IV.

Asphalt construction

Asphalt construction
 Important parameters (Asphalt)

Cool down behaviour

Material mix
+
Passes Weather condition

Machine type
+ weight

Result
Speed
Compaction type
/
Rolling pattern

Asphalt-temperature Amplitude
Frequency

Asphalt construction
Asphalt construction
Asphalt construction

The most important factors which are influencing the

success of compaction are:

• Influence of the material mix (bitumen, chipps…)

• Compacting temperature

• Enviromental conditions while paving

• Layer thickness

Asphalt construction
Important parameters (Asphalt)
Compacting temperature:

Approx.120° C +/- 30° C

Depends on the material
mix

Asphalt construction
Important parameters (Asphalt)
Enviromental conditions while paving / Layer thickness

High air temperature, High surface

Thick layer Sunlight temperature

Layer thickness

Slow cooling
longer time for rolling
Fast cooling
start rolling earlier and finish
as fast as possible

Thin layer Low air temperature, Low surface temperature

wind, rain or snow
Asphalt construction
Tips

Asphalt construction
THE TEN COMMANDMENTS FOR ROLLER
DRIVERS

I. ROLL AS CLOSELY AS POSSIBLE BEHIND THE PAVER

II. COMPACT THE SEAMS (CONNECTIONS) FIRST
III. WHEN COMPACTING, ALWAYS BEGIN AT THE LOWER EDGE
IV. BEFORE YOU CHANGE THE DRIVE-DIRECTION YOU SHOULD
DEACTIVATE VIBRATION / OSCILLATION
V. ALWAYS CHANGE THE ROLLING SPEED GENTLY
VI. MOVE FORWARDS AND BACKWARDS IN THE SAME TRACK
VII. CHANGE THE ROLLER TRACK ON THE COLD SIDE
VIII. ROLL IN PARALLEL TRACKS
IX. SPRINKLE THE DRUMS SUFFICIENTLY TO AVOIDING
ADHERING MATTER
X. NEVER LEAVE THE ROLLER ON HOT ASPHALT

Asphalt construction
Compacting of the joint across the
pavement
COLD

Overlapping

HOT
approx. 5 cm

Compaction
Static or
Oscillation

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

Rolling pattern: Turn in before the paver

Possibility of “waves“ in
the asphalt

Avoids “waves“ in
the asphalt

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

 Asphalt construction
Rolling pattern: Paving without side fortification

Asphalt construction
 Asphalt construction
Rolling pattern: Paving with side fortification (e. g. a kerb)

Asphalt construction
Rolling pattern: “Hot to cold“ paving

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

Rolling pattern: “Hot to cold“ paving

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

Hot on Cold

Asphalt construction
Rolling pattern: “hot to hot“ paving

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

Rolling pattern: “hot to hot“ paving

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

Walzschema bei Kurven

Compacting always
from inside to outside

Avoiding passes of the

edges and better weight
Not mentioned: distribution:
overlapping Rear drum crab offset

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau
 Abstreuen

Material noch mit Mehr Griffigkeit durch

Bitumen umschlossen Splitt
Raue Oberfläche

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

Rolling Errors

Cracks
- Overcompaction
- To heavy Rollers
- No Layer cohesion (low Emulsion)
- Asphalt to cold
- Low Quality Mix (Adhering not enogh)
- Frostdamage
- Dynamic Compaction on cold Asphalt
- Water/Snow on the surface while paving

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

Rolling Errors

Eccess Bitumen

- To much Emulsion
- Emulsion sprayed to late
- Segragated Mix
- To much Tyre Roller use
- To many Passes
- Early Beginning

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

Rolling Errors

Längsrisse
- Material to hot
- Wannenbildung (zu spätes
Abwalzen der Außenkanten)
- Unterbau nicht Tragfähig
- Beide Bandagen in gleicher Spur
(Hundegang verwenden)

Querrisse

- Walze zu schwer
- Schlechter Schichtenverbund
- Zu hohe Frequenz
- Anbaugeräte (Splittstreuer)
- Zu starke Lenkbewegungen

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

Einbaufehler

Setzungen

- Unterbau nicht Tragfähig

- Falsche Mischgut-
zusammensetzung
- Zu hoher Hohlraumgehalt
- Schlechte Verdichtung
- Unterspülungen, Nachsetzungen

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

Einbaufehler

Spurrillen

- Schlechte Tragfähigkeit des

Unterbaus
- Schlechte Verdichtung
- Falsche
Mischgutzusammensetzung
- Falsch gewählte Bauklasse für die
Beanspruchung (Schwerverkehr?)

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

Einbaufehler
Wellenbildung

- Falsche Bohleneinstellung
- Mischgut
- unterschiedliche Temperaturen
- unregelmäßiger Materialfluß
- Verhältnis Korngröße / Einbaustärke
- Unebener Unterbau
- Falsche Sensorik am Fertiger
- Überwalzen der Bugwelle
- Kein Einlenken vor dem Fertiger
- Starke Lenkbewegungen auf heißem
Mischgut
- Falsche Frequenz / Amplitude /
Geschwindigkeit der Walze

Verdichtung im Asphalt- und Erdbau

 Asphalt base course

Roller Heavy-duty rollers

Amplitude Begin with high amplitude

Passes

Compacting mode Vibration and oscillation

Special aspects If the stability of the asphalt is low, compact the first
two passes statically. Easy processing.

Asphalt construction
 Asphalt binder

Roller Heavy-duty rollers

Amplitude Begin with high amplitude

Passes

Compacting mode Vibration and oscillation

Special aspects Material sensitive to displacement. Avoid low speed.

Avoid excessive temperatures. If the stability of the
asphalt is low, compact the first two passes statically.

Asphalt construction
 Base surface course

Roller Medium-duty to heavy-duty rollers

Amplitude Begin with high amplitude

Passes

Compacting mode Vibration and oscillation

Special aspects If the stability of the asphalt is low, compact the first
two passes statically.

Asphalt construction
 Asphalt concrete

Roller Medium-duty rollers

Amplitude Low amplitude

Passes

Compacting mode Vibration and oscillation

Special aspects Avoid low speed. Avoid excessive temperatures. If the

stability of the asphalt is low, compact the first two
passes statically.

Asphalt construction
 Stone mastic asphalt

Roller Medium-duty to heavy-duty rollers

Amplitude Low amplitude

Passes

Compacting mode Vibration and oscillation

Special aspects Avoid excessive temperatures in order to avoid

drawing up bitumen. Easy processing in most cases.

Asphalt construction
 Low-temperature asphalt

Roller Medium-duty to heavy-duty rollers

Amplitude High amplitude for binder and base course

Low amplitude for surface course

Passes

Compacting mode Vibration and oscillation

Special aspects Expansion of the temperature zone for compaction by

10 – 20 °C towards lower temperatures.

Asphalt construction
 Porous asphalt (PA)

Roller Lightweight to medium-duty rollers

Amplitude Low amplitude

Passes

Compacting mode Static or vibration

Special aspects Avoid excessive temperatures in order to avoid

drawing up bitumen. Only a small number of passes
with vibration. Edges must not be compacted with an
edge pressing assembly because water cannot
otherwise drain off.

Asphalt construction
 Double-layer porous asphalt (DLPA)

Roller Lightweight to medium-duty rollers

Amplitude Low amplitude

Passes

Compacting mode Static or vibration

Special aspects Avoid excessive temperatures in order to avoid

drawing up bitumen. Only a small number of passes
with vibration. Edges must not be compacted with an
edge pressing assembly because water cannot
otherwise drain off.

Asphalt construction
 Double-layer asphalt “hot on hot“
(InLine Pave)
Roller Medium-duty rollers

Amplitude Low amplitude

Passes

Compacting mode In particular oscillation and possibly vibration

Special aspects Material sensitive to displacement. Start compaction

only at low temperatures because the layer is very
thick and the asphalt only cools slowly. If the stability of
the asphalt is low, compact the first two passes
statically. In the event of displacements, compact with
oscillation only.

Asphalt construction
Asphalt construction