Diseases of Digestive

System
By
Dr. Ali H. Sadiek
Prof. of Internal Veterinary Medicine and Clinical Laboratory
Diagnosis

Dept. of Animal Medicine

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Assiut University- Assiut, EGYPT

E-mail: Sadiek59@yahoo.com
 Inflamm. of stomach m. membranes
causing abnormal. motility, vomition,
anorexia & abd. Pain
 It may be acute or chronic.

 It may be assoc. w. enteritis.

Causes of Gastritis
 Overfeeding causing Gast. dilatation.
& gastritis.
 Physical agent (Very Cold or very hot
food).
 Chemical agents (arsenic, lead, copper,
mercury ).
 Foreign bodies.

 Damaged, moldy, fermented feeds.

Causes of gastritis
 Bacterial agents (oral necro-bacillosis,
Hrgc entero-toxem., colli-bacillosis &
salmonell. Leptosp. & hepatitis (dog)
 Viral agents (RP, MD).
 Fungal (Moniliasis).
 Parasites in cattle (Trich., ostertagia,
hemonchus, paramphist.)
 In horse: Larvae of Habronema
megastomum.
Helicobacter
:Signs of acute gastritis
1-Vomition:
 mucoid, bloody in chemical or posoin.

gastritis.
 Periodical in allergic enteritis of dog.

 Expulsive in decomposed food

gastritis.
2-Reduced appetite & Excess. thirst.
3-Rank smell breath.
:Signs of gastritis
4-Diarrhea may assoc. gastroent. or soft
pasty feces.
5- Abdominal pain.
6-Dehydration and alkalosis, emaciat.

In Chronic gastritis
 Signs are Less severe with depraved

appetite.
 Sporadic vomiting.
Diagnosis of Gastritis
 History of over feeding or feeding abnormal
food.

Gastritis should be diff. from:

 Gast. dilatation, in which vomiting which is

more projectile.
 Esoph. Obst: vomitus is not acid or rancid.

 Intest. Obst.: Vomitus is alkaline and

containig bile acids.


Treatment of Gastritis
Gast. Sedatives:
 Kaolin, pectin- charcoal.

 Bismuth sub nitrate.

 Mg. hydroxide or Mg. carbonate.

Gast. Astringents:
 Mix. of Tannic acid and Catechu.

 Gentamycin / sulphaguandin
Treatment of Gastritis

Fluid and nutrition therapy:

 I.v. Ringer sol. (Na, K, Ca, Mg).

 Glutamic acid.

Anti-emitic (dog) Vit. B6 (5-60 g/ other

day). or Diphenylhydramine Hcl
Evacuation of stomach in G. dilatation:
 laxative (Mineral oil)

Easily dig. Palatable food

Gastric Ulcers
 Ulceration of G. mucosa means
removal of some parts of the
protective m. m of the stomach.
 It is charct. by signs of abdom. pain,

anorexia, other GIT motility disturb.

(diarrhea, constiptaion).
 It may cause gastric bleeding and by

turn emaciation and anemia.

Causes of Gastric Ulcers
Traumatic causes.
Long feeding of corrosive or
chemical substances.
Sequllae to
 chr. Vagus indigestion.
 Untreated Gastritis
 Long standing parasitic inf. (Gastrophilus,
Habronema megastoma)
Other causes:

 Stress of grain overfeeding.

 Uremia.

 Long standing Steroid therapy.

 Hyperparathyroidism (25%).

 Coexistent duodenal ulcer disease.

Signs of Gastric ulcer
 Signs of abdomen. pain, anorexia,
diarrhea or constipation.
 Mucoid vomiting in dog, cat and may

bloody (Hematemesis).
 Severe hemorrhagic anemia.

 Black, pasty, soft feces (Melana).

 Emaciation, lassitude and death.

Bleeding Gastric ulcer
Diagnosis of G. Ulcer
 History of abd. Pain, emesis or
hematemesis.
 Signs of anemia.
 Leucocytosis and neutrophilia
 Fecal analysis: Hemonchus,
Gastrophillus, Habronema)
 X- ray examination.
 Endoscopy of gast. mucosa.
(Gastric mucosa (G. Ulcer
.Treatment of G. Ulcer
 Prolonged use of protective and
astringent drugs.
 To stop bleeding inject Ca & Vit. K.

 Inject hematincs or blood transfusion

if necessary.
 Easily digestible food or parentral

feeding.
 Surgical repair may be useful.
Healing
Most gastric ulcers clear completely
in 6-8 weeks.
With healing, ulcer ▼ in size and is
more likely to appear linear
Radiating folds become more
prominent and extend to crater.
Between 50-90% of healed gastric
ulcers produce visible scars on
Double Contrast study
Gastric rupture
Occurs in the great curvature of horse
stomach due to sever g. dilatation.
Gastric rupture
Causes:
Severe impaction and indigestion.
Strongly spoiled and ferment. Food.
Complication of G. ulcer.
Sever attach of spasmodic colic.
.Clinical findings
 Severe abdominal pain.
 Followed by relief and vomition.

 Profuse sweeting.

 Dog sitting position.

 Inclination of head

 Hypothermia and death.

Abdominal pain
Abdominal pain