Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Huey-Miin Hsueh
Department of Statistics
National Cheng-Chi University
The views expressed in this paper are professional opinions of the
presenter and may not necessarily represent the position of the
National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
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Outline
• Introduction
• Bridging Study
• Discussion
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Introduction
ICH (International Conference on Harmonisa
tion) E5
Ethnic Factors in the Acceptability of
Foreign Clinical Data
The purpose of this guidance is to facilitate the
registration of medicines among ICH regions
by recommending a framework for evaluating
the impact of ethnic factors upon a medicine’s
effect, i.e., its efficacy and safety at a particular
dosage and dose regimen.
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Objectives of ICH E5
• To describe the characteristics of foreign clinical data that
will facilitate their extrapolation to different population
and support their acceptance as a basis for registration on
a medicine in a new region
• To describe regulatory strategies that minimize duplication
of clinical data and facilitate acceptance of foreign clinical
data in the new region
• To describe the use of bridging studies, when necessary, to
allow extrapolation of foreign clinical data to a new region
• To describe development strategies capable of
characterizing ethnic factor influences on safety, efficacy,
dosage, and dose regimen
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Bridging Study
Bridging Studies
• ICH E5
Bayesian Approach
For bridging studies
• Small sample size
• No power
• Information on dose response, efficacy and safety of the
original region can not be concurrently obtained from the local
bridging studies but are available in the trials conducted in the
original region
• Need to borrow “strength” from CCDP of the original region
• Information on dose response, efficacy and safety of the
original region can and should be incorporated in a statistically
sound manner to evaluate bridging evidence by local bridging
studies.
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Similarity
Given the data from the bridging study and prior
information on (P, NT, OT) formulated from the
CCDP, we claim similarity on efficacy for the new
region in terms of non-inferiority concept if the
posterior probability
PSI = P{NT- OT >-δ | bridging data and prior }
> 1-
for some pre-specified δ> 0 and > 0
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δ=f(OT- P)
Example
• We hypothesize an example based on our
experience from literature review
• We select four randomized studies of the effect of
a test drug (versus placebo) in reducing the sitting
diastolic blood pressure
• The results of three studies are treated as the data
from the original region, while the other one study
is treated as the data from the new region
• The alternative hypothesis of interest is that the
difference of reduction from baseline in sitting
diastolic blood pressure between the test drug and
placebo is less than 0
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Example
• By letting f=0.5, we obtain that PSI=0.9999
• We therefore conclude that the efficacy
observed in the bridging study of the new
region is similar to the efficacy from the
original region by the concept of non-
inferiority
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Discussion
Discussion