Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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TO PROVIDE AN UNDERSTANDING OF ORGANISATIONS AND THEIR ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS. DEVELOP PRACTICAL SKILLS NECESSARY TO PERFORM ADMINISTRATIVE DUTIES. ALSO TO PREPARE FOR FURTHER STUDY IN RELATED AREAS.
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GENERAL AIMS
Understand the features of an organisation. Appreciate the impact of the factors which affect an organisation. Understanding financial aspects of Business Organisations Appreciating legal aspects of organisations. Undertaking stock control duties Process business documents accurately and 4/28/12 efficiently.
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Assessment
Assignment 1. 30% - Collect, present relevant information . Analyse an organisation. Discuss range of issues in relation to organisation and present your findings. Assignment 2. 30% - Processing documents correctly, accurately and using appropriate letters. Exam 40% answer 4/5 questions
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Sources of Reference
Hildebrandt & Murphy 1991 Organisational Behaviour Hellriegel, Slocum, Woodman 1995 The Interpersonal Communication Book De Vito 1992 Business Administration Douglas 2008 Modern Business Administration
www.retailexcellence.ie
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IDENTIFY DIFFERENT TYPES OF ORGANISATIONS IDENTIFY DIFFERENT FEATURES OF ORGANISATIONS LIST DEPARTMENTS WITHIN ORGANISATIONS DESIGN AN ORGANISATION CHART LIST ENVIORNMENTAL FEATURES THAT IMPACT ORGANISATIONS
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IDENTIFY MAIN FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT EXPLAIN IMPORTANCE OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION EXPLAIN THE NEED FOR QUALITY OUTLINE QUALITY CONTROL TECHNIQUES LIST QUALITY AWARDS
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Time Out
For your interest learn something new about yourself. VAK questionnaire
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Back to Work!
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1.1 To identify different types of organisation 1.2 look at distinguishing features of each organisation type 1.3 list the different departments in an organisation and discussed their role. 1.4 Identify and design an organisation chart.
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What is an Organisation?
A system of Co-operative Human ActivitiesBernard Organising involves dividing up tasks, allocating tasks best, coordinating and monitoring to achieve agreed aims. As we learn more about organisations please consider what type of organisation appeals to you and why. Whats it like to work in different organisations? What is Business? Please Discuss.
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Sole Trader Partnerships Private limited Companies Public Limited Companies Charities Co Operatives Partnerships Semi-State Bodies Government Bodies
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Societies
Unity of purpose and Command everyone knows who they are answerable to. Amount of Delegation A high level of dividing up responsibilities leads to more levels. Size of Organisation The larger the organisation, the taller the shape as a greater division of work and delegation is required. Number and type of Employees The larger the organisation the greater the number of levels of authority. Span of Control One Superior and a varying number of subordinates. The wider the span, the fewer the levels of authorityA narrow span will create a tall structure
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FORMAL
Designed to achieve a specific goal Division of responsibilities to specific groups Clear chains of authority, delegation, communication e.g. Banks, Colleges 2. INFORMAL Operates alongside formal framework More Flexible and Spontaneous Social Groups form informally to get things done Q. Which of the following structures in your opinion is more efficient?
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DISADVANTAGES :
Communication Problems (Both vertical and horizontal) Too many levels More informal, less friendly
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QUICK COMMUNICATION (VERTICAL ONLY) TOP MANAGEMENT CLOSER TO GROUND TO ENSURE PRODUCTIVITY GREATER PERSONAL CUSTOMER ATTENTION
DISADVANTAGES :
LESS SPECIALISATION SMALLER ECONOMIES OF SCALE LOWER TURNOVER, GROWTH CAPABILITIES RESTRICTED
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Features/Characteristics of each. What types of activities do Organisations engage in? Advantages/Disadvantages of each.
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Fast Decision making ability no consultations needed. Keeps all profits, no profit share. Flexible hours, control over time. No industrial relations issues. Promotes customer loyalty with friendly personal service Suits family-run business.
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Unlimited Liability He/She is personally liable for all debts and the business is not a separate legal entity. Higher Trading costs no bulk buying discounts leading to higher selling prices. This can lead to a reduction in sales. More Limited Sources of finance Expertise required in all areas Administration overload may lead to tax liabilities
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Loans from financial institutions e.g. Commercial mortgage Long term Business Loan Medium term Personal Savings Hire Purchase (for equipment) Suppliers Credit terms (30 days) Overdraft Short term Credit Card Short term
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A Definition
An association of two or more partners who take part in a common undertaking. They share profits and risk.
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1. 2. 3. 4.
An association of two or more who take part in a common undertaking Features of Partnerships Must register u Business Names Act 1963
Safety, Health and Welfare and Work Act applies Accounts must be kept in order Deed of Partnership drawn up or covered under agreement Partnership act 1890 -equal share of profits/losses - no new partners without all consent Disputes to be settled by majority Equal access to accounts/profits calculated before loan interest.
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Advantages of Partnerships
Greater Capital and Size Greater Specialisation and range of talents/synergy Division of and reduction in liability of debt Consultative decision makingtwo heads Privacy as accounts not published Still able to give customer service and gain loyaltygoodwill
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Disadvantages of Partnerships
Unlimited Liability (unless a ltd partner) so partners may be financially liable. Not a Separate legal entity so owners can be sued personally Decisions maybe slower and cause inefficiencies Automatic Dissolution on Death (insurance) No new partners unless full agreement could lead to slower growth
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Explain the difference between active, sleeping and quasi partners. Why would a partnership dissolve?
When a partner dies what procedure follows? Can you identify any partnerships operating locally in your area?
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Recap to date
Course Aims, Overview and Assesments Completed Learning Style Questionnaire What is an Organisation, Business, Business Administration? Listed the different Organisation type and Key Principles that dictate organisation type Identified Tall and Flat Organisation structures Discussed Features, Advantages, Disadvantages of Sole Traders (Video) and 4/28/12
Limited Liability Indicates that the company is a legal entity separate from the owners. Regarding debts, the company is sued, not the owners. Legally formed Memorandum of Association (General) Company name, objectives, office location signed and witnessed. Articles of Association (Specific) contain a list of internal rules of organisation wrt voting rights, powers and duties of directors and meeting procedures.
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Decide company name (check with CRO). Complete Forms A1, Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association forms Draw up documents legally Documents inspected by Registrar to check compliance with companies act 1983 Registrar issues a Certificate of Incorporation Commence Business with limited liability
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Must Satisfy following conditions Have a minimum of a quarter of the authorised capital offered to the public. Have a minimum market value Have a minimum number of shareholders. Have a good track record Have a minimum profit level Accept full disclosure of its operation wrt. Salaries, Profits and Strategies
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. . .
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1.3 LIST DEPARTMENTS WITHIN AN ORGANISATION. Nearly every organstion has 5 main functional areas. Making TECHNICAL Producing,
COMMERCIAL Buying, Selling FINANCIAL Getting Capital ACCOUNTING Controlling Finance MANAGERIAL Resources, People, Administration, Getting things done.
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TO ACHIEVE ORGANISATIONAL OBJECTIVES day to day and strategic. Administration The organising and running of a business or organisation Human Resources Managing people Production Making or adding value products or services Marketing Managing products, pricing, promotion and location
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THE IMPACT OF SIZE AND TYPE OF ORGANISATION AFFECTS AND RELATES TO:
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Friendly Societies
1. Industrial and Provident Societies Two Different Societies Types e.g. Dairy, Meat processing, Livestock, and Public Utility e.g. Water, Housing. Most of these are Co Operative Societies. 2. Credit Unions 3. Friendly Societies 4. Certain Trade union. The Co Operative movement was founded by Robert Owen in English town of Rochdale in 1900,s. The Rochdale Principles still govern the thinking of cooperative movements.
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Rochdale Principles
1.
Open Membership Anyone can join. Democratic rule One vote per person. Limited Return on Capital. Profit distributed to number of purchases. No Credit Cash sales only. Some Profit set aside for educational purposes. Neutral on political and religious issues.
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Features of Co-Operatives
Must registrar with Registrar of Friendly Societies. Need 8 or more people to form. One person one vote. Maximum agreed number of shares owned. Shares are non-transferable and must be sold back to coop. Profits to be distributed in proportion to members holdings. To compete many have become public companies e.g. Kerry and Avonmore formed Glanbia in 1977. Some Co Ops have retail outlets attached e.g. Thurles Cooperative Creamery ltd.
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Introduced in 1958 with a policy of self help. Formed under the Credit union act 1966 and Industrial and Provident Societies act 1978. Run by a voluntary board of directors. Non profit making aimed at promoting savings and offering reasonable rate loans. Must be registered with Registrar of Friendly Societies. One member one vote. Loans policy vary from one to another but usually based on savings records. Shares cannot be withdrawn until loan is paid off. Life Assurance cover
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Friendly Societies
Registered under the Friendly Societies Acts. E.G. Prison Officers Medical Aid, Kilkenny Archaeological Society and Chinese Society of Ireland
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Many register as friendly societies We will examine in more detail in unit 3 however there are 3 types Craft, White Collar and General.
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Charities
Non Profit making Exempt from VAT Receive Donations e.g. SVdeP, Trocarie, ConcernCaring Groups Give Advice and Counselling e.g. AA, The Samaritans
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What are the main different business organisation types? What are the purpose, aims and objectives of each? Sole Trader Unincorporated body, owned by one person. E.G. Some pubs, shops, restraunts. Partnerships Formed by Deed of partnership setting out conditions. E.G. Solicitors, Accountants, Dentists, Architects. Private limited Companies Similar in Formation and reporting to PLCs however no shares issued to public and no minimum share capital. Number of shareholders between two and fifty. E.G. Masterfoods, Dunnes Stores Public Limited Companies Incorporated under a Memorandum and Articles of Association. Has at least two directors (managers) appointed by shareholders (owners). Has statutory obligations. E.G. AIB, Glanbia
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Friendly Societies organisations registered with the Registrar of Friendly Societies e.g. Credit Unions, some Co operatives. State Bodies Totally funded by the Government e.g. Gardai, Army, Blood Bank. All are non trading. Trading Semi-State Bodies Offer a service you pay for e.g. Bord na Mona, Aer Lingus, Aer Rianta Bus Eireann , Irish Rail NonTrading Semi-State Bodies - Those who provide Advice, grants and Incentives. E.G. Residential Tenancies Board, IDA, FAS Charities and Voluntary organisations e.g Goal, ISPCC
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INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATION
POLITICAL Government - Wars Red tape ECONOMIC Credit Crunch Unemployment Globalisation labour costs SOCIAL Ethics Trends eg healthy options TECHNOLOGICAL Online trading/Internet
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SUMMARY TO DATE
1.1 We identified different types of organisation 1.2 We looked at distinguishing features of each organisation type 1.3 We listed the different departments in an organisation and discussed their role. 1.4 Designed and examined organisation charts 1.5 Discussed P.E.S.T. analysis
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