PRODUCT DESIGN

BY: CHANDANI SHARMA

& SURUCHI SINGH
PRODUCT DESIGN
 Design is the conversion of knowledge and requirement into a form,
convenient and suitable for use or manufacture.
 Product design deals with its FORM and FUNCTION.
 Form implies the shape and appearance of the product while function
is related to the working of the product.
 Design means determination of shape, standard and pattern of the
product. Due consideration should be given to the functional aspect
of the product otherwise it will not be applicable to the user.
 Product design is the stage where die for subsequent production
process is cast. It is the design of the product that can give an edge
over competitors.
 Design gives us the blueprint of product.
DEFINITION OF PRODUCT DESIGN

 According to C. S. Deverell : Design in its broadest sense,

includes the whole development of the product through all the
preliminary stages until actual manufacturing begins.
 Design means the feature or shape, configuration, pattern or
ornament, applied to any article by any industrial process whether
manual, chemical or mechanical, which in the finished article appeal
to and are judged solely by the eye, but does not include any mode
or principle of the construction or anything which is a mere
mechanical device and does not include any trademark.
 Product design includes preparation of drawings, specifications,
development and experimental efforts associated with the product to
be produced or manufactured etc.
DESIGN AND PRODUCTION COSTS

 A top quality product but with high price may not be acceptable to the
consumer.
 Once the preliminary design of the product is ready,the design
engineer should constantly Endeavour for improvements such that
cost of production is minimized.
 The cost of production can be reduced by means of simplifications,
standardizations, specializations and diversification.
 Standardized components can be economically purchased from
specialized firms.
 A good design should posses to make the product more asthetic,
efficient and of greater utility so that it is acceptable to the customer.
DESIGN FOR VOLUME PRODUCTION

 Production processes are of two types, namely

INTERMITTENT and CONTINUOUS.
 Intermittent processes can adopt themselves to changes in
design of the product, but in case of continuous processes,
producing items on mass scale, the designing of the product
require more attention and planning
 It is observed that sometimes minor modification in the design
leads to considerable saving in production costs.
 For high volume production, the product should be made in
subassemblies so that the final product can be obtained by a
quick assembly of sub-assemblies.
 The high volume production involves huge investments in
machines and facilities.
REQUIREMENTS OF A GOOD DESIGN

 FUNCTION (meet customer requirements, customer expect gas lighter

to be convenient).
 RELIABILITY (the reliability of the product, trouble free, reliability
dependent upon the performance of the product).
 MAINTAINABILITY (repair and maintenance are carried out without
trouble).
 PRODUCIBILITY (product can be made easily at reasonable cost).
 SIMPLIFICATION ( easy to produce , lesser cost, more reliable and in
a simple form).
 QUALITY (good product design ensure that the final product quality is
up to the mark).
 MINIMUM COST ( while designing the product the factor of cost is
minimized).
REQUIREMENTS OF A GOOD DESIGN

 PERFORMANCE (how well the product functions).

 ASTHETIC (attractiveness of the product).
 DURABILITY (how long the product lasts in use).
 SERVICE ABILITY (how easy is the product to maintain ,and its
services).
 USER FRIENDLY (easy to use and operate and is ergonomically all
right)
 CUSTOMISABILITY (how easy the product can be modified, change
can be made acc. to customer, additional features can be made to
meet future requirements).
 ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLINESS (how safe is the product for the
environment, disposal of the product).
 SAFETY (factor of risk must be considered, effective and safe
technology).
PRODUCT DESIGN AS A STRATEGIC
ACTIVITY

CUSTOMER SERVICE

PRODUCT ASSOCIATED
PRODUCT ASSOCIATED
SERVICES
SERVICES

PRODUCTION
PRODUCTION

PRODUCTDESIGN
PRODUCT DESIGN (including designing
associated services)

FEEDBACK
FEEDBACK ORGANISATIONAL STRATEGY
FACTORS DETERMINING THE DESIGN
OF A PRODUCT

 CUSTOMER’S REQUIREMENTS :-The product should be acceptable

to the consumer and should satisfy his needs.
 PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS :-The design should create a good
impression on the customer and generate his confidence regarding
durability ,quality and performance of product.
 FACILITY TO OPERATORS :-Machines and tools to perform the
operations prescribed in the design must be convenient and
comfortable to handle.
 FUCTIONALITY :-The design should be able to perform the function,
for which it is made to the complete satisfaction of consumer.
 MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS :-The designer should have up to date
information about new materials available to make the desired product.
FACTORS DETERMINING THE DESIGN
OF A PRODUCT

 WORK METHODS AND EQUIPEMENTS :-The designer must

be aware of innovations for improving the work methods and
nature of the equipments.
 PRODUCT PATTERNS :-It includes the income group of family
members and their purchase rate according to the product.
 CULTURAL FACTORS :-The society regulates buying and use
of the product or service to particular sex, age class, religious
class or qualification level.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD
DESIGN

 REPAIRABILITY.
 MODULAR DESIGN.
 REDESIGNING CAPABILITY.
 RELIABILITY.
 MAINTAINABILITY.
 MINIATURISATION.
 WIRES AND TUBING.
 DESIGN BY COMPUTERS.
 WARRANTIES.
 DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS.