Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Waxes have a variety of uses in clinics and laboratories. In clinics In laboratories Boxing techniques
Bite registration
Alterations and adaptation for impression trays Direct waxing for cast restorations ____________
Baseplate for complete and partial dentures Hold components before articulation Indirect pattern for casting
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COMPOSITION
Synthetic waxes: Acrawax C, castorwax Additional components: gums, oils, resins, fats.
PROPERTIES
Melting range: a range of temperatures at which
each component of the wax will start to soften and then flow. The operator can control the viscosity of wax by controlling temperature. Flow: is the movement of the wax as molecules slip over each other. Melting range and flow of the wax are important in wax manipulation by operator. E.g. bite registration wax.
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PROPERTIES
Ductility: like flow, increases with increase in temperature.
Excess residue: for the sake of accuracy in the object produced, if excess residue remains after melted wax is removed, inaccuracies may occur. (lost wax technique procedure)
PROPERTIES
4. Dimensional change: waxes expand when heated, contract when cooled. Thermal expansion of waxes is highest among dental materials. This property is important especially for pattern waxes (e.g. inlay wax). How:
If wax is heated well beyond melting range or unevenly, unacceptable expansion occurs. If wax is allowed to stand for a long time, the release of residual stresses will lead to dimensional changes and inaccuracies. This is why pattern wax should be invested within 30 minutes of carving.
CLASSIFICATION OF WAXES
According to origin
Mineral Plant Insect Animal
According to use
Pattern wax
Inlay
Processing wax
Boxing
Impression wax
Corrective
impression
PATTERN WAXES
Used to form the general predetermined size and contour of an artificial dental restoration which is to be constructed of a more durable material as cast gold alloys, cobalt-chromium-nickel alloys.
Inlay
waxes: are
used to produce patterns for metal casting using the lost wax technique.
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When softened, the wax should be uniform. There should be no graininess or hard spots in the plastic material. The color should contrast with the die. A definite color contrast facilitates proper finishing of margins. There should be no flakiness or roughening of the surface when the wax is moulded after softening. The wax should not pull or chip during carving.
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During burnout(500C), it should vaporize completely without residue. The wax pattern should be completely rigid & dimensionally stable at all times until it is eliminated. It should be sufficiently plastic slightly above mouth temp. & become rigid when cooled at mouth temp.. The flow should be more than 75% at 45C & less than 1% at 37C.
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These waxes are supplied as pellets and sticks. They are blue and green in color. Hard, medium, soft depending on melting range.
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Composition:
Paraffin wax - 40-60% - main ingredient, establishes MP Gum dammar -1% - improves smoothness, inc. toughness Carnauba wax -25% - dec. flow at mouth temp., gives glossiness Candelilla wax Colouring agents
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Properties
Flow: type I : when heated at 45C,melts & flow well.cools & hardens at 37C. type II : it hardens at 30C. more suitable for laboratory work Thermal Properties: thermal conductivity: Low COTE: High.
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Wax Distortion: Most serious problem Due to release of stresses in the pattern. To avoid1.use warm instruments for carving. 2.minimal carving and change in temp 3.minimal storage of pattern. Invest immediately. 4. It cannot be totally eliminated.
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Baseplate wax:
sheets of wax pink in color. These sheets are layered to produce the form on which denture teeth are set
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Classification:
Type I: soft Type II: medium Type III: hard
Composition
80%
Ceresin
PROCESSING WAX
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IMPRESSION WAXES
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MANIPULATION
Added in layers into an object Should be invested within 30 minutes of carving Utility and boxing wax should remain dry to allow to stick when manipulated. Should be stored at or slightly below room temperature
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into high strength stone to form a die. Wax pattern is carved Wax or plastic sprue is attached to pattern Pattern and sprue are encased in investment ring, into which investment gypsum is poured Once investment sets, wax pattern and sprue are heated in a burnout oven, causing wax and sprue to vaporize (lost wax), leaving an impression of wax pattern in the empty case
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channel formed by sprue, into the empty wax pattern space. 7. Metal cools, sprue removed, casting cleaned and polished and now ready for cementation
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THANK YOU
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