Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)

xDSL Family Tree

xDSL


Symmetric DSL Provide identical data rates upstream &

downstream

Asymmetric DSL
Provide relatively lower rates upstream but higher rates downstream

Four main variations of xDSL exist:

   

ADSL-Asymmetrical Digital Subs Line HDSL-High bit/data rate Digital Subs Line VDSL-Very-high-data-rate Digital Subs Line IDSL-ISDN Digital Subs Line
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ADSL
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Used for applications which require greater download bandwidth but require relatively little in opposite direction like Web browsing; File downloads An ADSL circuit connects an ADSL modem on each end of a twisted pair telephone line creating three information channels
  

A high speed downstream channel A medium speed duplex channel A basic telephone service channel
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ADSL
Allows simultaneous access to the line by the telephone and the computer In case of power/ADSL failure, data transmission is lost but basic telephone service will be operational Can work up to a distance of 3.7 to 5.5 kms depending upon the speed required
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ADSL
Data Rate - Wire Size Distance
Data Rate 1.5-2.0 Mbps 1.5-2.0 Mbps 6.1 Mbps 6.1 Mbps Wire Size 0.5 mm 0.4 mm 0.5 mm 0.4 mm Distance 18000 Feet 15000 Feet 12000 Feet 9000 Feet 5.5 Kms 4.6 Kms 3.7 Kms 2.7 Kms

RADSL
Rate-Adaptive DSL Is a form of ADSL Automatically configures the modem at startup to adjust its rate according to the quality of phone line Supports a maximum of 1088 kbps
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ADSL Deployment Today

Home/Office
ADSL

Curb

Central Office

CPE
Splitter
POTS

ADSL up to 5Km

Data switch

2 wire
DSLAM SHDSL (PAM16) up to 5Km

SHDSL

2 wire
Voice Switch

DSL Technologies Evolution of Network

Home/Office
ADSL CPE

C r

Central Office

ADSL up to 5Km
S litter
POTS

SHDSL (PAM16) up to 10Km 4-wire SHDSL VoDSL

DSLAM

SHDSL IAD

VOICE
IP Phone POTS

Voice Switch
S litter VDSL IAD VDSL up to 1.5Km

ONU

Fiber

OLT

IP Phone

Multicast Fiber
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TV

HDSL
High bit/data rate DSL Can be viewed as equivalent of PCM stream Offers the same bandwidth both upstream and downstream Can work up to a distance of 3.66 to 4.57 kms depending upon the speed required Can deliver 2048 kbps
 

On 2 phone lines, each line carrying 1168 kbps On 3 phone lines, each line carrying 784 kbps
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HDSL
No provision exists for voice because it uses the voice band HDSL-2 is proposed as next generation HDSL over single phone line  Requires more aggressive modulation, shorter distance and better phone line
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SDSL
Symmetric Digital Subscriber Line Rate adaptive version of HDSL Does not support analog calls Works up to 3.7 kms on 0.5 mm dia cable Affordable alternative to dedicated leased lines SHDSL-Symmetric High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line is an further improvement over HDSL/SDSL and uses single phone line
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VDSL
Very-high Data-rate DSL Also known as BDSL Originally named VADSL (A Asymmetric) but was later extended to support both symmetric & asymmetric Requires one phone line Supports voice & data Works between 0.3-1.37 kms depending on speed
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VDSL
Upstream data rate of 1.6-2.3 mbps Downstream data rate of 13-52 mbps Data Rate - Wire Size Distance
Downstream 12.96 Mbps 25.82 Mbps 51.84 Mbps Upstream 1.6-2.3 mbps 1.6-2.3 mbps 1.6-2.3 mbps Distance 4500 Feet 3000 Feet 1000 Feet 1.37 Kms 0.91 Kms 0.30 Kms

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IDSL
ISDN DSL-a hybrid DSL/ISDN solution Works over existing ISDN connection Increases ISDN speed from 128 kbps to 144 kbps

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What is a Cable Modem?

PLC

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The Distribution System

Getting beyond the transformer

Insert Power Line Carrier at middle voltage

Backhaul to NAP (fiber, DSL, wireless, satellite)

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Requirement at Customer End

BSNLs BFone Computer of minimum configuration, with 10/100 Mbps Ethernet Card DSL Modem + Splitter PPPoE software to be loaded in the Client Broadband Account (Username and Password)
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UT- 300R ADSL CPE

Product Features One RJ 45 and One RJ-11 ports available Supports ANSI T1.413, G.DMT and G.LITE Supports swappable Bridge and Router mode Supports IP routing and NAT/NAPT function Supports DHCP server and dynamic allocation of IP address Built-in IP filter and access logs High reliability, easy operation and low power consumption Web based configuration and monitoring Interoperable with other DSLAM
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How to connect Multiple Telephones

(1)
(2)&(3) (4) ,(6) & (7) (5) (8)

Phone Socket
Phone

RJ-11 Tel cable Splitter Phone Jack

Circuit Diagram of A POTS Splitter

DSL

highpass filter

LINE

Splitter Separates the 300 Hz to 3500 Hz voice channel from upstream and downstream channels Reduces traffic congestion Pass voice, dial tone, ringing and on/off hook signals Consists of a lowpass filter (LPF) for POTS and a highpass filter (HPF) for upstream/downstream channels Passive device Contains lighting protection circuitry
lowpass filter

TELE

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CPE Installation
IP Address is allocated to PC By BRAS

Bridge Mode
CPE
DSLAM

T2 Switch T1 Switch PPPoE Session

BRAS

IP Address is allocated to CPE By BRAS

CPE
DSLAM

Router Mode

NAT
IP Address is allocated to PC By CPE

T2 Switch T1 Switch PPPoE Session

BRAS

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Multi User Customer

ADSL Port on DSLAM Should allow that many MAC addresses

Bridge Mode

CPE

DSLAM

T2 Switch T1 Switch Switch

BRAS

Multi User Customer

IP Address is allocated to PCs By BRAS

If a user is allowed to login multiple sessions with BRAS with same password, every machine esta lishes a separate PPPoE Session with BRAS. Every machine Gets full andwidth for that account provided CPE DSLAM Link supports that.

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Multi User Customer

Router Mode
NAT
CPE
DSLAM

T2 Switch Switch PPPoE Session

T1 Switch

BRAS

Multi User Customer

IP Address is allocated to PCs By CPE

In this mode PPPoE is configured on CPE and only One session is esta lished etween CPE and BRAS. CPE gets IP Address from BRAS. DHCP in CPE Allocates IP addresses to machines. In this case all The machines share the andwidth allowed for that Account. CPE has to do NAT also.

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IP DSLAM
Universal Slots (1 16) 16 ICM Slots 1 B A P-Slot PCU Fan Fuses Ext. Alarm Power In

Chassis Ground

Integrated Splitter Shelf

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DSL Technologies
Technology ADSL Splitterless ADSL ADSLExtended Bandwidth 2 Wire High-Speed DSL 4 Wire High-Speed DSL Very High-speed DSL Very High-speed DSL ITU-T Standard G-992.1 G-992.2 G-992.5 G-991.2 G-991.2 G-993.1 G-993.1 Distance 3.5 Kms 4.0 Kms 1.5 Kms 3.0 Kms 3.0 Kms 300 Mts 700 Mts Downstream Data Rate 8 Mbps 1.5 Mbps 16 Mbps 2312 Kbps 4624 Kbps 52 Mbps 26 Mbps Upstream Data Rate 640 Kbps 512 Kbps 100 Kbps 2312 Kbps 4624 Kbps 6-26 Mbps 26 Mbps

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NIB-II Broadband DSL Deployment

Ex Side

Telco Switch

MDF

Line Side
Normal Line DSL Line Normal Line Normal Line Normal Line DSL Line

DSL Line Normal Line

POTS

Line

Internet

GE/FE

DSLAM
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Customer Premises Installation

Line RJ 11

Splitter
RJ 11 RJ 11

RJ 11

ADSL

RJ 45

Single User with Voice and Data

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Customer Premises Installation

Line RJ 11

Splitter
RJ 11

RJ 11 RJ 11 RJ 45

ADSL
RJ 45

Single User with Voice, Data and Video

STB

RJ 45

AV Port

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Customer Premises Installation

Line RJ 11

Splitter
RJ 11

RJ 11 ADSL RJ 45

Switch

Multi user Business Customer

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ADSL POTS Splitter

DSL
High pass filter

Low pass filter

Telephone

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