Doc.

No: RICS-SBE/001/SRE/S006/R01
Revised On: 30-11-2018

Unit 2: Motivation

By:
Dr. Ritika Bhatia
 Motive and Motivation

Motive • Reason for doing something

• strength and direction of

Motivation behaviour
• factors that influence people
Elements of Motivation

Direction

Intensity

Persistence
Drivers of Motivation
Image courtesy: https://tccl.arcc.albany.edu/knilt/images/0/08/E%26I.png
Image courtesy:
https://www.google.com/search?biw=1242&bih=597&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=TCxQXJO0IuTGxgOw576IAw&q=motivation&oq=motivation&gs_l=img.3..0i67l3j0j0i67j0l5.857333.859098..8
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 Motivation
Theories

Early Contemporary
Theories Theories

McClelland’s
Maslow’s Need Theory X and Two-Factor
Theory of
Hierarchy Theory Y Theory
Needs
 MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS

Image Courtesy: http://solveyourdilemma.blogspot.com/2015/04/the-cave-man-vs-urban-man.html

MAN
 Cave Man Vs. Urban Man
Thought Cave Man Urban Man

Color of Thoughts White and Black Pearl Whites, rosy pinks,

(Simpler view in life) blues etc.
(too many synapses)
views Judgmental Encompassing all views
flexibility set More flexible

level Already self actualized. Striving for self actualization

doubts No benefit of doubt Plagued by doubts

association • Primitive • In tune with the changing

• Already evolved times
• evolve more
TWO FACTOR THEORY- FREDERICK HERZBERG

► Individual’s relationship to work is basic.

► Attitude toward work can determine success or failure.

What do people want

from their jobs? Exceptionally
good

Exceptionally
bad
Image courtesy: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Frederick-Herzberg-Motivational-Theory_fig2_328306540
Image Courtesy:
McClelland’s Theory of Needs
Contemporary Theories of Self Determination Theory
Motivation
Goal Setting Theory

Expectancy Theory

Reinforcement Theory
Self Determination Theory

Hypothesizes that extrinsic rewards will reduce intrinsic

interest in a task.
GOAL SETTING THEORY

Goals Increase Performance

What needs
to be done Set specific goals

Effort
Difficult goals
required

Provide feedback
EXPECTANCY THEORY
REINFORCEMENT THEORY: BF Skinner and his associates

► Behavior is a function of its consequences.

Rewarded Repeated

Behavior
Punished/ Less likely to be
Ignored repeated
REINFORCEMENT THEORY- Cont.

Positive Negative
Reinforcement Reinforcement

Methods

Punishment Extinction
References

• Robbins, Stephen P., Judge Timothy A., Vohra, Neharika, Organisational Behavior,
15th edition,
• Some publically available graphics and material with due mention of source.
Thank You