1.What do you like about your job?

2. What are the reason you love your

job?
3. Are you satisfied with your work?
Why?
4. What motivates you to go to your
workplace?
Motivation

Any influence that triggers, directs or

maintains behavior
Research is based upon different variables
that affect motivation
Individual Differences
Organizational Contexts
Manager Behaviors
Process Theories
Content Versus Process
Motivation Theories

Content theories
explain why people have different needs at
different times

 Process theories
 describe the processes through which needs
are translated into behavior
Content Theories of
Motivation
Maslow’s Alderfer’s Herzberg’s McClelland’s
Need Hierarchy ERG Theory Theory Learned Needs

Self- Need for

Actualization Achievement
Growth Motivators
Need for
Esteem
Power

Need for
Belongingness Relatedness
Affiliation

Safety Hygienes
Existence
Physiological
Maslow’s Hierarchy

Each individual has needs, or feelings of

deficiency that drive their behavior
Once a need is satisfied, then it is no
longer motivating
Needs are in a hierarchy that an individual
moves up as they satisfy levels of needs
 14.3

Maslow’s Hierarchy

Self-
Actualization

Esteem

Affiliation

Security

Physiological

Adapted from Figure 14.2

 This theory factors influence
morale, job satisfaction and
motivation
 Frederick Herzberg
 Motivation-Hygiene Theory
 Two-factor Theory
 Research on engineers and
accountants in Pittsburgh, USA, in the
1960s
Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene
theory
Leading to Dissatisfaction Leading to Satisfaction
(Hygiene Factors) (Motivation Factors)
Extrinsic Intrinsic
salary achievement
supervision recognition (for
interpersonal achievement)
relations the work itself
policy advancement
administration responsibility
 Herzberg’s motivation-
hygiene theory
Hygiene Factors Motivation Factors
salary achievement
supervision recognition (for
interpersonal relations achievement)
policy the work itself
administration advancement
responsibility

capable of creating Their absence does not

dissatisfaction, but not create dissatisfaction, but
capable of satisfying a state of ‘no satisfaction’.