SIMPLE TESTs OF HYPOTHESeS

(Z-test and T-test)

RECAP…
1. This is known as “the working hypothesis”.
2. The probability of committing a type I error.
3. The rejection region lies entirely in one end of the distribution.

4. It is accepting a false null hypothesis.

5. A hypothesis of significant difference between two statistical

measures.

6. Null or Alternative?
Increasing exercise intensity increases the resulting aerobic benefit.
7. Directional or non-directional?
Increasing exercise intensity increases the resulting
aerobic benefit.
8. one-tailed or two-tailed test?
Increasing exercise intensity increases the resulting aerobic
benefit.

9. If the computed value is 1.92 and the critical value is 0.87

(right-tailed test), then the null hypothesis is
____(accepted or rejected)_.

10. What are the steps in hypothesis testing?

 ഥ − 𝝁
𝒙 𝒏 𝑥=
ҧ sample mean
𝒛= 𝜇= population mean
𝝈
n= number of samples
𝑠= sample standard deviation
ഥ − 𝝁 𝒏−𝟏
𝒙
𝒕= 𝜎=population standard deviation
𝒔
 ഥ − 𝝁
𝒙 𝒏
𝒛=
𝝈

(𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝒘𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒈𝒆

𝝁 = 𝟒𝟓 𝒔𝒕𝒖𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝒐𝒓
𝒑𝒐𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏)

(𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏 𝒘𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝟏𝟎𝟎

ഥ = 𝟒𝟕
𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒆𝒈𝒆 𝒔𝒕𝒖𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒔 𝒐𝒓
sample 𝒎𝒆𝒂𝒏)
𝒏 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎
 𝝈=𝟑 𝝁 = 𝟒𝟓 ഥ = 𝟒𝟕
𝒙

ഥ = 𝟒𝟕
𝒙 > 𝝁 = 𝟒𝟓
 𝝈=𝟑

𝝁 = 𝟒𝟓
ഥ = 𝟒𝟕
𝒙

Test type 𝜶 =0.10 𝜶 =0.05 𝜶 =0.025 𝜶 =0.01

One-tailed ±1.28 ±1.645 ±1.96 ±2.33
test
Two-tailed ±1.645 ±1.96 ±2.33 ±2.58
test
Reject
Accept Ho
Ho

ഥ − 𝝁
𝒙 𝒏
𝒛=
𝝈
 𝝁 = 𝟏. 𝟓𝟔

𝑥ҧ − 𝜇 𝑛 − 1
𝑡= ഥ = 𝟏. 𝟓𝟏
𝒙
𝑠
𝑥=
ҧ sample mean
𝜇= population mean
n= number of samples
𝑠= sample standard deviation
Assignment:
Solve the following by using the steps in hypothesis testing:
1. Bakal Company is manufacturing steel wire with an average tensil
and strength of 60 kilos. The laboratory tests 16 pieces and finds that
the mean is 57 kilos and the standard deviation is 15 kilos. Are the
results in accordance with the hypothesis that the population mean is
60 kilos? (𝛼 = 0.05, 𝐶𝑉 = ±1.703)

2. It is known from the records of the city schools that the standard
deviation of mathematics test scores on the ABC test is 5. A sample
of 200 pupils from the system was taken and it was found out that
the sample mean score is 75. Previous tests showed the population
mean to be 70. Is it safe to conclude that the sample is significantly
different from the population? 𝛼 = 0.05, 𝐶𝑉 = ±1.645
 𝑥1 − 𝑥2
𝑡=
𝑛1 − 1 𝑠1 2 + 𝑛2 − 1 𝑠2 2 𝑛1 + 𝑛2
𝑛1 + 𝑛2 − 2 𝑛1 𝑛2