The stone age technology could be

shown by the ignition of fire by rubbing

two stone, handmade weapon. Also
developed canoe-ship technology which
enabled them to travel across the
ocean.
 They also learned informally about
currents, weather conditions,
sailing techniques astro navigation
and star maps. Further technology
was shown by producing polished
stone tools using hard rocks which
became to mining industry.
 The bronze age period showed the
development of agricultural technology,
fishing technique and domesticating
animals and establishment of permanent
homes instead of going from one place to
another.
 The people also developed metal
technology using copper and bronze.
 During Iron age , the people made
progress by sorting to iron smelting
technology since iron was cheaper
than bronze. The last period prior
to the discovery of writing.
 Paul Saettler (2004), traced the development of
educational technology during the ancient civilization
when the tribal priests introduced bodies of
knowledge and ancient culture and introduced sin
writing or pictographs to record or transmit in
formation.
 In pictograph the people draw their ideas like house,
fruits , vegetables, events and other thought and ideas.
 The greatest advances in technology and engineering
came with the rise of the ancient civilizations which
stimulated and educated people and societies in the
world to adopt new ways of living and governance.

 The Chinese Civilization, contributed technology like

paper, seismological detectors, toilet paper, matches ,
iron plough, suspension bridge, wheelbarrow,
parachute, natural gas as fuel magnetic compass,
elevated relief map and gun power.
 With the invention of paper, came their first step
towards developments of educational technology by
further culturing different handmade paper products
as means of visual aids.

 Another language-related technology was the ancient

Egyptian language which was one of the longest
surviving and used language in the World.
 Their language was made up of above 500 heiroglyphs
which are known as heiroglyphics.
Johannes Guteburg ,a German inventor
 The invention of the printing press took place in
appromately 1450 AD
 Pre – Industrial Phases, when industry was at the
handwork or artisan level the instructional processes
utilized gadgets like slate, the horn book , the
blackboard and chalk, only textbook was used with a
few illustrations, simple aid like chart and pictures.
 In 1873, Educational technology paved its way to
be known as audio-visual education when an
international exhibition held in Vienna showcased
the winning American Exhibition of maps, charts,
textbooks and other equipment.

 Maria Montessori ( 1870-1952) an internationally

reowned child educator , she introduced
Montessori Method which developed graded
designed activities to provide for the proper
sequencing of subject matter for each individual
learner.
 This effort marked beginning of dynamic
educational technology Montessori ideas of
prepared child centered environment
 Charles Babbage’s designed of a general
purpose computing device laid to the
foundation of the modern computer in 1883.

 In 1929, the fist practical use regular

television broadcasts was done in Germany.
The olympic Games in 1936 were shown in
Berlin
 In 1960, television was used in education.

 In 1943, the first computing machine was

designed by Babbage
 In 1966, O.K. Moore developed a talking
type tutorial Computer Assisted
Instruction(CAI)
 In 1974, computer are interestingly used in
schools, college and universities.
 In 1956, Benjamin Bloom from USA
introduced the taxonomy of educational
objectives through his publication.
 The Taxonomy of Educational Objectives,
 The Classification of Educational Goals,
 Handbook I : Cognitive Domain
 In 1961, Micro Teaching technique was first
adopted by Dwight W. Allen and his co-
worker at Standford University in USA.
 Electronics is the main technology being
developed in the beginning of the 21st Century.

 Today’s Classroom is more likely to be a

technology lab, a room with rows of students
using internet connected to WIFI
 Stage 1
 Educational Technology is associated with the use of
aids like charts, maps, symbols, specimen and
concrete materials.
Stage 2
Educational Technology refers to the introduction of
electronics through the sophisticated hardware and
software.
Stage 3
Educational Technology revolved around the used
of communications enhancement equipment's to
promote mass media for instructional purposes (CAI)
 Stage 4
 Educational Technology exemplified individualized
teaching and learning with the use of programed
learning and programed instruction.

Stage 5
The latest concept of educational technology is
influenced by concept of system engineering or system
approach which focuses on language laboratories,
teaching machines, programed instruction. Multimedia
technologies and use of the computer in instruction.
 According to it educational Technology is a
systematic way of designing, carry out,
evaluating the total process of teaching and
learning in terms of specific objectives
based on research
“(http://blitziondon.blogspot.com/2012/10/
history-of educational-technology.html)
 The United Nations Educational ,
Scientific and cultural Organization
(UNESCO) uses the term ICTs, or
information and communication
technologies, to describe technologies: …
the tools and process to access, retrieve,
store, organise, manipulate, produce,
present and exchange information by
electronic and other automated means.
These include hardware, software and
telecommunications in the forms of
personal computers etc.
 From the history of media, we know that new
forms never replace the old one. Television
did not kill radio and internet did not kill TV.
New forms of media rather complement the
old ones, but do not countervail them. These
naturally leads to greater choice for people,
but also causes fragmentation. Different
media devices and formats also get mixed
up with each other and this way generates
new forms that contain features from each of
them. Ipod is a good example of this. It is a
kind of a walkman in the internet era that can
be used as a personalized radio.
 1. Late 1970 – Early 1980’s: Programing , Drill
and Practice
 This is the era when computers were
beginning to be used in school. It was in the
years of 1980’s when teachers were
teaching “ADP” in class which stands for
“automated data processing” using Nokia
MikroMikko.

 2. Late 1980’s – Early 1990’s: Computer

Based Training (CBT) with Multimedia
 3. Early
1990’s: Internet-Based Training (IBT)
 The third wave of using computers in
education came with the adoption of the World
Wide Web. The failure of CD-ROMs were
deemed related to the challenges to update
the content in the CD-ROMs.

 4. Late 1990’s – Early 2000: E-Learning

 Improvement were made on the internet-
based training in late 1990’s and early
2000 in the form of e-learning.
 5. Late 2000: Social Software + Free and open
Content
 In late 2000, social software and free and
open content marked a real breakthrough in
the field of educational technology. Blog and
wikis have already brought web back to its
original idea: simple tool for personal notes
that are easily accessible and even editable
by peers and your potentials peers.