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Jose Rizal, Luneta Park, Manila

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Andres Bonifacio, Monumento, Caloocan City

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Lapu-Lapu, Mactan Island, Cebu

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Monument

Somethingerectedinmemoryofaperson,ev ent,etc.,asa building,pillar,orstatue. Anybuilding,megalith,etc.,survivingfroma pastage,and regardedasofhistoricalorarchaeologicalimp ortance. Anyenduringevidenceornotableexampleof something. (dictionary.com)

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Public Monuments

Guide our direction Found in Public Spaces Art Symbol of Collective Experience

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Marcos Regime & EDSA Revolution

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Statues of Marcos & Aquino

Symbolizes Heroism and Bravery of our Political Leaders

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Marcos Regime & EDSA Revolution

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Our Lady of EDSA & People Power Monument

Symbolizes EDSA as a revolution and a miracle People Power Monument = Inang Bayan Virgin Mary symbolizes the involvement of the Church during the revolution and their gratitude for the miracle that occurred during that time.
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Marcos Regime & EDSA Revolution

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Bantayog ng Mga Bayani

Monument of people who died for democracy Declaresthat theheroicmonumentis a collectivegoal andgoing throughahistoric process.

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Public Monuments

Funded by the Government (Political Interest) Representation of ideologies such as iconography of heroism, bravery, popularity, power, significance of a person or event.

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Public Monuments

Corporations could also be responsible in the creation of public monuments & arts. According to the Greeks, Ecology is our home.

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Monuments, Billboards & Graffiti

Monuments

The result of an imposition on the part of political authority

Tends to appear overnight and is taken for granted

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Monuments, Billboards & Graffiti

Billboards

More stimulating than Monuments

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Notes for a Typology

1.

Neutralization or alteration of the monuments significance due to a disruption in scale.

2. Neutralization of the monument due to commercial saturation of the context.

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Notes for a Typology

3. Obstruction of the iconographic message due to the proliferation of urban street signals. 4. Subordination of the historical monument to the connotations of an adjoining commercial advertisement.
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Notes for a Typology

5. Semantic conflict between a historic element and an advertising slogan. 6. Ironic implications of a historical symbol by association with advertising jargon.

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Notes for a Typology

7. Ironic implications of a historical symbol through its relationship with the urban context. 8. Popular intervention as political commentary on the significance of the monument.
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2 Types of Monuments
1. Sculptural pieces are not, strictly speaking, monuments, in the sense that they do not commemorate anything in particular, which in time become a recognizable landmark in a given site.

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2 Types of Monuments
2. Monuments that are not modified or diminished by urban expansion either take on new meanings or become local points of reference.

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Symbolic Struggles for Power

The development of capitalism has distributed objects and signs throughout specific sites. A meticulous classification of objects and the language used to refer to them maintains the systematic organization of social spaces where they are to be consumed.
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Symbolic Struggles for Power

The typologies are dramatizations of the conflicts among the various social forces:

Marketing History The State Advertising Peoples Struggle to Survive

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Symbolic Struggles for Power

Monuments are open to urban dynamics, enabling history to interact with the new developments in social life. Monuments are linked to the prevailing anxieties of the modern age through graffiti or mass demonstrations.
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What Makes A Monument Popular?

Monuments are instruments used by political powers to enshrine the principal heroes and the pivotal events of the State.

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What Makes A Monument Popular?

Billboards attempt to synchronize daily life with the interest of economic power. Graffiti express popular criticism of the imposed order.

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What Makes A Monument Popular?

Historical landmarks are quietly integrated into contemporary life but, rather, a living organism capable of merging its past and present struggles.

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What Makes A Monument Popular?

Monuments become more meaningful when resumed by the common man, when they are incorporated into the struggle for symbolic power and, consequently, into the contradictions of daily life.

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What Makes A Monument Popular?

Monuments can give a new meaning to history, to the transformation of our sensitive and symbolic relations vis--vis the environment.

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What Makes A Monument Popular?

It should not glorify the city as the hub of power but, rather, should designate and recall its common meeting places and democratic exchanges.

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