ABOUT CAD/CAM

Beginning in the 1980s computer-aided design programs reduced the need of draftsmen significantly, especially in small to mid-sized companies.Their affordability and ability to run on personal computers also allowed engineers to do their own drafting work, eliminating the need for entire departments.In today's world most, if not all, students in universities do not learn manual drafting techniques because they are not required to do so.The days of hand drawing for final drawings are all but over. Universities no longer require the use of protractors and compasses to create drawings,instead there are several classes that focus on the use of CAD software such as Creo, formerly Pro Engineer, IEAS-MS, Solid Edge, Solid Works and AutoCAD.Current computer-aided design software packages range from 2D vector-based drafting systems to 3D solid and surface modelers.Modern CAD packages can also frequently allow rotations in three dimensions,allowing viewing of a designed object from any desired angle, even from the inside looking out. Some CAD software is capable of dynamic mathematical modeling, in which case it may be marketed as CADD computer-aided design and drafting.CAD is used in the design of tools and machinery and in the drafting and design of all types of buildings, from small residential types (houses) to the largest commercial and industrial structures.CAD is mainly used for detailed engineering of 3D models and 2D drawings of physical components, but it is also used throughout the engineering process .

afrom conceptual design and layout of products, through strength and dynamicnalysis of assemblies to definition of manufacturing methods of components. It can also be used to design objects. CAD has become an especially important technology within the scope of computer-aided technologies, with benefits such as lower product development costs and a greatly shortened design cycle. CAD enables designers to layout and develop work on screen,print it out and save it for future editing, saving time on their drawings.

HISTORY
Designers have long used computers for their calculations. Initial developments were carried out in the 1960s within the aircraft and automotive industries in the area of 3D surface construction and NC programming, most of it independent of one another and often not publicly published until much later. Some of the mathematical description work on curves was developed in the early 1940s by Robert Issac Newton from Pawtucket, Rhode Island. Robert A. Heinlein in his 1957 novel The Door into Summer suggested the possibility of a roboticDrafting Dan. However, probably the most important work on polynomial curves and sculptured surface was done by Pierre Bzier (Renault),Paul de Casteljau (Citroen), Steven Anson Coons (MIT, Ford), James Ferguson (Boeing), Carl de Boor, Birkhoff (GM) and Garibedian (GM) in the 1960s and W. Gordon and R. Riesenfeld in the 1970s.It is argued that a turning point was the development of the SKETCHPAD system at MIT in 1963 by Ivan Sutherland (who later created a graphics technology company with Dr. David Evans). The distinctive feature of SKETCHPAD was that

it allowed the designer to interact with his computer graphically: the design can be fed into the computer by drawing on a CRT monitor with a light pen. Effectively, it was a prototype of graphical user interface, an indispensable feature of modern CAD.The first commercial applications of CAD were in large companies in the automotive and aerospace industries, as well as in electronics. Only large corporations could afford the computers capable of performing the calculations. Notable company projects were at GM (Dr. Patrick J.Hanratty) with DAC-1 (Design Augmented by Computer) 1964; Lockheed projects; Bell GRAPHIC 1 and at Renault (Bzier) UNISURF 1971 car body design and tooling. One of the most influential events in the development of CAD was the founding of MCS (Manufacturing and Consulting Services Inc.) in 1971 by Dr. P. J. Hanratty,who wrote the system ADAM (Automated Drafting And Machining) but more importantly supplied code to companies such as McDonnell Douglas (Unigraphics), Computervision (CADDS), Calma, Gerber, Autotrol and Control Data. As computers became more affordable, the application areas have gradually expanded. The development of CAD software for personal desktop computers was the impetus for almost universal application in all areas of construction.Other key points in the 1960s and 1970s would be the foundation of CAD systems United Computing, Intergraph, IBM, Intergraph IGDS in 1974 (which led to Bentley Systems MicroStation in 1984)CAD implementations have evolved dramatically since then. Initially, with 3D in the 1970s, it was typically limited to producing drawings similar to hand-drafted drawings. Advances in programming and computer hardware, notably solid modeling in the 1980s, have

allowed more versatile applications of computers in design activities. Key products for 1981 were the solid modelling packages -Romulus (ShapeData) and Uni-Solid (Unigraphics) based on PADL-2 and the release of the surface modeler CATIA (Dassault Systemes). Autodesk was founded 1982 by John Walker, which led to the 2D system AutoCAD.The next milestone was the release of Pro/ENGINEER in 1988, which heralded greater usage of feature-based modeling methods and parametric linking of the parameters of features. Also of importance to the development of CAD was the development of the B-rep solid modeling kernels (engines for manipulating geometrically and topologically consistent 3D objects) Parasolid (ShapeData) and ACIS (Spatial Technology Inc.) at the end of the 1980s and beginning of the 1990s, both inspired by the work of Ian Braid. This led to the release of mid-range packages such as SolidWorks in 1995, Solid Edge (then Intergraph) in 1996 and Autodesk Inventor in 1999.

CAD/CAM
Computer Aided Design(CAD) involves the use of computer hardware and graphics software to generate design drawings. Modern CAD equipment enables the designer to quickly produce very accurate and realistic images of products to be manufactured. Computer Aided Manufacturing(CAM) is a system of automatically producing finished products by using computer controlled production machines. CAD and CAM work together in that the digital model generated in CAD is inputted to the CAM software package. The CAM software needs to know the physical shape of the product (CAD model) before it can compose a proper set of fabrication instructions to a production machine.

CAD/CAM UTILIZED AREA

. Simulation technology . Robotics . Digital art and advertising . Internet development and consulting . Cutting tool designer . Architectural designer . Rehabilitation technology . Medical imaging systems . Digital gaming and amusement systems Computer-aided design(CAD) Computer-aided architectural design(CAAD) Computer-aided design and drafting(CADD) Computer-aided process planning (CAPP) Computer-aided quality assurance (CAQ) Computer-aided reporting (CAR) Computer-aided requirements capture (CAR) Computer-aided rule definition (CARD) Computer-aided rule execution (CARE) Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) Component information system(CIS) Computer-integrated manufacturing(CIM) computer numerical controlled(CNC) Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) Electronic design automation(EDA) Enterprise resource planning(ERP) Finite element analysis(FEA) Knowledge-based engineering(KBE) Manufacturing process management(MPM) Manufacturing process planning(MPP)

Material requirements planning(MRP) Harris Academy Merton(HAM) Manufacturing resource planning(MRP II) Product data management(PDM) Product lifecycle management(PLM) Computer-aided manufacturing(CAM) Computer-aided industrial design(CAID) Computer-aided engineering(CAE)

SOFTWARE AVAILABLE FOR THE GARMENT INDUSTRY & ITS FEATURES

AG Systems PERFECT FIT: Apparel business management software for importers, manufacturers, and distributors. Fully integrated Order entry, Inventory, Production, and Accounting modules can be configured to maximize your business efficiency. Call them for an easy web demo. AIMS Apparel Information Management System - Complete solution for the apparel industry: Sales, production, inventory, EDI, bar code, picking, shipping, invoicing, commission, accounting. Runs over the Internet or on your hardware. AMS, Inc. Creators of CutPlan software for optimizing spread planning in apparel manufacturing and textile cutting. Apparel Data Systems Software enhancements that enable clients to fully comply with their retail trading partners' EDI requirements. Apparel Technology and Research Center (ATRC) Cal Poly Pomona is a high technology outreach program designed to work directly with individuals and companies in the domestic apparel Industry. Apparel Vision-2000 Distribution Product Management Software for apparel manufacturers, importers and distributors. Fully integrated ERP system, Windows &

SQL server based. Web-Based PDM, Web-Based SFA, EDI, sales, purchasing, inventory, accounting, bar-coding and much more. EDI Center Provides EDI training, staffing, and support for the retail industry EDI Support, Inc. Provides Electronic Data Intercahnge implementation and installation assistance to major retailers and their vendors. Integrated and stand alone modular applications are available. Gerber Technology Supplies large fabric cutting equipment and the apparel design and procuction management systems designers and manufacturers use. Innovative Systems/Full Circle Apparel Systems Handles every aspect of an apparel company's operations, including supply chain management, production administration (to include purchasing, manufacturing, and trafficking) and distribution of finished products to customers. Software solutions are completely integrated with their EDI service bureau EDI Direct that has become a leading solution for the apparel industries' EDI requirements. Intentia Offers a completely integrated enterprise management solution designed specifically for the apparel industry - Movex Fashion.

Ioline Corp. A leading designer and manufacturer of cutters and ultra wide pen plotters serving the graphics arts, apparel, embroidery and full scale design industries. Koppermann A full range of CAD/CAM solutions for apparel manufacturing Lectra One of the CAD/CAM industry's leading innovators with hardware and software solutions for apparel and textile companies large or small. Ned Graphics A CAD/CAM supplier for Textile & Apparel. NedGraphics has spent 25 years developing, marketing, and supporting textile and fashion CAD/CAM software for thousands of companies around the world. OptiTex OptiTex specializes in the development of innovative, easy-to-use, 2D and 3D CAD/CAM software for the textile industries. Our native Windows-based software for digitizing, pattern engineering, grading, marking, advanced automatic nesting and draping is specifically designed to meet the needs of today's manufacturers of industrial fabrics, apparel, upholstery, transportation, composites and home furnishings, among others. OptiTex's products are designed to simplify processes, minimize production costs and, most importantly, shorten the garment production cycle. PAD System Offers CAD software and hardware for sample, pattern, grading and marking. An excellent designer's tool.

Pic Business Systems, Inc. Offers apparel manufacturers its PIC-MAXIM software management solutions for controlling inventories and working with multiple contractors. QUEST CAD/CAM Worlds finest computer assisted cutting technologies both fully automatic and manual that include Product Development Systems and CAD-CAM Software, Digitizers, Plotters, CNC-Cutter and Spreader Systems, Hand Cutting Machines, Servo Cutters, Cross Cutters, Band Knife Machines, Spreading Tables and also Slitting Machines. We are the exclusive distributor for KURIS Cutting and Spreading Technology in North America. Please visit our website for further information. Tukatech, Inc. A major supplier of CAD/CAM/CIM systems used in the apparel Industry. ApparelMagic Complete software solutions for sales, production, inventory, accounting and EDI. Easy to use, economical, excellent training and support, web-ready. Trial downloads and "starter package" available. Artlandia Info Artlandia Offers popular textile design plug-ins for Adobe Illustrator and Photoshop. The plug-ins turn the Adobe software into sophisticated pattern design CAD systems with unprecedented set of features, at a fraction of the cost. AS/AP Apparel Manufacturing and Accounting Software Offers an integrated modular production managment software. A guided tour is available on the site

Assyst Offers very advanced state-of-the-art high technology CAD/CAM applications to the apparel and textile industries. Based in Frankfurt, Germany ASSYST's U.S. offices are located in North Carolina. AutoMetrix Offers apparel design software in 2D, (not 3D yet) with grading, pleats,etc. That pattern can then be cut on their AutoCut series cutting tables.Specializes in serving the small to mid size apparel companies. CAD LEKO A Russian-based CAD software developer for the sewing industry. The featured product is fashion-designing program, CAD LEKO, which is convenient and useful to automate the apparel construction. It will enables the user to design patterns under individual measures as well as under custom ones, and print or plot them, at any scale. Covalent Works Provides EDI service to small and medium size companies. No software required to be EDI compliant for retailers. WinFashion Offers a state of the art program to fulfill all the needs of the garment industry, from order entries to finished goods. AccuMark new - design, grading, marker making software for apparel industry, by Gerber Technology

Apso develops CAD/CAM 3D visualization, archiving applications for textile, interior design industries Assyst develops various integrated CAD, PLM products for fashion, interiors industries Audaces CAD/CAM for apparel, footwear, caps, bags Autometrix precision cutting systems, sail design software, CAD software for sewn products industry (in Portuguese) Bluewater Software develops DeSL web-based software for apparel, footwear, accessories, PLM, more, with Microsoft .NET technology Centric Software PLM software for apparel, luxury goods, consumer goods makers FashionCAD pattern making software by CAD CAM Solutions

Gerber Technology patternmaking, footwear, plotting systems, includes AccuMark, Pattern Design, Made to Measure, APDS-3D, Optimizer, Silhouette Lectra Systmes CAD-CAM for apparel, upholstery, footwear, industrial textile applications Modaris flat patterns, fabric specification, grading, 3D virtual prototyping, by Lectra NedGraphics CAD, CAM provider dedicated to apparel, textile industry OptiTex CAD/CAM solutions for sewn goods industry Patternmaker Software CAD system for garment pattern design. Home, expert, professional versions available. Plus 2D nesting software for generating optimized layouts, reducing scrap, by Nirvanatech Quest CAD/CAM provides independent sales, services for CAD/CAM systems used in apparel, textile industries

TUKATECH, Inc. provides CAD/CAM/CIM services, products for sewn goods industry, including TUKAstudio for fabric, apparel design, TUKAcad for pattern design, grading, marker making Viable Systems, Inc. manufacturer of CAD/CAM systems for design of Jacquard woven fabrics WhichPLM news, information hub for apparel, retail companies looking for PLM solutions YuniquePLM new - product lifecycle management tool for apparel sector, by Gerber Technology Zweave provides design automation software for clothing, footwear, equipment design companies, tools like Fit Studio, Design Studio, Boston, MA

INDIAN GARMENT INDUSTRY USE CAD/CAM SYSTEM