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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

&
SAFETY
OHS
Activity Sheet # 1
GOAL

 Identify Hazards and Risks;


 Clarify and explain regulations and workplace
safety and hazard control practices and
procedures;
 Identify hazards/risks in the workplace and their
corresponding indicators;
 Recognize and establish contingency measures in
case of workplace accidents, fire, and other
emergencies;
OHS procedures, practices, and regulations

 The DOLE is the lead agency of the government in


charge in the administration and enforcement of
laws, policies, and programs on occupational safety
and health.

 (Legal basis: Presidential Decree No. 442)

 LABOR CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES


OHS procedures, practices, and regulations

OSH LAWS & ISSUANCES

Book IV, Title I – Medical, Occupational Safety


Dental and Occupational and Health Standards,
Safety (OSHS)1978
OHS procedures, practices, and regulations

Rule 1000. General Provisions:

Duties of Employers

 Furnish safe and healthful working conditions


 Give job safety instruction
 Comply with OSHS
 Use approved safety devices
OHS procedures, practices, and regulations

Rule 1000. General Provisions:

Duties of Employees

 Cooperate with management


 Report unsafe condition
 Use all safe devices
Hazard/risks identification and control

Injuries and diseases in the


workplace occur due to unsafe acts
and conditions.

Exposure to dangerous
environmental elements,
contaminants or work conditions.
Hazard/risks identification and control

 UNSAFE ACTS occur when employees do not


conform or depart from an established
standard, rules or policy. These often happen
when an employee has improper attitude,
physical limitations or lacks knowledge or skills.
Examples include improper posture when
lifting, not using appropriate gloves when
handling chemicals or reporting to work under
the influence of liquor or drugs.
Hazard/risks identification and control

 UNSAFE CONDITIONS are the physical or


chemical properties of a material, machine or
the environment which could possibly cause
injury to people, damage to property, disrupt
operations or other forms of losses. These
conditions could be guarded or prevented. For
example, the lack of safety guards on
machinery or the presence of slippery and wet
floors.
Hazard/risks identification and control

Hazardous Workplaces:
 Exposure to dangerous environmental elements,
contaminants or work conditions
 Construction work, logging, fire-fighting, mining, quarrying,
blasting, stevedoring, dock work, deep sea fishing and
mechanized farming
 Manufacture or handling of explosives and pyrotechnic
products
 Use or exposure to power driven or explosive materials
 Exposure to biological agents as bacteria, fungi, viruses,
protozoa, nematodes and other parasites
Organization safety and health protocol

Safety management systems have six elements:


 a safety plan;
 policies, procedures and processes;
 training and induction;
 monitoring;
 supervision; and.
 reporting.
Safety consciousness

 We all know that safety


consciousness is the most potent
factor in the prevention of accidents.
Safety consciousness may be
defined as awareness of hazards
and alertness to danger.
Health consciousness

 Health consciousness describes an


attitude towards an awareness on
one’s health and well-being.
Practice of personal hygiene

 All staff, irrespective of the fact that they have


direct of indirect contact with the guests
should be well groomed, s this leaves a good
impression on the guests d gives them a
feeling that the company maintains high
standards.
Practice of personal hygiene
OHS
Activity Sheet # 2
GOAL

 Evaluate and control hazards and risks;


 Identify terms of maximum tolerable limits, which
when exceeded, will result in harm or damage
based on TLV;
 Determine effects of hazards;
 Report to designated personnel Occupational
Health Safety (OHS) issues and/or concerns and
identified safety hazards;
GOAL

 Follow OHS procedures for controlling hazards/risks


in the workplace;
 Use Personal Protective Equipment;
 Provide assistance in the event of a workplace
emergency in accordance with protocol;
 Use rubrics in evaluating the preparedness of a given
agency in terms of hazards and risks in the
workplace;
Threshold limit value (TLV)

 The threshold limit value (TLV) of a chemical


substance is believed to be a level to which a
worker can be exposed day after day for a working
lifetime without adverse effects.
Occupational Health & Safety Indicators

 Leading Indicators – can be measured


without an incident, accident, or property
damage occurring; Are useful in
predicting and preventing future incidents;
are often linked to processes or target
activities.
 Lagging Indicators – shows the number
and/or severity of events which have
occurred.
Hazards/risks identification and control skills
There are two basic categories of hazard:

 Acute hazards are those that have an obvious and


immediate impact.
Ex. a slippery floor where there is an immediate danger of
someone slipping and being injured.

 Chronic hazards have a more hidden, cumulative, long-


term impact.
Ex. workplace bullying, where the long-term impact may
result in stress or other psychological injury.
Hazards/risks identification and control skills

Hazards generally fall into one of six groups:

1. Physical – Slippery floors, objects in walkways, unsafe


or misused machinery, excessive noise, poor lighting,
fire.
2. Chemical – Gases, dusts, fumes, vapors and liquids.
3. Ergonomic – poor design of equipment, workstation
design, (postural) or workflow, manual handling,
repetitive movement.
Hazards/risks identification and control skills

4. Radiation – Microwaves, infra-red, ultraviolet,


lasers, X-rays and gamma rays.
5. Psychological – Shiftwork, workload, dealing
with the public, harassment, discrimination,
threat of danger, constant low-level noise,
stress.
6. Biological – Infection by bacteria, virus, fungi or
parasites through a cut, insect bite, or contact
with infected persons or contaminated object.
Personal protective equipment (PPE) types and
uses

Rule 1080. Personal Protective Equipment:

 Every employer should furnish workers


with PPE at his own expense;
 Of approved design;
 Deductions for loss or damage should
not exceed 20% of weekly wage.
OHS
Activity Sheet # 3
GOAL

 Maintain OHS awareness;


 Participate in emergency-related drills and trainings;
 Complete and update OHS personal records;
 Evaluate the level of OHS awareness using rubrics;
 Conduct self-evaluation on the required performance;
 perform self-evaluation in the practice of occupational
health and safety procedures using rubrics.
Interpersonal skills
Communication skills
Personal hygiene practices

 The human body can provide places for


disease-causing germs and parasites to
grow and multiply. These places include the
skin and in and around the openings to the
body. It is less likely that germs and
parasites will get inside the body if people
have good personal hygiene habits.
Personal hygiene practices
Good personal hygiene habits include:

 Washing the body often. If possible, everybody


should have a shower or a bath every day.
However, there may be times when this is not
possible, for example, when people are out
camping or there is a shortage of water

 If this happens, a swim or a wash all over the body


with a wet sponge or cloth will do
Personal hygiene practices

 Cleaning the teeth at least once a day.


Brushing the teeth after each meal is the best
way of making sure that gum disease and
tooth decay are avoided. It is very important to
clean teeth after breakfast and immediately
before going to bed

 Washing the hair with soap or shampoo at


least once a week
Personal hygiene practices

 Washing hands with soap after going to the toilet

 Washing hands with soap before preparing and/or


eating food. During normal daily activities, such as
working and playing, disease causing germs may
get onto the hands and under the nails. If the germs
are not washed off before preparing food or eating,
they may get onto the food or eating, they may get
onto the food
Personal hygiene practices

 Changing into clean clothes. Dirty clothes


should be washed with laundry soap before
wearing them again

 Hanging clothes in the sun to dry. The sun's


rays will kill some disease-causing germs
and parasites
Personal hygiene practices

 turning away from other people and


covering the nose and mouth with a tissue
or the hand when coughing or sneezing. If
this is not done, droplets of liquid
containing germs from the nose and
mouth will be spread in the air and other
people can breathe them in, or the
droplets can get onto food
Evaluation of the performance in the practice of
occupational health and safety procedures


Seatwork

1.
Thanks!
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