Indian Nationalism

Meaning:
A feeling
The Phases of National

of oneness, togetherness

and common consiousness based on political, historical, religious, linguistic, cultural factors. It evokes collective consciousness of fellowship.

Movement 1. The Moderate Phase (18851905) 2. The Extremists phase (19051919) 3. The Final Phase (1919-1947)

Factors: Growth of Indian Nationalism

1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

The Revolt of 1857 The tribal and peasant movement The Imperialistic attitude of the British Economic Exploitation Racial Discrimination Cultural and Religious movements Literature of Protests and Patriotism Progress of Science

Factors: Growth of Indian Nationalism

9. Press and Public opinion development 10. Repressive Policy of Lord Lytton 11. Ilbert Bill Controversy

Factors
Though the revolt had failed it had

created a feeling of discontent and hatred among the Indians towards the British. Indians became conscious of nationalism

The Revolt of 1857

 System of Zamindari exploited.

Farmers became landless labourers. Uprisings of the Santals, the indigo

The Tribal and Peasant Movement

cultivators or the maratha peasant.

Factors

 The British had established a strong

hold over the whole of India National sentiments grew against the British.

3. The Imperialistic attitude of the British

Factors

 Economic Exploitation:

- Free trade Policy

- Finished goods market - Taxes

Factors

- Land revenue policies

- Forced to grow cash crops Racial Discrimination: - Indians discriminated on grounds of colour. - Contempt towards Indians. - Discrimination in every aspect- Trains, law, trade - Condescending attitude.

Unifying features of British Rule

Factors
- British Administration
- English a common language - Influence of western thought
-Improved communication.

Cultural and Religious Movements: -Liberation of thought fostered a spirit of enquiry and a rational

approach.
-Growth of Intelligensia.

 Literature of Protest and Patriotism

- Bankim Chandra
- Swami Vivekanand - Bal Gangadhar Tilak Progress of science

Factors

-Medicine Engineering colleges (roorki, Kolkata) -Agriculture - Veterinary Science

 Developing of Press and Public Opinion

- Papers in Vernacular (Mumbai, Bengal,

Madras) - Press reflected public opinion, often against the British.

Rediscovery of Indias Past: - William Jones

Factors

- Max Muller
- Marshall and Ranade made Indians proud of

ancient cultures and Philosophy.

 Repressive Policy of Lord Lytton:

-Max. age limit for ICS from 21 19 - Grand Delhi Durbar of 1877 - Vernacular Press Act - Indians Arms Act

Factors

 Ilbert Bill Controversy

- Putting Indian judges at par with their

British counterparts (Bengal presidency) - Indians to try Europeans who were accused of crimes (which was not possible before) - However the europeans didnt like this and pressurised to withdraw (case of racialism). - INC was the political precipitation of the Ilbert Bill.

Factors

Political Associations
Society for the Promotion of National Feeling

among the Educated Natives of Bengal.

The Hindu Mela (Nabagopal Mitra) London Indian Society ( Pherozeshah Mehta,

Badraudding Tayabji, W C Bannerji and Manmohan Ghosh directed by Dadabhai Naoroji

East Indian Association(1866) by Dadabhai

Naoroji

Political Associations before INC

1867 National Indian Association by

Mary Carpenter
Indian Society by Anand Mohan Bose Poona Sarva janik Sabha by Justice

Ranade

Political Associations
East Indian Association Dadabhai Naoroji

Indian National Association Surendranath

Banerjee

Political Associations
Poona Sarvajanik Sabha

Justice Ranade

Indian National Congress

A. O. Hume

 Formation of Indian National Congress

Many leaders thought of starting an all-India organization. - Retired British Civil servant Allan Octavian Hume coordinated the formation. - An organization called Indian National Union was set up in 1884 later changed to Indian National Congress. - Its prominent leaders were Dadabhai Naoroji, Pherozshah Mehta, Badruddin Tyabji and others. - Its first session was on 28 Dec.1885 at Mumbai.

OBJECTIVES
To promote friendly relations between

nationalist political workers from different parts of the country. To develop and consolidate the felings of INDIAN national unity irrespective of caste, colour and creed. NATIONAL CONGRESS To formulate and assess popular demands and present them before the govt. To train and organise public opinion in the country.

SURENDRANAT H BANERJEE 1876