FEATURES OF LATEST MOBILE PHONES AND PDAs IN INDIAN AND GLOBAL MARKETS

SHIEVANGI SHARMA A1607108053 SECTION (A) B. Tech. (E&T) 3rd yr

AMITY INSTITUTE OF TELECOM TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

Communication?
imparting or interchange of thoughts, opinions, or information by speech, writing, or signs

Mobile Phone
(also called mobile, cellphone or handphone)

It is an electronic device used for full duplex two-way radio telecommunications over a cellular network of base stations known as cell sites It allows its user to make and receive telephone calls to and from the public telephone network which includes other mobiles and fixed line phones across the world.

History of Mobile Phones

Long and varied history goes back to Reginald Fessenden's invention and shore-to-ship demonstration of radio telephony Military use of radio telephony links and civil services in the 1950s (2nd world war) Hand-held mobile radio devices since 1973 In 1960 worlds first partly automatic car phone system, Mobile System A (MTA), weighing 40 kg, was launched in Sweden In 1962, a more modern version called Mobile System B (MTB) was launched, which was a push-button telephone, and used transistors In 1971 the MTD version was launched, opening for several different brands of equipment and gaining commercial success. Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, invented first portable handset about 2 kg in 1973 The first commercially automated cellular network (the 1G generation) was launched in Japan by NTT in 1979 In 1981, followed simultaneous launch of the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. NMT was the first mobile phone network featuring international roaming.

History of Mobile Phones

The first 1G network launched in the USA was Chicago based Ameritech in 1983 using the Motorola DynaTAC mobile phone. Several countries then followed in the early 1980s including the UK, Mexico and Canada. The first "modern" network technology on digital 2G (second generation) cellular technology was launched by Radiolinja (now part of Elisa Group) in 1991 in Finland on the GSM standard In 2001 the first commercial launch of 3G (Third Generation) was again in Japan by NTT DoCoMo on the WCDMA standard. One of the newest 3G technologies to be implemented is HighSpeed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA). It is an enhanced 3G (third generation) mobile telephony communications protocol in the High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) family, also coined 3.5G, 3G+ or turbo 3G, which allows networks based on Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) to have higher data transfer speeds and capacity.

The original mobile phone from SRA in 1956 (MTA system)

Martin Cooper Inventor of mobile phone

Basic Features of a Mobile Phone

a rechargeable battery the power source an input mechanism and display: keypad, or touch screens basic mobile phone services to allow users to make calls and send text messages All GSM phones use a SIM (subscriber identity module) card

Personal Digital Assistant (PDA)

(also known as a palmtop computer)
A mobile device which functions as a personal information manager and can connect to the internet
The PDA has an electronic visual display enabling it to include a web browser; some newer models also have audio capabilities for use as mobile phones or portable media players

Many PDAs can access the internets, intranets, or extranets via Wi-Fi, or Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWANs) Many PDAs employ touch screen technology.

PDA- short history

January 7, 1992: term PDA used first time by Apple Computer CEO John Sculley at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Nevada, referring to the Apple Newton. 1996: Nokia introduced the first mobile phone with full PDA functionality, the 9000 Communicator; world's bestselling PDA and base of smartphones. Today: majority of PDAs are smartphones, selling over 150 million units, while non-phone ("stand-alone") PDAs sell only about 3 million units per year.

Typical Features of a PDA

A typical PDA has touch screen for entering data, a memory card slot for data storage and at least one of the following for connectivity: IrDA, Bluetooth and/or WiFi.
Many PDAs (used primarily as telephones) have softkeys, a directional pad and either the numeric keypad or a thumb keyboard for input. Software includes an appointment calendar, a to-do list, an address book for contacts and note program. Connected PDAs also typically include Email and Web support.

Smartphone
Any electronic handheld device that integrates the functionality of a mobile phone, personal digital assistant (PDA) or other information appliance What makes the phone "smart" is its ability to handle data, not only voice calls. This is often achieved by adding telephone functions to an existing PDA (PDA Phone) or putting "smart" capabilities, such as PDA functions, into a mobile phone.

The Latest Mobile Phone Technology

New mobile technologies offer the user accessibility to the worldwide web via WiFi connectivity, download and transfer large amounts of data via high speed connectivity and find a location via satellite with mobile Global Positioning Systems (GPS) devices.

The Latest Mobile Phone Technology

incorporates all types of online activity: Accelerometer Proximity Sensor Mobile VoIP 3G Bluetooth Handwriting Recognition Wi-Fi Camera Phones GPS Advanced Operating System FM Transmitter 4G Voice SMS

The Latest Mobile Phone Technology some examples

Bluetooth

A typical home WiFi network

GPS
Camera Phones

Mobiles- Impact on Indian Economy

(10 million connections per month in 2008)
While some parts of India are enjoying the benefits of mobile industry, other parts are still lagging behind. Following are the realities:

Teledensity in India lags well behind most other countries (eg. China, Pakistan and Sri Lanka) at similar stages of development. Mobile penetration rate in India is highly variable, and in many states (eg; Bihar, UP, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh and Assam) well below 20%, as against 60-77% in countries like China, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

The level of access to the internet remains persistently low across the whole country (at about 5%) and in less-developed states is virtually non-existent , eg. only 0.1% in Bihar and 0.2% in Assam.

Mobiles- Impact on World Economy Worldwide telecommunication industry's revenue was estimated to be $3.85 trillion in 2008.
The service revenue of the global telecommunications industry was estimated to be $1.7 trillion in 2008, and is expected to touch $2.7 trillion by 2013.

Health hazards of mobile phones

Mobile phones use electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range, which some believe may be harmful to human health. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports overall no evidence for harmful effects.

Health hazards of mobile phones

The Physicians and Responsible Scientists for Application of Science and Technology , on the other hand, suggest significant health hazards associated with mobile phone use.

Mobile phones and cordless phones cause brain tumors, disturbed brain function, ear defects, headaches, blurring of vision, damage to the DNA, addiction in teenagers a social and personality development problem, and loss of personal life etc.

Conclusion
In spite of some health hazards associated with the use of mobile phones, the advantages mobile phones are such that it has become a telecommunication tool with about 4.6 billion people world wide It has entered into the roots of national and world economy Researches are on to further improve services and remove ill-effects of this system of telecommunication