Unit-5

Colour edit Master subtitle style Click to Fastness of Dyed & Printed Materials
D.Praveen Nagarajan

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Grey Scale

Grey Scale is a tool used to appraise the colour fastness of dyed and printed material to different agencies. Grey scale is a small rectangular plate like tool with standard fading patterns of different degrees of fading. There are two separate grey scales 5/6/12 one for measuring change in colour

For both criteria, the ratings will range from 1 to 5 with an increment of 0.5. For light fastness the above grey scales are not used for final rating. A different technique is used and the rating varies form 1 to 8.

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Colour fastness to washing

Aim

To determine the colour fastness of textile material of any composition to the action of soap solution or soap and soda ash combination. Principle A specimen of textile in contact with pieces of specified adjacent fabrics is mechanically agitated in soap solution 5/6/12 or soap & soda ash solution, rinsed

Indian Standards Institution (ISI) and ISO have prescribed five different test methods to test the wash fastness. Each one differs from other in terms of increasing severity of treatment.

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Apparatus required

1) Launder O meter 2) Grey Scale

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Procedure
Two adjacent fabrics, each measuring 10x4cm one piece made of the same kind of fibre as that of the textile to be tested the second made of the fibre as indicated below. First piece Cotton Wool
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Second Piece Cotton

Wool Cotton

Silk

Reagents required
1) 2)

Soap solution 5 gpl Soap and soda ash solution containing 5 gpl soap and 2 gpl soda ash

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Preparation of test sample Place a specimen of 10 cm x 4cm between two adjacent fabrics as prescribed above and sew along all 4 sides to form a composite specimen. Prepare atleast 3 such specimens.

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Procedure Place the composite specimen in one of the containers of Launder-o-meter and add the soap or soap and soda, solution as per the test number chosen. Conditions of treatment for all 5 test methods have been tabulated.
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Conditions for ISO wash fastness test methods In all the methods material : liquor = 1:50
Sl.No Wash fastness Chemicals to test method be added Stainles Temp s steel balls to be added Nil 40 +/2C 50 +/2C 60 +/2C 95 +/2C Time

ISO Test 1 Soap 5 gpl IS : 687 -1979 ISO Test 2 IS : 3361 -1979 Soap 5 gpl

30 min

Nil

45 min

ISO Test 3 Soap 5 gpl IS : 764 -1979 Soda ash 2 gpl 5/6/12 ISO Test 4 Soap 5 gpl IS : 765 -1979 Soda ash 2 gpl

Nil

30 min

10

30 min

After treating the test specimen under any one of the above test methods for the prescribed time, rinse the specimen twice in cold water and then in cold running water for 10 minutes. Remove the stitching and dry at a temperature of 60C. Evaluate the change of colour of the treated test specimen and degree 5/6/12 staining of the two adjacent fabrics

Report The report shall include

a) b)

Type of the material The numerical rating for change in colour of the test piece ranges from 1 to 5.

1 indicating very poor fastness and 5 indicating excellent fastness properties. 5/6/12

Colour Fastness of Textile of Rubbing

Aim To determine the colour fastness of textile materials to rubbing off and staining other materials in both dry and wet conditions.

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Sample Two pieces each of 14x5 cm one in warp direction and other in weft direction are selected and kept for dry rubbing. Similarly, another set of two specimens are selected for wet rubbing
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Apparatus
a) b) c)

Crock meter Grey scale Undyed cloth pieces each 5x5 cm size bleached cotton fabric.

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Procedure
1.

Dry Rubbing

Take a test specimen and fix it to the rubbing device. Fix a piece of the dry undyed fabric over the end of the finger of the rubbing device and rub it to and fro in a straight line along a track 10 cm long on the test piece 10 times in 10 5/6/12 seconds with a downward force of

ii)

Wet Rubbing

Take a test specimen and fix it to the rubbing device. Soak a piece of undyed fabric in distilled water and squeeze it by passing through two rubber rolls so that it contains its own weight of water. Fix the wet undyed fabric on the finger 5/6/12 of the rubbing device and rub it in a

Report The report shall include,

a)

The numerical rating for staining of the undyed fabric used in dry rubbing. The numerical rating for stainning of the undyed fabric used in wet rubbing.

b)

The above rating ranges from 1 to 5. 5/6/12

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