to stain all cells and cell parts well, the pH of the
phosphate buffer is critical .
CAUSES & CORRECTION
Too Acid Stain:
1. insufficient staining time
2. prolonged buffering or washing
3. old stain
Correction:
1) lengthen staining time
2) check stain and buffer pH
3) shorten buffering or wash time
Too Alkaline Stain:
1. thick blood smear
2. prolonged staining
3. insufficient washing
4. alkaline pH of stain components
Correction :
1) check pH
2) shorten stain time
3) prolong buffering time
TOO ACIDIC SUITABLE TOO BASIC
Performing A Manual Differential And
Assessing RBC Morphology
Introduction
Platelet ( Thrompocytes)
• Nucleus: No nucleus.
• Cytoplasm: small amount bluish cytoplasm &
contains reddish – purple granules
White Blood Cells
White blood cells, or leukocytes, are classified into two
main groups; granulocytes and non granulocytes (also
known as agranulocytes).
The granulocytes, which include neutrophils,
eosinophils, and basophils, have granules in their cell
cytoplasm. Neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils also
have a multilobed nucleus. As a result they are also called
polymorphonuclear leukocytes or "polys." The nuclei of
neutrophils also appear to be segmented, so they may also
be called segmented neutrophils or "segs."
The nongranulocytes white blood cells, lymphocytes
and monocytes, do not have granules and have nonlobular
nuclei. They are sometimes referred to as mononuclear
leukocytes.
Leukocytosis
Leukocytosis, a WBC above 10,000 is usually
due to an increase in one of the five types of
white blood cells and is given the name of the
cell that shows the primary increase.
Diameter:12-16
Cytoplasm : pink
Granules: primary,
secondary
Nucleus: dark purple
blue
dense chromatin
Segmented Neutrophil
Diameter: 12-16
Cytoplasm : pink
Granules: primary,
secondary
Nucleus: dark purple blue,
dense chromatin, 2-5
lobes.
1. Neutrophils
Neutrophils are so named because they are
not well stained by either eosin, a red acidic
stain, or by methylene blue, a basic or
alkaline stain.
Neutrophils are also known as "segs",
"PMNs" or "polys" (polymorphonuclear).
They are the body's primary defense against
bacterial infection.
Increased neutrophils count (neutrophilia)
1. Acute bacterial infection.
2. Granulocytic leukemia.
Diameter: 14-16
Cytoplasm : full of granules
Granules: large refractile
orange-red.
Nucleus: blue, dense
chromatin, 2 lobes like a
pair of glass.
The most common reasons for an
increase in the eosinophil count are :
1. Allergic reactions such as hay fever, asthma,
or drug hypersensitivity.
2. Parasitic infection
3. Eosinophilic leukemia
3. Basophil
Diameter: 14-16
Cytoplasm : pink
Granules: dark blue –black
obscure nucleus
Nucleus: blue