Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Head?
Advances in Mind Body Medicine
“You ought not to attempt to cure the body without the soul… For this
is the greatest error of our day in the treatment of the human body,
that physicians separate the soul from the body.”
Plato
Mind Body Medicine - Definitions
Hard to Define
NCCAM definition:
“Interactions among the brain, mind, body, and behavior, and on
the powerful ways in which emotional, mental, social, spiritual,
and behavioral factors can directly affect health”
Regards as fundamental an approach that respects and enhances
each person's capacity for self-knowledge and self-care, and it
emphasizes techniques that are grounded in this approach
www.nccam.nih.gov
Mind Body Medicine - Definitions
Alternative Medicine or
mainstream?
Many forms of MBM,
practices include
Placebo
Tai chi/yoga
Meditation
Mindfulness
Concentration
Social support
Relationship Interactions
Who uses it?
Usage of MBM among adults
Costs of Complementary and Alternative Medicine and
Frequency of Visits to CAM Practitioners: United States 2007
Nahin RL et al
National Health Statistics Reports (18) July 30, 2009
Nocebo
Up to 25% of patients on placebos (JAMA. 2002;287:622-627. )
Cardiovascular Studies
Control
Predictability
Emotions
Stress: A Unifying Mechanism
Stress Theory
Challenge-Stimulus-Hyperarousal
Fight or Flight Response – Walter B Cannon – 1915
General Adaptation Syndrome – Hans Selye – 1940-50s
Relaxation Response – 1970’s and 1980’s
Allostasis – Sterling and Ayer 1988; McEwen 1998
What is Stress?
Psychological Stress
Cognitive Process
Primary and
Secondary Appraisal
Demands vs Abilities
Allostatic Load
HPA effects
SNS effects
Epigenetic effects
Allostasis
Sterling and Ayer 1988; McEwen 1998
Allostatic Loading
Wear and tear due to repeated cycles of allostasis
Hypothesis:
Mind-Body is a unity
Psychosocial (chronic or acute) stress leads to cellular
oxidative stress
Cellular Oxidative Stress leads to disease vulnerability
Hypertension Anxiety
Insomnia PMS
Mantra Meditation
Mindfulness Meditation
Transcendental Meditation
Breathing Meditation
Kripalu Yoga
Kundalini Yoga
Repetitive/Centering Prayer
Functional Brain Mapping of the
Relaxation Response Using 3T FMRI
S.W. Lazar1,2, G. Bush1,2, G. Fricchione 3, R.L. Gollub1,2, G. Khalsa, H.
Benson 31Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School; 2NMR
Center, MGH-East, CNY-9, Charlestown, MA 02129; 3Mind/Body Medical
Institute, Chestnut Hill MA 02467
Genomic Counter Stress Changes Induced by the
Relaxation Response
(PLoS One. 2008 Jul 2;3(7):e2576)
• Healthy Individuals
• Matched for age, sex, gender,
race, height, weight and
marital status
•Group M – Long Term Daily RR
Practitioners
• Group N1 – 20 Controls
• Group N2 – 20 N1 individuals
who completed 8 weeks of RR
training
Programs in
General Wellness
Medical Symptom Reduction
Fertility
Menopause/Perimenopausal
Cardiac Rehabilitation
Mind Body Chronic Pain Service
Mind Body Program for Cancer
Program Structure
Initial Integrative Medicine Consultation – 1 hour