Refrigeration&Air Conditioning

Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004
National Institute of Science & Technology
Technical Seminar
on
Refrigeration & Air Conditioning
Presented by
Manmatha Kumar Giri
EE200113363
Under the Guidance of

Mr. Debashisha Jena
Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [1]

INTRODUCTION
• The electrical energy is utilized by
converting it into one form or other for
getting suitable output from it.
• The utilization electrical energy for the
refrigeration and air conditioning is fast
replacing the old methods.

WHAT IS REFRIGERATION &

AIR CONDITIONING ?
• The process of reducing the temperature of a body
from the general level of temperature of surroundings
is called refrigeration.
• Air-conditioning means control of
temperature,humidity,purity and movement of air.
• The working conditions and comfort for human
beings is improved by air-conditioning.
• The temperature is brought down during summer and
increased during winter without causing any discount.

REFRIGERATOR
• This is the machine by which the

temperature of substances is lowered by
storing them in this machine.

PRINCIPLE
• A refrigerator works on
the principle of cooling
caused by evaporation.
• when we dip our finger
in petrol or spirit,and the
finger is taken out
cooling is felt. This is
because when petrol or
spirit evaporates it draws
heat from the finger thus
cooling it.

REFRIGERANT
• The refrigerant is generally a gas which

circulated through different stages to extract
the heat from the substances.
• The various refrigerants used are carbon
dioxide(CO2),sulphur
dioxide(SO2),ammonia(NH3),Freon(F-12)
and methyl chloride etc.

VAPOUR COMPRESSION CYCLE

• The main purpose of vapour
compression cycle is to remove
heat from the refrigerant by
putting it into a stage for reuse.
• The various stages are
1.compression
2.condension
3.expansion
4.evaporation

APPLICATION
• The vapour compression refrigeration cycle is
employed for the following purposes
– Domestic refrigerator,
– Water cooler,
– Air conditioner,
– Ice plant,
– cold storage etc.

DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR
• The actual lay out of domestic refrigerator
is shown in figure below.

ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT OF
REFRIGERATOR
• The main parts of the electrical
circuit are shown in figure
below
• The various parts are
1. motor compressor unit
2. starting relay
3. thermostat
4. overload protector
5. cabinet light
6. drier assembly.

MOTOR COMPERESSOR UNIT

• The motor is a single phase capacitor start
motor.
• The actual capacity of the motor depends upon
the size of the refrigerator.
• But generally the horsepower of motors varies
from 7/32 H.P. to 1/8 H.P.
• Mostly the motor and compressor are in one unit
and is known a sealed unit.

STARTING RELAY
• The motor is operated
by this relay which is
also called motor
protective relay.
• It essentially consists
of a plunger on which
a coil is wound .
• The figure below
shows the
arrangement:

THRMOSTAT
• A thermostatic switch
is used on all the
household refrigerators
by which the
temperature is
controlled, and it is
called thermostat.
• The construction of a
thermostat used in a
refrigerator is shown in
figure below:

OVERLOAD PROTECTOR
• This is a thermal device which opens the
circuit of the motor when overloaded and
is called overload protector.
• The figure below shows the enlarged view
of a overload protector.

CABINET LIGHT
• This circuit contains a lamp and a switch.

• The switch is called door switch and so
installed that when the door is closed,the
bulb remains off.
• When the door is opened, the bulb remains
on.

DRIER ASSEMBLY
• This assembly is not employed on all the

domestic refrigerators.
• This is a high resistance wire passing
around the drier to remove the moisture
from the refrigerator.
• This is connected across the supply by the
thermostat.
AIR-CONDITIONER
• The room air conditioner is used to condition the
air of a particular space occupied by the human
beings i.e. office, room etc.
• It has automatic operation to control and maintain
the humidity of air.
• There are two parts divided by a partition with a
small opening at the top as
1.outdoor part
2.indoor part

AIR-CONDITIONER
• The complete operation of
an air conditioner can be
studied under these sub
headings-
1.vapour compression cycle
2.air circulation
3.electrical circuit
• The figure below shows a
room air conditioner

CONCLUSION
• The electrical energy is utilised by converting it into
one form or the other form for getting suitable
output from it.
• The utilization of electrical energy for the
refrigeration and air conditioning is fast replacing
the old methods.
• Refrigeration and Air Conditioning has become a
necessity in every sphere of human utility and
industrial set-ups.

Thank You…

Refrigeration&amp;Air Conditioning

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Technical Seminar Presentation - 2004

National Institute of Science & Technology

Under the Guidance of

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [1]

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [2]

WHAT IS REFRIGERATION &

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [3]

• This is the machine by which the

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [4]

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [5]

• The refrigerant is generally a gas which

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [6]

VAPOUR COMPRESSION CYCLE

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [7]

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [8]

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [9]

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [10]

MOTOR COMPERESSOR UNIT

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [11]

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [12]

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [13]

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [14]

• This circuit contains a lamp and a switch.

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [15]

• This assembly is not employed on all the

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [17]

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [18]

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [19]

Presented By : Manmatha Kumar Giri [20]

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