Lecture 4

Computer Software and OS

Chapter Contents

Software Basics Popular Applications Buying Software Installing Software and Uninstalling Security Software

Chapter 3: Computer Software

Software Categories

Chapter 3: Computer Software

Categories of software: Layering

The hardware is the center The system software operating system

Controls the hardware and supports the application Supports GUI (graphics user interfaces) Controls communications

Development software tools for creating applications

Programming languages Database management software

Applications software The big area

Chapter 3: Computer Software

Operating System Activities

An operating system is a type of system software that acts as the master controller for all activities that take place within a computer system

User Interfaces

The combination of hardware and software that helps people and computers communicate with each other

Chapter 4: Operating Systems and File Management

The Boot Process

Where is the Os stored? During the boot process, the operating system kernel is loaded into RAM

The kernel provides essential operating system services

Your computers small bootstrap program is built into special ROM circuitry housed in the computers system unit
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Todays Operating Systems

UNIX and Linux
Microsoft Windows

Mac OS

Handheld OS DOS

Utility Software

Utility software (a type of system software) is designed to help you monitor and configure settings for your computer system equipment, the operating system, or application software A desktop widget is a specialized utility program that appears on a computers screen-based desktop

Chapter 3: Computer Software

Device Drivers

A device driver is software that helps a peripheral device establish communication with a computer This types of system software is used by printers, monitors, graphic cards, sound cards, network cards, modems, storage devices, mice and scanners. Windows Device Manager
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Question

Just about everyone has used iTunes software to download music. iTunes software also allows you to list the songs youve downloaded, delete songs, find songs, and organize your music into play lists. These features of iTunes are similar to what type of software? A. Word processing software B. Spreadsheet software C. Database software D. Groupware
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Application Software

Productivity software can be defined as any type of application software that has the potential to help people do their work more efficiently Groupware is designed to help several people collaborate on a single project using local networks or Internet connections
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Popular Applications
Document Production Software Spreadsheet Software Number Crunching Software Database Software Graphics Software Music Software Video Editing and DVD Authoring Software Educational Software Entertainment Software Business Software

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Question

Suppose you purchase a new computer and it comes with Microsoft Office installed. After using this software for 30 days, it displays a message indicating that to keep using it, you will have to pay. This software is an example of all of the following EXCEPT: A. Proprietary software B. Open source software C. Commercial software D. Demoware
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Consumer Basics
Should I use the apps and utilities that come with the OS? Most operating systems include a handful of small applications and a good variety of useful utility software

What is the advantages of software suite? A software suite is a collection of application software sold as a single package

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Chapter 3: Computer Software

Consumer Basics
Where I can get the software?? Available in many types of stores including office stores, computer superstores, electronic stores. Today, most software is sold online from the software publisher website Software contained on distribution media one or more CSs or DVDs that are packaged in the box with instruction manual. Make sure your computer meets the system requirements

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Chapter 3: Computer Software

Software Copyrights and Licenses

A copyright is a form of legal protection that grants the author of an original work exclusive rights to copy, distribute, sell and modify that work.

Copyright notice

Software licenses, also called license agreements, define the ways in which you may use a computer program

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Single-user limits use to one person at time Site can be used on all comp at specific location Multiple-user priced per user and allows the allocated
number of people use the software

Concurrent priced per copy and allows a specific number

per copies can be used at the same time

Shrink-wrap
Chapter 3: Computer Software

Software Copyrights and Licenses

EULA (End-User License Agreement) displayed on the screen when first install software. Different types of software licenses

Public domain not protected by copyright because has expired or author has place the program in the public domain making it avalilabale without restriction Proprietary restricted on it use that are delineated by copyright, patents and licence agreement Commercial software sold in computer store or at web site Demoware distributed for free and often comes pre-installed on new computers but limited until you pay it trial version Shareware- copyrighted software marketed under a try-before you buy policy distributed by independent programmers. Freeware copyrighted software available for free, Open source sold and distributed free of charge with available source code can be modify to improve the software. Ex. Linux, Open Office Two most common open Source and free software license : BSD originated as the Berkeley Software 18 Distribution license for UNIX-like OS Chapter 3: Computer Software GPL (General Public License) developed for

TEST YOURSELF
1.

2.

3.

Most computer operating systems include some applications and ________ software for file compression, editing text and making backups Open office and Linux are examples of ______ source software that can legally modified and redistributed. _______ law allows you to make an extra, or backup, copy of software as long as you do not defeat any copy protection mechanisms

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Chapter 3: Computer Software

Installation Basics

Uninstalling Software

Software installation is a process that places a program into a computer so that it can be run or executed. Software requires many files.

Uninstall routines delete the softwares files from the various folders on your computers hard disk

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Chapter 3: Computer Software

Question

Lets assume that you have antivirus software installed on your computer and it is up to date. You can trust it to do a pretty good job of protecting your computer from viruses and: A. Bots, worms, Trojans, keyloggers, and rootkits B. RATs, spoofs, and defective Web apps C. Operating system security holes D. Fake e-commerce sites

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Security Software Basics

Security software is designed to protect computers from various forms of destructive software and unauthorized intrusions The terms malicious software and malware refer to any computer program designed to secretly enter a computer, gain unauthorized access to data, or disrupt normal processing operations A blended threat describes malware that combines more than one type of malicious program

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Chapter 3: Computer Software

Computer virus set of program instructions that attaches itself to a file, reproduces itself and spreads to other file Computer worm

Mass-mailing worm called Ackantta is hidden in an attachment to an e-mail message thats a fake twitter invitation. Clicking the attachment activates the worm

Trojan horse - impostorsfiles that claim to be something desirable but, in fact, are malicious.

Keylogger Remote Access Trojan (RAT)

Bot any software that can automate a task when commanded to do so.

Zombie bad bots because carries out instruction from malicious Botnet the person who controls many bot-infested computers can link them together into network

Spyware type of program that secretly gathers personal information without the victims knowledge, usually for advertising and other commercial purposes
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Antivirus Modules

Antivirus software is a type of utility software that looks for and eradicates viruses, Trojan horses, worms, and bots

A virus signature is a section of program code, such as a unique series of instructions, that can be used to identify a known malicious program, much as a fingerprint is used to identify an individual Virus signatures and other information that antivirus software uses to identify and eradicate malware is stored in one or more files usually referred to as virus definitions A(n) _____ is a section of program code that can be used to identify a known malicious program.
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Summary

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Chapter 3: Computer Software

TEST YOURSELF
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

7. 8.

9.

Word processing software and operating systems are examples of application software. Spreadsheets are classified as utility software. The software you install to help a printer communicate with a computer is called a device driver. A EULA is a license agreement that specifies how to legally use a software product. Open source software is public domain. The Windows Registry is a database that keeps track of a computers peripheral devices, software, preferences, and settings. Downloaded software is usually zipped to decrease download time. A software worm can replicate itself. Botnets offer effective security protection from spyware.
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SCL QUESTIONS
1.

Determine advantages and disadvantages of each operating systems: Mac OS, Windows Vista or 7, Unix , Linux, Ubuntu Which one do you think would be the best for a student. Justify your answer. Your college has decided to negotiate with software publishers to offer students a bundled of software package at a greatly discounted price. Your group job is to select the 15 software product for bundle. Your group must make sure the software effectively meets the major needs of students at your school. Use the internet resources to look at the range of software available and make your selections. Arrange your final list into categories like those in Figure3-1 (slide 3) What is an open source software? Why does its popularity increases in these past few years? State 5 most popular open source software in your opinion and compare it with its proprietary software counterpart (e.g. Open Office versus Microsoft Office). (2xA4, Times New Roman, size 12, 1 or 2 spacing, justify, hand in by next lab)

2.

3.

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Chapter 3: Computer Software