DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : A.KRISHNA KUMAR
Designation : Sr. Lecturer

Branch : Commercial & Compute

Institute : GPW ,Suryapet, Nalgonda
Year : IInd year
Subject : Quantitative Techniques-1
Subject Co : CCP-303
Topic : Standard Deviation
Duration : 50 min.
Sub Topic : Calculation of SD
Teaching Aids : PPT CCP303.68 1
Objectives

On the completion of this period, the

student would be able to:

Calculate Standard Deviation for Discrete series

with Actual Mean method

CCP303.68 2
Recap

Standard Deviation formula - Individual

series
  dx   dx 
2

2

=    
 N   N 
  

CCP303.68 3
Methods of computing Standard
Deviation - Discrete series

1. Actual Mean Method

2. Assumed Mean Method
3. Step Deviation Method

CCP303.68 4
Actual Mean method

Formula:

σ =√ Ʃfx2 / N

CCP303.68 5
Steps to calculate

 Calculate the Arithmetic mean.

 Find out deviations of the various values
from mean value, denote it “ x “
 Square these deviations and multiply with
respective frequencies and total them = Ʃfx2
 Apply the formula.

CCP303.68 6
Example1

1. In a class of 80 students find out the Arithmetic

mean of marks and Standard Deviation of the
following data.

Marks (X) No. of. Students (f)

10 5
20 15
30 25
40 20
50 10
60 5
CCP303.68 7
Solution to Ex. 1:

Calculation of SD
No. of.
Marks (X) fx
Students (f)
10 5 50
20 15 300
30 25 750
40 20 800
50 10 500
60 5 300

X= Ʃfx / N i.e(2700/80) = 33.75

CCP303.68 8
Solution contd

Mark No.of Product Deviation Square of deviations

ranges pupils (fx) from mean Deviations square
(x) (f) (X-X) (fx2)
x2
(x-33.75)

10 05 50 -23.75 564.06 2820.30

20 15 300 -13.75 189.06 2835.90
30 25 750 -3.75 14.06 351.50
40 20 800 6.25 39.06 781.20
50 10 500 16.25 264.06 2640.60
60 05 300 26.25 689.06 3445.30

Total N=80 Ʃ fx=2700 Ʃ fx2

=12874.80
CCP303.68 9
Solution contd..

σ =√ Ʃfx2 / N
= √12874.80/80
= √ 160.935
= 12.68

CCP303.68 10
Example 2
In a survey of textile industry, following data was
collected:

Level of profit (x) No. of. Companies

(f)
10 15
15 10
20 15
25 06
30 04

Calculate Variance and Standard Deviation of the

distribution. CCP303.68 11
Solution to Ex. 2

Size of No.of Product Deviatio Square of Sum of

Profit companies (fd) n from Deviations deviations
(f) mean square
(x) x2
(X-X) (fx2)
( x-17.4)
10 15 150 -7.4 54.76 821.40
15 10 150 -2.4 5.76 57.60
20 15 300 2.6 6.76 101.40
25 06 150 7.6 57.76 346.56
30 04 120 12.6 158.76 635.04
Total N=50 Ʃfd=870 Ʃfx2
=1962.00
CCP303.68 12
Solution contd

A.M.= Ʃfd / N Sd.2 = variance

=870 / 50 Sd.2 = √ Ʃfx2 / N
=17.4 = 1962 / 5

= 39.24
Standard deviation = √ variance
= √ 39.24
= 6.26
A.M.= 17.4
Standard Deviation = 6.26
Variance = 39.24

CCP303.68 13
Note:
Method of taking deviations from actual Mean is
very rarely followed if actual Mean is in fractions
(or) with decimal points, involving a lot of
calculations.
Normally, Step Deviation method is followed
where it is possible to take a common factor.

CCP303.68 14
Note contd:
 After finding AM, find out deviations of various values
from AM - x

 Square these deviations and multiply with respective

frequencies and total them - Ʃfx2
 Apply the formula
 σ=√ Ʃfx2 / N

CCP303.68 15
 Frequently Asked Questions
1. Find the AM, SD and CV of the following
distribution:

Size of 4 6 8 10 12 14
item

Frequency 5 10 15 20 10 5

CCP303.68 16
Assignment
2. Find the AM, SD and CV of the following distribution:

Size of 5 6 7 8 9 10
item (x)
Frequency 6 12 10 4 6 7

CCP303.68 17
Summary

Calculation of CV in Discrete series carried

by taking deviations from Actual Mean.

CCP303.68 18
Quiz

1. What is the formula of finding standard

deviation in discrete series?

Ans: σ =√ Ʃfx2 / N

CCP303.68 19
 Quiz
2. What is the formula for finding C.V. of a
distribution?


Ans: Co-efficient of variation= 100
&
x&

CCP303.68 20