CHAPTER 7 :HEAT

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Heat Is A Form Of Energy

1.Heat is a form of energy. 2. Heat causes objects to become hot. 3. Every living thing need heat to keep its body warm. 4. The Sun is the primary source of heat energy. 5. The SI unit for heat is Joule (J)

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Uses of Heat
1. .

Domestic uses Cooking,ironing, heating homes and drying cloth Drying tea leaves, drying salted fish and drying tobacco

2. Food preservation
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3. Sterilising surgical instruments 4. Evaporating sea water to obtain salt

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H eat Production
1.

Hot Objects give out heat Burning produces heat Electricity produce heat Chemical reaction produce heat Friction (geseran) produce heat.

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Heat And Temperature

1.

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What Is Heat? ..

2. State the unit of heat:.. 3. What IsTemperature? 4. State the unit of temperature: . (Refer pg 104 textbook)

Difference between heat and temperature

Heat
A form of energy that warms an object Measured in joule (J) An object become hot when it absorbs heat and becomes cool when it loses heat

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Temperature
A measure of the degree of hotness or coldness of an object Measured in degree Celsius (C) or Kelvin (K) A hotter object has a higher temperature than a cooler object

Heat flows from a hot area to a cold Increases when heated, decreases area when cooled.

1.

Heat and temperature are not the same. Mass of an object.

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2. The amount of heat in an object depends on the:

(a) (v)

Object with a larger mass has more heat content than an object with a smaller mass with the same temperature.

(b) Temperature of the object. (c) The type of material the object is made of

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3. Although the water in both beakers is of the same temperature, there is more heat energy in 100ml of hot water than in 50 ml of hot water. 4. The larger the volume of water, the more their heat content.

Beaker P 5/1/12 #The temperature of two blocks

of iron are the same

50g iron block

Water

Water (100C)
100g iron block heat

Beaker Q

50g iron Block

100g iron block

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The Effect of Heat Flows on Matter

Expansion and Contraction of Matter Salin di papan hitam..

Heat Flow
1.

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Heat flows from area of higher temperature to areas of low temperature. The rate of heat transfer depends on the difference in temperatures between the two objects.The greater the difference in temperature, the faster the heat flows. Heat is transferred in 3 different ways: Conduction Convection

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3.

a.

b.

c. Radiation

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1.

Conduction: The flow of heat through solids Convection: the flow of heat through liquids or gases Radiation : the flow of heat through vacuum.

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3.

Conduction
1.

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Heat flow from the hot end Of metal rod to the cooler end Of metal rod.

2. The particles at the hot end of the rod gain heat energy. 3. The particles vibrate faster and transfer heat from one particle to another. 4. So, heat energy is transferred

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Convection
1.

Occurs in fluids.(liquids and gases) Fluids : Substances which can flow. Heat transfer from one part of a fluid to another by the circulatory movement. The particles in fluid are free to move and transfer the heat from the hotter part to the cooler part of the liquid. Convection does not happen in solids because the particles in solids cannot flow freely.

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