IMPLEMENTATION OF LONG TERM EVOLUTION PHYSICAL LAYER

P.C.Vijay Ganesh 9910114015 Guided by: Dr. T. Arivoli Visiting Faculty KLU

ABSTRACT

Mobile broadband is becoming a reality. Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and WiMax with data rate of 100Mbps Round-trip time is less than 10ms LTE supports flexible carrier bandwidths.

LTE supports both FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) and TDD

(Time Division Duplex)

To implement LTE Downlink With 2x2 MIMO

INTRODUCTION
Generation Throughput 1G 2G 2.5G 3G 14.4 Kbps 9.6/14.4 Kbps 171.2 Kbps, 20-40 Kbps 3.1 Mbps , 500-700 Kbps 14.4 Mbps 1-3 Mbps 100-300 Mbps, 3-5 Mbps Technology AMPS,NMT,TACS TDMA,CDMA GPRS CDMA 2000 (1xRTT, EVDO) UMTS, EDGE HSPA WiMax, LTE, Wi-Fi When was it around 1970 - 1980 1990 - 2000 2001 - 2004 2004 - 2005

3.5G 4G

2006 - 2010 Now

OBJECTIVE

Design and implement a subset of the Physical Layer of LTE as per the specification of 3rd Generation Partnership Project.

Designing a digital baseband transceiver.

DownLink 2x2 MIMO Broadcast

IMPLEMENTATION METHOD

Designing and verification of modules in LTE Downlink Integration of modules Simulink , Xilinx System Generator for simulation

DL LTE Transmitter
CRC
Coding Rate matching Scrambler Modulation IFFT Resource mapping Cyclic Prefix Reference Signals

DL LTE Receiver
Remove Cyclic Prefix CRC

FFT Viterbi de-coding Resource de mapping Channel Estimator De - Rate matching

Equalizer

De-Modulation

Scrambler

MODULE SPLIT UP
CRC Coding
Rate Matching Scrambler Modulation Resource Mapping OFDMA Generator

CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CHECK

16 bit and 24 bit CRC 16 bit polynomial

X16+X12+X5+1 Used PBCH, PDCCH,SSS

24 bit polynomial

X24+X23+X6+X5+1 Used for CRC in PDSCH

CODING

Convolution Coding 1/3 rate

Din

D D0k D1k D2k

RATE MATCHING

Interleaving three bit from Convolution Coding D0k, D1k,D2k Collection of Bits Generate Circular Buffer
Sub Block Interleaver Sub Block Interleaver V0k

D0k

D1

V1k

Bit Collection

Wk

Circular Buffer

Ek

D2

Sub Block Interleaver

V2k

SCRAMBLER

Pseudo-random sequence of length 31 C(n) = (X1(n) + X2(n)) mod 2 X1(n) = (X1(n+3) + X1(n)) mod 2 X2(n) = (X2(n+3)+X2(n+2)+X2(n+1)+X2(n))mod 2

Initial condition

X1(0) = 1 Else X1(n) = 0

Cinit = X2(i).2i i=0.30

X2(n) depends on cell identity

SCRAMBLER

X1(n)

X2(n)

C(n)

Din

Dout

MODULATION

QPSK 16 QAM 64 QAM

Layer Mapping

Equal to Antenna Port Separate into odd and even symbols Y0(n) = M(2i) and Y1(n) = M(2i+1); i = 0.n

Y0(i) M(n) Layer Mapping Pre Coding

Y1(i)

Pre coding

Code book for pre coding Code book for antenna port {0,1}

Index

Layer 1

1/2[1 -1]T
1/2[1 -j]T

Layer2 1 1 1/2 [ ] 1 1 1 1/2 [ 1 ]

Reference Signals

Cell Specific Reference Signals

Transmitted in all Downlink sub frame.P1 One or several antenna port (0 to 3)

P0

P0

P1

P1

P0

P0 0

P1 6

Synchronization Signal

Primary synchronization signal

Zadeoff-chu sequence D(n) = e(-j( D(n) = e(-j( U = 25 occupies symbol 6 of slot #0 and slot #10
( + 1)/63) )

n= 0,1.30 n = 31,32. 61

( + 1)( + 2)/63) )

Secondary Synchronization signal

Contains System information Block Occupies symbol 5 of slot #0 and slot #10

RESOURCE MAPPING
1 0 1 0

Primary Sync. Signal

Secondary Sync. Signal

PBCH Signal Reference Signal

DTX

0 0

1 13

OFDMA Generation
Tcp

Rn

OFDM IFFT

Tu

Tcp + Tu

Cyclic Insertion

LTE FDD Frame Structure

LTE FDD Frame Structure

In LTE the timing definitions are defined in multiples of base time unit Ts = 1/(15k * FFT(N))

Ts = 32.552 ns for FFT size of 2048 The time intervals can thus also be expressed as Tframe = 307 200 * Ts, For frame ( 10 ms) Tsubframe = 30 720 * Ts, for subframe (1 ms) and Tslot = 15 360 * Ts for slot (0.5 ms)

Receiver

Implementation of CRC

Result

TOOLS

Matlab Simulink

Designing the model for Downlink of LTE

Xilinx ISE

Synthesis model/ HDL code

Modelsim

Simulating model/HDL code

ACTION PLAN
MONTH WEEK 1st & 2nd 3rd & 4th 1st & 2nd 3rd & 4th 1st & 2nd WORK PLANNED July July August August September Discussion of area and title Study of Specification Downlink module Analysis Designing of CRC & Channel Coding Design of Rate matching and Segmentation

September
October October

3rd & 4th

1st & 2nd 3rd & 4th

Design of Scrambler and modulation

Design of Layer and antenna mapping Integration of above Blocks and functional testing

LITERATURE SURVEY

L. Chen, W. Chen, B. Wang, X. Zhang, H. Chen, and D. Yang, SystemLevel Simulation Methodology and Platform for Mobile Cellular Systems, IEEE Communications Magazine, 2011, pp. 148-155.

Unified modeling of WiMax and LTE. Object driven method and verify with standards

G. Piro, L.A. Grieco, G. Boggia, F. Capozzi, and P. Camarda, Simulating LTE Cellular Systems : An Open-Source Framework, IEEE Transactions on VEHICULAR Technology, vol. 60, 2011, pp. 498-513.

Complete performance verication of LTE networks.

LITERATURE SURVEY

J.C. Ikuno, M. Wrulich, and M. Rupp, System level simulation of LTE networks, Vehicular Technology Conference, 2010, pp. 1-5.

performance of the Downlink Shared Channel of LTE SISO and MIMO using Matlab.

LITERATURE SURVEY
[1] 3GPP, TS 36.211 Physical Channel and Modulation, (Release 10),2011. [2] 3GPP, TS 36.212 Multiplexing and Channel coding , V 10.1.0 (Release 10), 2011. [3] J.S. Erik Dahlman, Stefan Parkvall, 4G LTE/LTE-Advanced for Mobile Broadband, Academic [4] Press, 2011. New 2009. V10.1.0

Farooq Khan, LTE for 4G Mobile Broadband, York, USA: Cambridge University Press,

LITERATURE SURVEY
[5] Erik Dahlman, Stefan Parkvall, Johan and Per Beming, 3G EVOLUTION : HSPA AND LTE FOR MOBILE BROADBAND, second edition, Acadamic Press, 2008. [6] Long Term Evolution Protocol Overview, freescale white paper, 2007. [7] Daniel Garsia-Alis, Lian Strling and Bob Stewart, Introduction to LTE , Steepest Assent Ltd, 2009. [8] LTE standard, Overview of 3GPP Release 8 V0.1.0, 2010;

Thank You