PROJECT TITLE :

CONTROL OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE

BY USING DIGITAL MOTOR
PROTECTION RELAY
ABSTRACT:
 Oxygen gas plays a vital role in steel making process for that
purpose oxygen compressors are used. To drive this compressors
11MW/11KV synchronous motors are used. To protect this
motors relays are used.
 The protection usually provide for three phase motors, while
generally effective against overload and short circuit conditions
rarely taken in to full account the harmful effects of unbalanced
line currents.
 The motor protection relay measure the load current and
unbalanced current independently, and provide accurate
protection against thermal damage under all operating condition.
 Earlier electro magnetic relays are failed to give complete fault
record and history on protection parameters.
 General Features Of VSP:
 VSP is the only shore board integrated steel plant in our
country
 VSP is the home for several hurry industry in public

sectors like BHPV, Hindustan shipyard, HPCL etc.

VSP contains the following sections:

 Coke oven and coke chemical plant
 Sinter plant
 Blast furnace
 Steel melting shop
 Thermal power plant
 Air Separation Plant
 In ASP air is compressed to 6.4 Kscg(kg/cm)
 This air is pre cooled in air water to 100c
 This is air is passed through the main exchanger where it is
cooled to its due point and from the exchangers will be sent to
distillation column which would separate the air in to oxygen
nitrogen and argon.
 Not only the gaseous products liquid products such as liquid
oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon are also produced.
 SMS required 99.5% of oxygen for LD converter blowing
 64.47% of total nitrogen for blast furnace
 Synchronous Motor
 Induction motor have fixed stator winding that are electrically
connected to AC power
 In case of synchronous motor have fixed stator winding
electrically connected to the AC supply with separate source of
excitation
 Induction motor can be started by applying AC power to the
stator winding. But synchronous motor required special attention
to start because initially synchronous motor acts as a induction
motor
 when the synchronous motor is running at synchronous speed
it is possible to alter the PF by varying the excitation to the rotor
field
 Synchronous motor protection
 Figure highlights multiple functions used to monitor the
status of the synchronous motor.
 These devices includes field over and under current, motor
pullout protection and incomplete sequence.

 As the synchronous motor builts to rated speed some

maximum time is defined by the manufacture for the excitation
to be applied.
 If motor takes longer than the defined time, rotor squirrel cage
winding will over heat.
 Then the relay is set to trip the motor in time to protect the
squirrel cage winding.
 The lagging phase angles occurs when insufficient excitation
fails to provide the needed synchronising torque.
 The field under current relay monitors for insufficient field
current from the excitation.

Leading and Lagging Current as

Affected by
Field Excitation on the Synchronous
Motor
 CTMM Relay

Features:
 I2 conscious Thermal Protection.
 Selectable Thermal Characteristics
 Built-in Stalling protection with provision for external
control.
feed with instantaneous or time-delayed operation option
Sensitive earth fault protection suitable for either residual
or CBCT
Pre-trip alarm with adjustable pick up and time delay with
LED Indication.
. Auxiliary. supply supervision with Alarm & LED indication.
Built-in Load Indicator
Suitable for AC or DC Aux. Supplies.

Typical static motor protection relay front facia

 APPLICATION OF CTMM RELAY:
 Motor characteristics must be carefully considered when
applying protection.
 The protection usually provided for three phase motors
while generally effective against loads and short circuit
conditions.
 motor protection relay type CTMM & CTMFM measure
the load current and unbalanced current independently and
provide accurate protection against thermal damage under all
operating conditions.
 DIGITAL MOTOR PROTECTION RELAY
MICOM P220 TYPE
The motor protection relay range is designed for motor
protection application .
A complete set of protection function is performed on
the measurement of current ,voltage and temperature.
On top of that high inertia loads and anti- backspin
protection ensures that the rotor stops the motor can be re
started
FEATURES:
Digital motor protection relay has continuous range.
It has a possibility of recording of fault.
It can give the complete protection.
It has also external features.
It has a time delay function.
Application:
The MiCOM P220 Protection Relay range performs and
offers a numerous function in a compact design:
Protection
Monitoring
Diagnosis
Fault analysis tools
Aid to maintenance

Compact and* plug and play* made*, the p220protection relay

range supply essential functions fox industry applications. Where
the following requirements must be achieved:
Small and medium motors
High inertia
Compact
Easy to use
Low cost
 FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM
Protection function is autonomous and can be individually
configured or disables to suit a particular application
Protection functions
 Short-circuit (50/51)
Earth fault (50N/51N)
second motor protection modemotor(48/49/49LR50S/66)
CB failure (50BF)
Limitation of the number of starts, timbetweenstarts(66)
Loss of load (37)
Unbalance, loss of phase and single phasing (46)
Thermal overload (49)-true RMS value
Locked rotor while running or at start-up (51s)
CONTROL FUNCTIONS

Independent protection setting groups

Programmable scheme logic
Trip circuit super vision
CB monitoring
External trips
Shape of start up current and voltage
Analog outputs
Trip cause statistics
 Measurement and recording facilities

The relay constantly measures a large amount of electrical data such

as
Phase current magnitude in true R.M.S value :IA,IB,IC.
Neutral current magnitude in true RMS value IN.
Positive sequence current I1, negative sequence current I2, zero
sequence current I0 & unbalance ratio I1/I2
Frequency, peak current value, phase to phase voltage true RMS
value, active & Reactive power W&VAR., Active &Reactive
energies Wh & VARh and power factor.
User interface
Front plate and menus
Dedicated and programmable LEDs
Local and remote communication

Software support
MiCOM S1 Software makes it possible to pre-set all MiCOM
P220 relay parameters from a PC. The relay is then accessed via the
RS232 port on the front panel.
 Complete configuration of the micomp220

It can be completely configured either by using interface or

by using the control and setting software MICOM S1.
Thermal overload
Short circuit
Earth fault
Unbalance
Excess long start
Blocked rotor
Loss of load
RTD (optional)
 Protection functions
Thermal replica
Thermal current threshold
Over load time constant TE1
Short circuit protection
Unbalance protection
Too long start up protection
Locked raptor protection
Under current protection
RTD temperature detection or thermostats
 AUTOMATION FUNCTIONS

Limitation of the number of start- ups

Time between 2 start-ups
Logic inputs /auxiliary timers
Logic equations time delay
Auxiliary output relay
Latching of the output relays
Trip output relay
Control and monitoring of the breaker device
Optional functions
 Recording functions
Event recorder
Fault recorder
Inputs and
. outputs
Phase current IIN 1 and 5 amp
Earth current Ion 1 and 5 amp
Frequency range 45 to 65 Hz
nominal 50/60Hz
Burdens phase current inputs <0.3 VA (5A)
<0.2 VA (1A)
earth current input <0.001 VA at 0.1 I ON
THERMAL OVERLOAD
CHARECTERISTICS
 CONFIGURATION OF THE RELAY AND PC

•Once the physical connection is established, the relay and pc

settings must be checked in order to start the communication.
 HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE
OUTPUT PARAMETERS
PASSWORD=****
TYPE=P220
REFERENCE=XXXX
SOFTWARE VFR=3C
FREQUENCY =50 Hz
ACTIVE GROUP=1
INPUT ST=00000
OUTPUT ST=0000
DATE,TIME.
CONCLUSION:
• The motor protection relay range particularly adopted to oil
refinery glass and cement manufacturing paper mills and mining
etc.
• so the P220 relay can nevertheless be used as a multi function
relay to protect a high power synchronous motor.
• Digital motor protection relay has got very handsome
computing power, as it incorporates a microprocessor with it.
• Present digital relays give all the protection features of old
electro mechanical or static relays. In addition it gives
communication facia supervision and add trouble shooting
features on it.
• so it has become versatile productive cum human machine
interface module.