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FUNCTIONS OF LEADERSHIP
‡ Leader develops teamwork
‡ Leader is a representative of subordinates
‡ Leader is an appropriate counsellor
‡ Leader uses power properly
‡ Leader uses time well
‡ Leader strives for effectiveness
 
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IMPORTANCE OF LEADERSHIP
‡ Inspires employees
‡ Secures cooperation
‡ Creates confidence
‡ Provides good working condition
MANAGEMENT is doing things right
LEADERSHIP is doing the right things

We need LEADERS:-
to challenge the status quo
to create vision of the future
to inspire organisational
members
ËWe need MANAGERS:-

to formulate detailed plans

to create efficient organisational

structure

to oversee day to day operations

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Ò A Narrow term Ò A Wider term
Ò A list of Direction Ò A list of
Administration
Ò Formal & Informal Ò Formal Structure
Structure
Ò Informal Authority Ò Formal Authority
LEADERSHIP STYLES
‡ Styles Based on Authority Retained
‡ Styles Based on Task Versus People
Emphasis
‡ Entrepreneurship Leadership Style
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ü I want both of you to ««)

Also known as Autocratic

Style , this style is used when
leaders tell about each and
every aspect of the work
which is to be done without
taking advice of the followers.
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ü Lets work together to solve this«)

Also known as Democratic

Style, this style involves one
or more employees in the
decision- making process
but the final decision making
retains with the leader.
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ü You two take care of the problem while I go)

Also known as Delegative style,

this style allows the employee
to make the decisions. However,
the leader is still responsible for
the decisions that are made.
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‡ HIGH - TASK AND LOW RELATIONSHIP

‡ HIGH - TASK AND HIGH RELATIONSHIP
‡ HIGH - RELATIONSHIP AND LOW - TASK
‡ LOW - RELATIONSHIP AND LOW TASK
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The most notable features of this styles are«.

Ò Impatience and brusqueness towards
employees because the entrepreneur is
always busy.
Ò A heavy task orientation combined with a
very direct approach to giving instructions to
employees.
Contd««

Ò A charismatic personality that inspires others

to do business with him or her despite the
impatience.
Ò A much stronger interest in dealing with
customers than employees.
Ò A stronger dislike for bureaucratic rules and
regulations.
Ò Anxiety to consolidate business gains as
quickly as possible.
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EXAMPLES:-
 
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Trait theory focuses on an individual¶s personal
attributes.
According to trait theories, people are born with
certain inherited traits. Good leaders who posses
the traits of leadership are distinguished from non-
leaders.

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‡ People are born with inherited traits.

‡ Some traits are particularly suited for leadership.
‡ People who make good leaders have the right
combination of traits.
 
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‡Adaptable to situations ‡Clever
‡Alert to social environment ‡Conceptually skilled
‡Ambitious & achievement oriented ‡Creative
‡Assertive ‡Diplomatic and Tactful
‡Cooperative ‡Fluent in speaking
‡Decisive ‡Knowledge about group task
‡Dependable ‡Organized
‡Dominant ‡Persuasive
‡Energetic ‡Socially skilled
‡Persistant
‡Self- Confident
‡Tolerant to stress
‡Willing to assume responsibility
Mc Call and Lombardo
‡ Emotional stability & composure
‡ Admitting error
‡ Good interpersonal skills
‡ Intellectual breadth
Bennis and Thomas
‡ Adaptive Capacity
‡ Voice
‡ Integrity



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‡ A two-dimensional graph or grid that

measures the relative importance a leader
attaches to the task ümeasured along the
horizontal axis) and the people ümeasured
along the vertical axis).
FIEDLER·S CONTINGENCY

Fiedler believes a key factor in leadership success is

the individual·s basic leadership style.
so Fiedler created LPC(least preferred coworker):
1. task-oriented
2. relationship-oriented
Fiedler identified three contingency dimensions:
1. Leader-member relations
2. Task structure
3. Position power
CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIP
 .

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defined charisma as
³A certain quality of an individual personality
by virtue of which he or she is set apart from
ordinary people and treated as endowed with
supernatural , superhuman or at least
specifically exceptional powers or qualities´.
CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIP
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Time is neutral and does not
change things. With courage
and initiative, LEADERS change
things.
- Jesse Jackson
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