General Information For CSC Exam

GENERAL
INFORMATION
CONCEPTS &
TERMS
Civil Service Examination
Professional & Sub-professional
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STATE
• COMMUNITY OF PERSONS
• OCCUPYING DEFINITE
PORTION OF INDEPENDENT
TERRITORY
• POSSESSING AN ORGANIZED
GOVERNMENT
ELEMENTS
• PEOPLE- inhabitants
• TERRITORY- fixed portion of the surface
of earth inhabited
• GOVERNMENT- agency/instrumentality
where will of the state is formulated,
expressed and realized.
• SOVEREIGNTY- supreme power of the
state to enforce its will upon the
people and the freedom from external
or foreign control.
GOVERNMENT
NATIONAL Entire machinery of the
government
LOCAL Political subdivisions- provinces,
cities, municipalities, and
barangays
AUTONOMOUS REGION Self-governing regions in the
country
METROPOLIAN AUTHORITY Special political subdivisions-

LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS
comprising METRO MANILA
FORMS OF
GOVERNMENT
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Supreme and final authority in
the hands of a SINGLE
PERSON without regard to the
source of his election or the
nature or duration of his
tenure.
MONARCHY
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1. ABSOLUTE- ruler rules by
DIVINE RIGHT
2. LIMITED MONARCHY
(Constitutional)- rules in
accordance with a constitution
MONARCHY
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Political power
is exercised by a
few privileged
class
ARISTOCRACY
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Political power
is exercised by a
majority of the
people
DEMOCRACY
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1. Direct or pure- will of the state
directly expressed through the
people in a mass meeting.
2. Indirect, representative or
Republican- will of the state
through agency of relatively small
and selected body of persons as
representatives
DEMOCRACY
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CONSTITUTION
WRITTEN INSTRUMENT
WHERE FUNDAMENTAL POWERS OF

GOVERNMENT ARE ESTABLISHED,
LIMITED and DEFINED, and by which
POWERS are distributed among several
departments for safe and useful exercise
for the benefits of the body politics
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TYPES OF
CONSTITUTION
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WRITTEN
Provisions are all

contained in a
single document
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UNWRITTEN
Provisions are not
contained in a single
document but rather
in different
documents
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CONVENTIONAL or
ENACTED
Formulated by a
CONSTITUTIONAL
CONVENTION called
to draft the
constitution
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CUMULATIVE or
EVOLVED
NOT crafted by a
positive act of the
state but it developed
as part of the history
of the nation
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RIGID or INELASTIC
Cannot be easily
amended unless such
amendment is
provided for by the
constitution
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FLEXIBLE or ELASTIC
Can be easily
changed
ANYTIME
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PARTS OF
CONSTITUTION
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CONSTITUTION OF
GOVERNMENT
Provisions which set up
the governmental
structure- Articles VI,
VII, VIII, IX, and X of
1987 Constitution
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CONSTITUTION OF
LIBERTY
Provisions which guarantee
individual fundamental
liberties against governmental
abuse- Articles III, IV, V, XII,
XIII, XIV, and XV
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CONSTITUTION OF
SOVEREIGNTY
PROVISIONS which outline
the process whereby people
may change the constitution-
Articles XVII and II section 1
of the 1987 Constitution
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FUNDAMENTAL
PRINCIPLES of
GOVERNMENT
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Recognition
1.
of the AID of
ALMIGHTY
GOD
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2.
SOVEREIGNTY
of the PEOPLE
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3.RENUNCIATION
of WAR as an
instrument of
NATIONAL
POLICY
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4. SUPREMACY of
CIVILIAN
AUTHORITY over
the MILITARY
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5. Separation of
CHURCH and
STATE
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6. Recognition of the
importance of FAMILY
as a basic social
institution- vital roles of
the YOUTH in NATION
BUILDING
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7. Guarantee of
HUMAN
RIGHTS
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8.
GOVERNMENT
through
SUFFRAGE
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9. Separation of
POWERS
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10.
Independence
of JUDICIARY
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11. Guarantee
of LOCAL
AUTONOMY
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12. High sense of
PUBLIC SERVICE
morality and
ACCOUNTABILITY
of public officers
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13. NATIONALIZATION
of NATURAL RESOURCES
and certain private
enterprises affected with
PUBLIC INTEREST
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14. Non-
sustainability
of the STATE
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15. Rule of the
MAJORITY
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16.
GOVERNMENT
of LAWS and not
of MEN
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CLASSIFICATION
of RIGHTS
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Natural RIGHTS
Possessed by every citizen
without being granted by the
state.
They are conferred by GOD to
human being so that he may
live a HAPPY LIFE
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Constitutional
RIGHTS
Conferred and protected by the
Constitution.
Part of the fundamental law
that cannot be modified or
taken away by law-making
body
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Constitutional
RIGHTS
a.
POLITICAL
RIGHTS
b. CIVIL RIGHTS
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a. POLITICAL RIGHTS
Power to participate
directly or indirectly in
the establishment or
administration of
government
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b. CIVIL RIGHTS
RIGHTS the law enforce at the
instance of private individuals
for the purpose of securing
them the enjoyment of their
means of HAPPINESS
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b. CIVIL RIGHTS
* SOCIAL ECONOMIC
- Intended to insure the
well-being and
economic security of the
individual
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b. CIVIL RIGHTS
*RIGHTS of the
ACCUSED
-intended for the
protection of a person
accused of any crime
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STATUTORY RIGHTS
Provided by laws promulgated

by the law-making body and
consequently , may be
abolished by the same body.
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SUFFRAGE
RIGHT and OBLIGATION to
vote of qualified citizens in the
ELECTION of certain
NATIONAL and LOCAL officials
of the government and in the
decision of public questions
submitted to the people.
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SCOPE of
SUFFRAGE
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1. ELECTION
POLITICAL EXERCISE,
sovereign people choose
a candidate to fill up an
elective government
position
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2. PLEBISCITE
Right to ratify or reject

constitutional
amendments or
proposed laws
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3. REFERENDUM
Right reserved to the people to
adopt or reject any act or measure
which has been passed by a
legislative body and which in
most cases would without action
on the part of the electors become
a law
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4. INITIATIVE
Power of the people to
propose bills and laws, and
to enact or reject them at
the polls, independent of
the legislative assembly
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5. RECALL
SYSTEM by which an
elective official is
removed by popular
vote before the end of
his term.
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BRANCHES of
GOVERNMENT
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LEGISLATIVE
EXECUTIVE
JUDICIAL
BRANCHES of
GOVERNMENT
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POWER- authority
to make laws and
alter and repeal
them
LEGISLATIVE
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Divided into two chambers:
SENATE (24) and the HOUSE
of REPRESENTATIVES (not
more than 200) 20% from party
list
LEGISLATIVE
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LAWS- statutes which are
written enactment of the
legislature governing relations
of the people among themselves
or between them and the
government and its agencies
LEGISLATIVE
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POWER- vested in the
PRESIDENT.
Power to administer laws-
carrying them into practical
operation and enforcing their
due observance
EXECUTIVE
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PARDON- act of GRACE proceeding
from the power entrusted with the one-
in-charge of the execution of laws
which exempts the individual on whom
it is bestowed, from the punishment the
law inflicts for a crime he has
committed.
EXECUTIVE
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KINDS of
PARDON
EXECUTIVE
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a. ABSOLUTE-
when it is not
subjected to any
condition
EXECUTIVE
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b. CONDITIONAL-
when it is given subject
to any condition or
qualification the
President may see fit
EXECUTIVE
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c. REMISSION-
prevents the collection
of fines or the
confiscation of forfeited
property
EXECUTIVE
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d. AMNESTY-granting OBLIVION
or general pardon for a past offense
usually granted in favor of certain
classes of persons who have
committed crimes of a political
character, such as treason, sedition
or rebellion.
EXECUTIVE
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POWER- apply the laws to contests
or disputes concerning legally
recognized rights or duties between
the State and private persons, or
between individual litigants in
cases properly brought before the
judicial tribunals
JUDICIAL
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Vested in the SUPREME COURT
and in such lower courts as may be
established by the law
- SC is composed of a CHIEF
JUSTICE and 14 Associate Justices
JUDICIAL
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General Information For CSC Exam

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GENERAL

METROPOLIAN AUTHORITY Special political subdivisions-

WHERE FUNDAMENTAL POWERS OF

Provisions are all

Provided by laws promulgated

Right to ratify or reject

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