BAMAKO AND LOME

CONVENTIONS

PRESENTED BY-
Pooja Singh
MBA(EB) 1 sem
Roll No. 37
 WHAT IS BAMAKO
CONVENTIONS….

The ban  of the import into Africa and the 
control of Transboundary movement and 
management 
of hazardous wastes within Africa.  
 Cont…
  Convention 
adopted by 51 African Countries at the 
Conference of Environment Ministers 
in Bamako,  Mali, on January 30, 1991.
Came into  force in 22 April 1998.  Only AU 
countries can become party to the Convention
 The Principle 

The principle is based on the Basel Convention

which regulates the movement of wastes
between countries and ensures sound
management and disposal of wastes.
 Why Was  it Adopted 

• Basel Convention was not doing enough .

• Impieties for the Bamako Convention arose

from the failure of the Basal Convention to
prohibited trade of hazardous waste to less
developed countries.
 Rationale of Convention…
• Millions of 
tonnes of hazardous wastes  produced every 
year. 
 
• These wastes 
pose direct threat to the environment 
and human beings due to its toxic,  eco-
toxic, flammable, corrosive and/or infectious 
properties
 Objectives 

• Protect human 
health and the environment from dangers 
posed by hazardous wastes by reducing 
their generation to a minimum in terms 
of quantity and /or hazard potential
• Adopt precautionary measures and ensure
proper disposal of hazardous waste
• Prevent ‘dumping’ of hazardous wastes in
Africa
 Status of participation…
Type of treaty- African Union treaty
Signed -30 January 1991
Location-Bamako, Mali
Effective -22 April 1998
Condition-Ninety days after the ratification by
at least 10 signatory states
Signatories -30
Parties -23
Depositary -Secretary General of the
Organization of African Unity
 Key Provisions…

• Parties obliged to prohibit the import of all

hazardous wastes, for any reason, into Africa
from non-contracting Parties.
• Any waste considered hazardous by domestic
laws of either the state of import, export or
transit.
• Radioactive wastes, industrial wastes, sewage
and sewage sludge prohibited
 Waste…
• Any substance which should be disposed of or that has
been disposed of.
•  Main types  include industrial, domestic, hospital and 
commercial wastes.    
•  Virtually all 
production processes or human activities produce 
waste which could hazardous or not.
 
 
 Hazardous Waste…
• A hazardous waste is waste that poses
potential threats to public health or the
environment.
• There are four factors that determine whether
or not a substance is hazardous…
1)flammable
2)reactivity
3)corrosivity
4)toxicity
 Cont…
• U.S. environmental laws additionally describe
a "hazardous waste" as a waste (usually a solid
waste) that has the potential to-
a)cause, or significantly contribute to an
increase in mortality (death) or an increase in
serious irreversible, or incapacitating
reversible illness.
b)pose a substantial (present or potential)
hazard to human health or the environment
when improperly treated, stored, transported,
or disposed of, or otherwise managed.
 Transboundary  Movement of 
Hazardous  Waste…
• Refers to any translocation of hazardous
wastes from one state to another including its
water and air space. 
• Transboundary 
movements of hazardous wastes taken place 
between industrialized countries and Africa 
for some time.
Why  Convention significant for 
Sustainable Development… 
• SD is 
development that meets the needs of the prese
nt generation without comprising the ability 
of future generations to meet their own 
needs.  
•  It is  development that places human beings 
at  the centre of things
 Why Convention  will promote 
 Sustainable Development…
• The health and  biophysical impacts will 
reduce… 
welfare and  economic growth

 negatively  hamper the environment 

 impair the  ability of future economic 
growth and  well being of the people
 Lome Convention…
• The Lomé Convention is a trade and aid
agreement between the European Union (EU)
and 79 African, Caribbean, and Pacific (ACP)
countries.

• It was first signed on February 28, 1975 in

Lomé.
 Cont…
• The first Lomé Convention (Lomé I), which
came into force in April 1976.
• It was designed to provide a new framework
of cooperation between the then European
Community(EC) and developing ACP
countries, in particular former British, Dutch,
Belgian and French colonies.
 Cont…
• Lomé II (January 1981 to February 1985) increased
the aid and investment expenditure for the ECU to 5.5
billion.
• Lomé III came into force in March 1985 (trade
provisions) and May 1986 (aid), and expired in 1990;
it increased commitments to ECU by 8.5 billion.
• Lomé IV was signed in December 1989. Its trade
provisions cover ten years, 1990 to 1999
 OBJECTIVES

• To promote the economic, social and cultural

development of the African, Caribbean and
Pacific(ACP)States and to establish close
cooperation in a spirit of complete equality.
 Reasons of Lome convention…
The Lome Conventions have sought to assist
ACP states' development and promote close
relations with them through-
• Privileged commercial access especially free
access for exports to the 15 nation EU markets
with guaranteed quotas for some major ACP
products.
• Financial aid, provided in various forms by
the EU as an entity as well as by the EU states
individually and supplemented as required by
emergency assistance
 Conclusion 
Provides strong legal prohibitions on hazardous waste
import and dumping by declaring such activity an illegal
and criminal act.

We are securing the sustainable  development of 
the  countries.
 
THANK YOU…