GUIDED BY:GAYATRI NAYAK LECTURER

CONTENTS
o Introduction
o Diamond chip o Carbon nanotubes

o Carbon features
o Carbon transistor o Advantages o Limitation

INTRODUCTION
o Electronics without silicon is unbelievable
o Today, we are using silicon for the manufacturing

of Electronic Chip

o But, it has many disadvantages such as being

bulky in size, slow in operating speed etc group in the periodic table

o Carbon, Silicon and Germanium belong to the same

WHAT IS DIAMOND CHIP? HOW IS IT POSSIBLE?

oDiamond chip is nothing but carbon chip. o Carbon chip is an electronic chip

manufactured on a diamond structural carbon wafer. oit is possible through doping process

Source:www.seminarprojects.com
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WHAT IS A CARBON NANOTUBE?

o Carbon nanotubes were

Invented in 1991 o It is a nanosize cylinder of carbon atoms o They are made of one or several concentric walls in which carbon atoms are arranged in hexagonal pattern
Source:www.technologyreview.com
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HOW NANOTECHNOLOGY WORKS?

o Imagine a sheet of carbon

atoms, which would look like a sheet of hexagons. o If we roll that sheet into a tube, we have a carbon nanotube. o Carbon nanotubes properties depend on how you roll the sheet.

Source:www.seminarprojects.com

CARBON FEATURES.
o Carbon will succeed silicon

as the predominate semiconducting material for the integrated circuits of the future. o Carbon--which sits just above silicon on the periodic table can surpass silicons abilities in thermal performance, frequency range and perhaps even superconductivity.
Source:www.technologyreview.com
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CARBON TRANSISTORS
o Transistors less than one-quarter

the size of the tiniest silicon ones - and potentially more efficient - can be made using sheets of carbon . o Graphene also conducts electricity faster than most materials since electrons can travel through in straight lines between atoms without being scattered.

Source:www.seminarprojects.com

TRANSISTORS
o Piece of graphene are placed on the top of silicon and position this over matallic grate. o Acid was used to dissolve the silicon, leaving graphene suspended across 500 nm gaps. o The ripples extend about 1 nm up and down and are around 25 nm across. It's not flat at all.
Source:www.technologyreview.com
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ADVANTAGES
o SMALLER COMPONENT
As the size is smallerit is possible to cut very smaller line through diamond structure carbon.

o FASTER THAN SILICON CHIPS

Mobility inside carbon is higher than that of silicon. As size of silicon is higher than that of carbon, the chance of collision of electrons ,with larger silicon atom increases as compared to carbon chips.

Source:www.seminarprojects.com

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ADVANTAGES
IT WORKS AT HIGHER TEMPERATURE At very high temperature crystal

structure of silicon will collapse

LARGER POWER HANDLING CAPACITY It is assumed that carbon transistor

will deliver one watt of power at rate of 100 GHZ

Source:www.seminarprojects.com
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LIMITATIONS
o MUCH MORE EXPANSIVE THAN SILICON A four-millimeter-square diamond substrate costs several tens of thousands of dollar compared to virtually nothing for silicon.
o ELECTRICITY CANNOT TRAVEL SMOOTHLY

THROUGH DIAMOND
Researches are seeking impurities that can be

added to aid electricity flow.

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CONCLUSION
o This chip would be most useful in devices located

near hot burning engines. o Diamond chip thus replaces the need of silicon in every aspect of future generation.

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REFERENCESS
o Diamond science and technology, volume- 1

o Chip technology

Jrg D. Hoheisel Technology & Engineering o Electro technology ,volume- 41 o www.chipcatelog.com o www.cpucollector.com

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THANK YOU

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