Vibration & Machine Design

(MCT-320)

Lecture 9 Machine Design - Clutches

Dr. Kashif Saeed

email: kashif.saeed@uet.edu.pk University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore.

MCT 320 Vibration & Machine Design

Objectives
Understand the Basics of Engineering Vibration Designing Bearings, Gears, Breaks and Clutches (Before Mid) (After Mid)

Text Book
Engineering Vibration by Daniel J. Inman Mechanical Engineering Design by Joseph E. Shigley

Reference Books
Mechanical Vibration by Singiresu S. Rao Vibration with Control by Daniel J. Inman. Machine Design An Integrated Approach by Robert L. Nortion

Clutches
What does Clutch means in English ?
Verb : Grasp or Seize Noun : A tight grasp

What is a mechanical Clutch ?

A clutch is a mechanical member used to connect a driving shaft to a driven shaft so that the driven shaft may be started or stopped at will.

Clutches
What can be possible applications of clutches ?
Clutches are used whenever the ability to limit the transmission of power or motion needs to be controlled either in amount or over time. Automobiles Electric screwdrivers

What kind of mechanism can be used to design a clutches ?

Two types : 1. Positive clutches 2. Friction clutches
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Clutches Positive Clutch

A clutch that consists of two surfaces with interconnecting elements, such as teeth, that lock together to prevent slipping. Used for positive drive Positive clutches are also known as mechanical lockup clutches.

What kind of Interconnecting elements can be designed ?

Clutches Positive Clutch

Clutches Friction Clutch

A mechanical clutch that transmits torque through surface friction between the faces of the clutch Used principally in the transmission of power of shafts and machines which must be started and stopped frequently.

What would be some principle design considerations ?

Frictional force should pickup and hold the load Heat of friction should be readily dissipated Reasonably uniform distribution of pressure
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Clutches Friction Clutch

MATERIAL

What kind of material should be used ?

High and Uniform coefficient of friction Not affected by moisture or oil Withstand high temperature High heat conductivity High resistance to wear

What is the most common material having all these properties ?

Cast Iron

Clutches Friction Clutch

MATERIAL

Modern clutches typically use a compound organic resin with copper wire facing or a ceramic material. A typical coefficient of friction used on a friction disc surface is 0.35 for organic and 0.25 for ceramic

Clutches Friction Clutch

TYPES
Many types, Most Common being : Disc or Plate Clutch

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Clutches Friction Clutch

TYPES
Many types, Most Common being : Disc or Plate Clutch Cone Clutch

The cone clutch transfers a higher torque than plate or disk clutches of the same size due to the wedging action and increased surface area.

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Clutches Friction Clutch

TYPES
Many types, Most Common being : Disc or Plate Clutch Cone Clutch Centrifugal Clutch
A centrifugal clutch is a clutch that uses centrifugal force to connect two concentric shafts, with the driving shaft nested inside the driven shaft
As the load increases, the speed drops, disengaging the clutch, letting the speed rise again and reengaging the clutch.

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Clutches Friction Clutch

DESIGN PLATE OR DISC CLUTCH How to Design a Plate or Disc Clutch ?
Every machine should fulfill certain requirements

What are the requirements that a Plate or Disc Clutch should fulfill?
Transmit a certain amount of power Or Deliver a certain amount of torque at a given speed

What are the unknowns that are to be calculated ?

Dimensions Pressure
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Clutches Friction Clutch

DESIGN PLATE OR DISC CLUTCH

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