NATIONAL

UNIVERSITY
PEDRO RUIZ GALLO
FACULTY OF HUMAN MEDICINE

MEDICAL ENGLISH

TEMA : FIRST AID IN MEDICAL EMERGENCIES

 Recognizing medical emergencies

signs of a medical
emergency are:

 Bleeding that will

not stop.
 Breathing problems
 change in mental
status
 Chest pain

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MEDICAL ENGLISH STUDENT : REGALADO ROCHA JACOB
 Recognizing medical emergencies

signs of a
medical
emergency are:

 Choking
 vomiting blood
 Head or spine
injury
 ingestion
toxic substance

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MEDICAL ENGLISH STUDENT : REGALADO ROCHA JACOB
 Bleeding, what to do?

 the bleeding is caused by

a blood vessel damage.
 blood flows depending
on the caliber of the
artery or vein.

causes

 The most common cause

of hemorrhage is the
rupture of a blood vessel
caused by a laceration or
trauma

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MEDICAL ENGLISH STUDENT : REGALADO ROCHA JACOB
 Bleeding, what to do?

First Aid:

  Keep the person

flat.
 put gauze on the
bleeding site.
 In the case of arm
or leg, elevate the
affected limb.

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MEDICAL ENGLISH STUDENT : REGALADO ROCHA JACOB
 Bleeding, what to do?

First Aid:

 Press the affected site

at least five minutes.
to prevent bleeding.
 Do not remove blood-
soaked gauze, apply a
clean bandage.
 applying a tourniquet,
 hospital patient
transfer.

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MEDICAL ENGLISH STUDENT : REGALADO ROCHA JACOB
What is FIRST AID KIT?

IT IS A SEALED PLASTIC RECTANGULAR BOX

CONTAINING SUITABLE FIRST-AID MEDICINES
Thermometer to measure temperature Aspirin to relieve headache

Bandages to stop bleeding

Cotton wool to dry Scissors to cut material to a proper size

Bandages to cover wounds, fractures, or swelling

Soap to wash
Alcohol to disinfect

Pavidona iodine as antiseptic

HOW DO WE IDENTIFY A PERSON SICK?
DIABETES CONSULT A MEDALLION OR CARD
CONSULT A MEDALLION OR CARD
WHAT IS THE MOUTH TO MOUTH
RESUSCITATION?

A technique used to resuscitate a person who has

stopped breathing, in which the rescuer presses his or
her mouth against the mouth of the victim and,
allowing for passive exhalation, forces air into the
lungs at intervals of several seconds.
When do you do the mouth to mouth
resuscitation?

Smoke inhalation

This process is
realize when the Heart attack
person’s breathing
it has stopped

drowning
 How does mouth to mouth resuscitation
realized ?

1.- If a victim appears to be unconscious:

Tap victim on the shoulder and shout, "Are you
okay?"

2.- If there is no response:

Tilt the victim's head, chin pointing up. Place one
hand under the victim's neck and gently lift. At the
same time, push with the other hand on the victim's
forehead. This will move the tongue away from the
back of the throat to open the airway.
3.- Immediately look, listen, and feel for air

4.- If the victim is not breathing:

Check for and clear any foreign matter from the
victim's mouth. Give four quick breaths. Maintain the
backward head tilt, pinch the victim's nose with the
hand that is on the victim's forehead to prevent
leakage of air; open your mouth wide; take a deep
breath; seal your mouth around the victim's mouth,
and blow into the victim's mouth with four quick but
full breaths just as fast as you can.
5.- If the chest does not rise when you blow, it
may help to reposition the head and try again.
Again, look, listen, and feel for air exchange.

6.- If there is still no breathing:

Change rate to one breath every five seconds
for an adult.
For an infant, blow into mouth and nose at
the same time. Give one gentle puff every
three seconds.
CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION
(CPR)

TH E
AT IS
H
W ?
RCP

CPR is a combination of rescue breathing and

chest compressions given to victims who are
believed to be in cardiac arrest, which means
the heart has stopped pumping blood
CPR helps keep patient alive by circulating
some oxygenated blood to vital organs
 CP?
E R
TH
I NG
US
EN
WH

Is used in Cardiac Arrest

Cardiac arrest, (also known as cardiopulmonary arrest or

circulatory arrest) is the cessation of normal circulation of
the blood due to failure of the heart to contract effectively.
 NE RAL
TH E GE ?
AT I S CP R
WH Q UE OF
E CH NI
T

Find the correct hand position

Two hands for adults
One or 2 hands for child
Two fingers for infant
If alone, alternate 30 chest compressions
and 2 ventilations for any age patient
 Place heel of hand on lower half of the sternum
(between the nipples)

When compressing, keep elbows straight and hands

in contact with patient’s chest at all times
 Locating Hand Position for Chest
Compressions

Keep arms straight

 RCP in Infants
Place thumbs of both hands on sternum while fingers encircle
chest
Compress breastbone with both thumbs while squeezing chest
with fingers
If no pulse, rescuer 2 gives 15
chest compressions.
 FIRST AID FOR
BLEEDING

Apply DIRECT PRESSURE TO APPLY a

ELEVATE the
PRESSURE on the Use a dressing points are located PRESSURE
wound above the
wound use a rag, towel, on BANDAGE over
level of the heart
piece of clothing or the wound
your hand alone
AFTER
AFTER THE
THE BANDAGE
BANDAGE IS
IS IN
IN PLACE,
PLACE, IT
IT IS
IS
IMPORTANT TO CHECK THE PULSE TO
IMPORTANT TO CHECK THE PULSE TO MAKE MAKE
SURE
SURE CIRCULATION
CIRCULATION IS
IS NOT
NOT INTERRUPTED.
INTERRUPTED.

ONCE
ONCE PRESSURE
PRESSURE ISIS
APPLIED, KEEP IT IN
APPLIED, KEEP IT IN
PLACE
PLACE