PUBLIC HEALTH?

Public health is defined as the

combination of sciences, skills and
beliefs that are directed to the
maintenance and improvement of the
health of all people.
 HEALTH?
Health is a state of complete
physical, mental and social well
being and not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity.
SPECTRUM OF HEALTH
Ideal health
Positive health
Negative or marginal health
In apparent disease
Apparent disease
Death
 IDEAL HEALTH

This confirms to the WHO

definition of health
 POSITIVE HEALTH
Perfect continuing adjustment between the
individual and the environment

This definition indicates that health is a positive

dynamic interaction between the individual and
his surroundings with proper acclimatization to
maintain health
 NEGATIVE OR
MARGINAL HEALTH
If the individual is in a state of
equilibrium, he looks healthy, but he has
no ability to adjust himself to his
surroundings, then he is going to fall ill on
the slightest adverse stimulus.
 IN APPARENT DISEASE
Disease is a state of departure fro normal to
the extent that the ordinary physiologic
processes of the tissues and organs are not
enough to restore the body to its normal
functions.
This disease is not recognized by the
individual but can be discovered by
examination and screening tests
 APPARENT DISEASE

In this type of disease an individual is aware that

she/he is suffering from an illness, whether
he/she seeks medical care or not.
 HOST FACTORS
Heredity and genetic factors
Age and sex
Health status
Previous immunologic experience
Physiologic state
Life style
Socio-economic status
 RISK FACTORS
There are factors that make an individual, a
family, a group of individuals, or a community
more prone to a specific disease due to the
presence of a certain factor which is not the
direct causative agent.
The causative agent may be known or
unknown.
The risk factors are related to the host or
his/herself specific environment.
 PUBLIC HEALTH
ACCOMPLISHMENTS
Vaccination
Motor-vehicle safety
Safer workplaces
Control of infectious diseases
Decline in deaths from coronary heart
disease and stroke
Safer and healthier foods
Healthier mothers and babies
Family planning