Job Instructional Techniques

Basic Supervisory Training

Date
Venue
Prepared by: Mary Grace Q. Bahade
Corporate Training Staff
Objectives

To know what is Job Instructional Techniques

To know what are the different Job Instructional Techniques

To know why is it important to learn the different Job

Instructional Techniques
TRY THIS!

an individual who
was hired by an
employer to do a
specific job.

Employee
hired by the
employer after an
application and
interview process.
What Does an Employee Do?

1. An employee works part-time, full-time or is temporary in a job

assignment.

2. An employee barters his or her skills, knowledge, experience,

and contribution in exchange for compensation from an
employer.
But what if the employee does not possess skills, knowledge
and experience?

What will the company do?

It is indeed a reality that some employees does not possess skills,
knowledge and experience towards their jobs.

I am just thinking… How to work on this job? I don’t

even think of having it.. Maybe I know our plant
operation.. But… How can I manage?

I DON’T EVEN KNOW IF I CAN DO IT RIGHT..

That is why we provide them Training.

 What is
Training?
Training is teaching, or
developing in oneself or
others, any skills and
knowledge that relate to
specific useful competencies.

Training has specific goals of

improving one's capability,
productivity and performance.
Primary Goal In training is to help you understand the things
that you need to know to make you more efficient and productive
in your job.

Our Ultimate Goal is to make you more

Knowledgeable and Experienced.
Important Reminder!!!
For the trainees to learn, don’t just give them plain instruction, BUT use
TEACHING METHOD…

By that you are not only telling them what to do but you
let them know WHAT ?HOW? And WHY IT IS DONE..
With the help of techniques we are able to train trainees with different
learning style preference to make them easily understand the
training.

IF I DON’T LEARN THE

WAY YOU TEACH, WHY
DON’T YOU TEACH ME
THE WAY I LEARN?
Job instructional Techniques (JIT)

A systematic, fast, and effective method for

teaching your trainees to do a job correctly and
safely.

reduce the risk of an injury or death and prevent

costly equipment repairs, or avoid lost work time.
JIT Planning Preparation

1. Choose a competent trainer

2. Identify an appropriate location and time for the training
3. Determine what information to convey to the trainees
Steps of the JIT Method
1. Preparation: Provide a positive learning atmosphere for the trainees
by putting them at ease, evaluating what they already know, and
treat the trainees as peers.

2. Presentation: List and demonstrate individually each step, stressing

key points, while the trainees observe. Provide an opportunity for the
trainees to interact by asking questions.

3. Performance: Give the trainees the opportunity to complete the steps

of the process while they explain the key points. If trainees cannot
explain the key points, they have not internalized the instructions and
explanations. They do not thoroughly understand the job and are
likely to perform it incorrectly or unsafely. Repeat this step until the
trainees successfully explain and complete the task.

4. Follow-up: Monitor the trainees performances as they complete the

steps, and correct their actions before they become habits. Provide
trainees a means for follow-up by designating a contact person for
assistance, and encourage them to ask questions as needed after
completing the training.
 Benefits of the JIT Method

1. Training is practical and realistic.

2. Able to motivate your trainees and focus on areas of

improvement.

3. You can evaluate the training session.

What are the Job Instructional techniques?

 Natural

The Natural technique is a technique that lets the trainee know

that a particular behavior or activity needs to occur.

Implementation:

Associating tasks with natural technique will promote independence

and allow the coach to fade from the task more quickly.
Example:

Tell your trainee that every 7 o’clock (The time is his cue) in the
morning he will go to the tank farm to determine the liquid level of
the LPG in the tank and read its pressure and temperature and
write it down in a log book and use it on his report.

In this way your trainee can easily remember his task when 7
o’clock in the morning comes. He will go to the tank farm and do
the task that is instructed to him.

Your presence will not be necessary, your trainee will be

independent all you have to do is check on him if he determine the
liquid level of the LPG in the tank and if he read its pressure and
temperature correctly.
 Visual

A visual is a technique that has been visually added to stand

out so that the attention of a trainee will be drawn to it.

Implementation:

Examples of visual can include: color-coded items or using

colored tape on items to identify them. Photographs, diagrams,
written lists, and drawings could also be used.
Example:

Our cylinder Color code, our Medical Oxygen is Green. Acetylene

is a combination of Red & Orange and our LPG Cylinder is Orange
with white prints.

We also have our pipes, Blue pipe is for liquid or LPG, White pipe is
for vapor. If you are in field training, you can just easily point it out
to the trainee.

Trainee's can easily Identify these items because of its colors.

 Shadowing

Shadowing refers to a trainee being observed by a trainer who is

near enough to intervene only when needed.

Implementation:

Shadowing is most often used when fading has occurred from the
job tasks. As the trainer is able to observe independence on the
job, they should be able to gradually increase their distance from
the trainee until they do not need to be present on the job site.
Example:

When your trainee is doing Lorry Loading, all you have to do is observe
him if he connected the right pipes, If he did not forget to place the
ground rod , If he is checking the liquid level every 10-15 minutes. If you
observe something different, that’s the time that you can approach him
and tell him what to do.
 Verbal

Direct verbal approach are statements to the trainee that tell

them exactly what they need to do on a task.

Implementation:

Be clear and concise at all times and use repetition

appropriately to help the trainee retain the instructions to
memory.

Your tone of voice, clarity of speech, volume and the amount of

in-formation you share is equally important.
Example:

You are telling your trainee how to refill the cylinder. You must begin on the
first step on how to do it. Do not confuse him by telling him the last step first.

Do not tell him this, “First you can do soap testing, then you can just open the
valve while weighing you know its so easy.. So yes.. Ahm where are we? Oh
alright then just put it there uhmmm oh.. No no no sorry..I forgot to say you
open the valve .wait wait...” remember that you must be clear and concise.

Tell him these instead, “ This is how we do cylinder refilling. First, we do soap
testing, then we determine the weight, Then we open the valve, then we put
the nozzle in the refilling hole , then in the refilling machine we type how
kilograms it is to refill then just tap enter. Refilling machine will start to refill now.
If it is already filled in, close the valve put it on the other side and seal it.
Alright? Got me?

and use repetition appropriately to help the trainee retain the instructions to
memory. “So, soap test, weighing, open valve, put the nozzle, type the
kilograms, if already filled then close the valve, on the safe side and seal. Am
I clear?”
 Gestural

Gestures are physical movements used to cue the start of, next
step, or ending of a task for a trainee.

Implementation:

When using gestures, make sure that they are performed

within the trainee’s visual field. Gestures are not only made
using your hands, but can also involve movements of the
head, the entire body or facial expressions.
Example:

If you want your trainee stop on whatever it is his doing you can just
give him a hand signal telling him to stop. Or if your trainee is explaining
something and then you are a bit disagree, you can just shake your
head in that way your trainee would be aware that it is not right. Or
you can just smile if you completely agree. Smiling is one of the facial
expression that is commonly use.
 Modeling

Modeling is completed by the coach or another person at the

job and demonstrates for the trainee what the task looks like
when it is being completed, as well as what it looks like when it is
done correctly.

Implementation:

It is best to demonstrate one job task at a time and then allow the
trainee to practice immediately after you demonstrate. You can
repeat this process several times as needed.
Example:

You are doing the computation for production trainees inventory

report. Computing the VLF , show him how to do it. Then allow him to do
it himself. If you have the same answers then probably your trainee
understood how to compute the VLF by demonstrating it first to him.
 Physical

Physical techniques involve physically guiding the trainee’s

movement to en-gage in the desired behavior.

Implementation:

All physical contact should be as gentle as possible and trainers

should ask permission of the trainee first, before making any
contact.
Example:

There is a wide range of use for physical technique like :

 Teaching muscle memory, as in the case of showing the trainee what

it feels like to roll a cylinder or how heavy it is to carry pipes and
connect it to the lorry during loading.
 Proper grip in opening and closing cylinder valve or using fire
extinguisher .
 JIT Tips for Training

 Engage in some assessment before training.

 Ask training assistance from a supervisor at the job site.

 Give constructive feedback.

 Do not commend a job well done with any rewards.

 Avoid helping all the time.

 Allow opportunities for the trainee to ask questions and get

clarification.
A
C
T
I
V
I
T
Y
WHAT TO DO?

 Each departments will be given a topic.

 Each group will discuss their topic in front .
 Below are the topics :

ADMIN How to renew a Business Permit

TSD How to do Cylinder Refilling
MARKETING How to do Product Selling
ACCOUNTING How to properly monitor Warehouse Stock
AUTOGAS How to do refilling in Autogas Station
End of Session