SUBMITED BY Ankit Gupta

ASHUTOSH GTUPTA student of computer training program organized by institute of chartered accounting of India hear by declare that this report on library MANAGEMENT has been completed by me. This report is my own effort and first hand in nature . Any resemblance to earlier project by research is purely coincidence . PLACE -GWALIOR CRO-0318992

DECLARATION OF THE FACULTY

This is to certify that ASHUTOSH GUPTA has successfully completed his compuls ory IT training.He has prepared this report (LIBRARY MANAGEMENT) under my guidance. I wish him all the best for his future assignments.

ShailendraYagnik

Preface
This project of LIBRARY MANAGEMENT of gives us the complete information about the library. We can enter the record of new books and retrieve the details of books available in the library. We can issue the books to the students and maintain their records and can also check how many books are issued and stock available in the library. In this project we can maintain the late fine of students who returns the issued books after the due date. Throughout the project the focus has been on presenting information and comments in an easy and intelligible manner. The project is very useful for those who want to know about Library Management System. In the last, we gratefully acknowledge and express our gratitude to all staff members of PRS Computer and friends who supported us in preparing this project

Structure of the Library

The University Library consists of a Central Library and 24 branch libraries, which are parts of faculties and departments at the University.

In the library Management system, the following entities and attributes can be identified. Book -the set all the books in the library. Each book has a Book-id, Title, Author, Price, and Available (y or n) as its attributes. Member-the set all the library members. The member is described by the attributes Member_id,name, Street, City, Zipcode, Mem_type, Mem_date (date of membership), Expiry_date. Publisher-the set of all the publishers of the books. Attributes of this entity are Pub_id, Name, Street, City, and Zip_code. Supplier-the set of all the Suppliers of the books. Attributes of this entity are Sup_id, Name, Street, City, and Zip_code. Assumptions: a publisher publishes a book. Supplier supplies book to library. Members borrow the book (only issue).

Return of book is not taken into account

A library is a collection of sources, resources, and services, and the structure in which it is housed; it is organized for use and maintained by a public body, an institution, or a private individual. In the more traditional sense, a library is a collection of books. It can mean the collection, the building or room that houses such a collection, or both. The term "library" has itself acquired a secondary meaning: "a collection of useful material for common use," and in this sense is used in fields such as computer science, mathematics, statistics, electronics and biology.

INTRODUCTION

Public and institutional collections and services may be intended for use by people who choose not to or cannot afford to purchase an extensive collection themselves, who need material no individual can reasonably be expected to have, or who require professional assistance with their research. In addition to providing materials, libraries also provide the services of librarians who are experts at finding and organizing information and at interpreting information needs

However, with the sets and collection of media and of media other than books for storing information, many libraries are now also repositories and access points for maps, prints, or other documents and various storage media such as microform (microfilm/microfiche), audio tapes, CDs, cassettes, videotapes, DVDs, and video games. Libraries may also provide public facilities to access subscription databases and the Internet.

Thus, modern libraries are increasingly being redefined as places to get unrestricted access to information in many formats and from many sources. They are understood as extending beyond the physical walls of a building, by including material accessible by electronic means, and by providing the assistance of librarians in navigating and a nalyzing tremendous amounts of knowledge with a variety of digital tools.
There were days when libraries were considered as a storehouse of books. Today Libraries are much more than that. Libraries are now looked upon as information centers, where information is gathered, stored and disseminated to its members. With the ever-increasing sea of information, this modern function of the library is becoming very complex and tedious to handle manually.

The librarian has to devote most of his time to handing such functions of the library. He does not get time to guide the people to the right books for their information need s.

What is a library?
A library is a place to store items (images, sound files, and any other types of digital file). A personal library is created for you when your account is created. You can cr eate additional libraries any time you like. There is no limit to the number of libraries you can have. It is strongly recommended that libraries have no more than 500 items in them. (Those 500 items can be of any size.) Uploads can be no larger than 500MB each Each Thalia domain has one public library. Anyone can view and download the i.tems in the public library. Anyone with a Thalia account domain an add items to the public library When you create a library, you can upload items to it, view, edit, download those items. If you want other people to be able to see, download, or edit items in your library, you Can share it with them.

Management
Basic tasks in library management include the planning of acquisitions (which materials the library should acquire, by purchase or otherwise), library classification of acquired materials, preservation of materials (especially rare and fragile archival materials such as manuscripts), the deaccessioning of materials, patron borrowing of materials, and developing and administering library computer systems. More long-term issues include the planning of the construction of new libraries or extensions to existing ones, and the development and implementation of outreach services and reading-enhancement services (such as adult Literacy and children's programming).

Administration
In 1983, the Library was declared as an Institution of National Importance. The Government of Tamilnadu abolished the Five Member Committee of administration and made it as a Registered Society as per G.O. 209 (EST) dated 1-2-83. The Society was constituted and got registered on 9-7-1986 under the Tamilnadu Registered Societies Act of 1975. The Society consists of ex-officio members of both Central and State Governments, nominated Scholars, Member from the Royal family and the Director of the Library. The Hon'ble Education Minister of the Government of Tamilnadu is the Chairman and the Director is the Secretary of the Society. The Hon'able Minister for Education,Government of Tamilnadu,Fort St. George,Chennai - Chairman The Secretary,Department of Culture,Government of India,New Delhi - Vice Chairman The Secretary to Government, School Education Department,Government of Tamilnadu,Fort St. George, Chennai Member The Joint Secretary to Government, Finance Department (Dealing Education),Government of Tamilnadu,Fort St. George,Chennai - Member The Financial Adviser,Department of Culture,Government of India,New Delhi - Member The Deputy Educational Adviser,Department of Culture,Government of India,New Delhi - Member

This Library is divided into five sections viz., Manuscript section, Reference Book section, Conservation section, Reprography section and Publication section.

What is the Purpose of the Library?

The Library provides easy-to-access, clutter-free, comprehensive resources regarding the leadership and management of yourself, other individuals, groups and organizations. Content is relevant to the vast majority of people, whether they are in large or small for-profit or nonprofit organizations. Over the past 15 years, the Library has grown to be one of the world's largest well-organized collections of these types of resources.

Materials Not Included in Library

There are certain types of content that, while seemingly relevant to most people regarding general leadership and management, are not really relevant to the vast majority of people. Examples are listings of specific companies, industry information, maps, investment information and listings of schools. As much as possible, Library administrators attempt to focus content on easy-to-apply, general information that will be of use to anyone when managing themselves, other individuals, groups and organizations.

CLASSIFICATION OF LIBRARY
A library classification is a system of coding and organizing library materials (books, serials, audiovisual materials, computer files, maps, manuscripts, realia) according to their subject and allocating a call number to that information resource. Similar to classification systems used in biology, bibliographic classification systems group entities together that are similar, typically arranged in a hierarchical tree structure. A different kind of classification system, called a faceted classification system, is also widely used which allows the assignment of multiple classifications to an object, enabling the classifications to be ordered in multiple ways.

Functions
The main functions of this Library are publication, preservation, cataloguing, assistance to Research Scholars, etc., Along with the above functions the library conduct language classes to impart the ancient manuscriptology techniques to the teachers, post graduate students, historians and siddha doctors. It also conducts workshops on Conservation of books and manuscripts to impart the knowledge of conservation to the Librarians of various colleges, universities and special libraries in Tamilnadu. The Library also conducts seminars to exchange views of various experts. National Mission The Library is preparing list of Institutions, Mutts, Individuals having the manuscripts on Tamil languages in connection to the National Mission for preservation of manuscripts project of Government of India. Questionnaires were sent to 120 Libraries and replies received from 30 Institutions. Exhibition A special Exhibition of ancient writing materials and rare books and manuscripts available in this Library was arranged for the public from 25th September to 3rd October 2000. Digitalisation The Programme on Digitalisation is being implemented shortly.

Description
Library classification forms part of the field of library and information science. It is a form of bibliographic classification (library classifications are used in library catalogs, while "bibliographic classification" also covers classification used in other kinds of bibliographic databases). It goes hand in hand with library (descriptive) cataloging under the rubric of cataloging and classification, sometimes grouped together as technical services. The library professional who engages in the process of cataloging and classifying library materials is called a cataloguer or catalog librarian. Library classification systems are one of the two tools used to facilitate subject access. The other consists of alphabetical indexing languages such as Thesauri and Subject Headings systems. Library classification of a piece of work consists of two steps. Firstly the "aboutness" of the material is ascertained. Next, a call number (essentially a book's address), based on the classification system in use at the particular library will be assigned to the work using the notation of the system. It is important to note that unlike subject heading or thesauri where multiple terms can be assigned to the same work, in library classification systems, each work can only be placed in one class. This is due to shelving purposes: A book can have only one physical place. However in classified catalogs one may have main entries as well as added entries. Most classification systems like the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC

Classification systems in libraries generally play two roles. Firstly they facilitate subject access by allowing the user to find out what works or documents the library has on a certain subject. Secondly, they provide a known location for the information source to be located (e.g. where it is shelved). Until the 19th century, most libraries had closed stacks, so the library classification only served to organize the subject catalog. In the 20th century, libraries opened their stacks to the public and started to shelve the library material itself according to some library classification to simplify subject browsing. Some classification systems are more suitable for aiding subject access, rather than for shelf location. For example, UDC which uses a complicated notation including plus, colons are more difficult to use for the purpose of shelf arrangement but are more expressive compared to DDC in terms of showing relationships between subjects. Similarly faceted classification schemes are more difficult to use for shelf arrangement, unless the user has knowledge of the citation order. Depending on the size of the library collection, some libraries might use classification systems solely for one purpose or the other. In extreme cases a public library with a small collection might just use a classification system for location of resources but might not use a complicated subject classification system.

Basic tasks in library management include: planning the acquisition of materials classification of materials preservation of materials (especially rare and fragile materials such as manuscripts) borrowing materials developing and administering library computer systems book processing: selection ordering receiving Checking[Bill Wise & Order Wise] stamping classification and cataloguing labelling preparation for circulation jacketing final inspection stacks maintenance

Basic issues

Technology in Library
Barcode system would streamline the very function of circulation without actually effecting any changes in the existing system. The only objective would be to make the system more efficient and less time consuming. The user would surrender his/her card along with the book one wishes to borrow. The personnel at the circulation desk would, using the barcode reader, read the barcode of the book and then the unique number would get recorded. Identification number of the user, the system would record the transaction there by eliminating the possibility of manual entry. This could be interfaced to the printer which would generate a print out which could act as a gate pass. The details regarding the transaction i.e. date, time of issue etc. would be recorded by the system.

LIBRARY BINDING
Library binding is the term used to describe the method of binding serials, and re-binding paperback or hardcover books, for use within libraries. Library binding increases the durability of books, as well as making the materials easier to use. A lower cost and in-house alternative to library binding of paperbacks is the stiffening process.

Purpose
Library binding is a way to increase the life of books and periodicals used in libraries. This is done by sewing the pages in place and by reinforcing the spine for each volume. The goal of library binding is long-term preservation. However, library bound books also benefit library patrons because they ensure that the volume in hand is complete, as well as to make the volumes easier to open and photocopy. In addition, many libraries re-bind damaged books in library bindings regardless of whether they were originally paperback or hardcover.

Methods and materials

Most library binders use a method of bookbinding called oversewing to secure the volumes. Oversewing involves cutting or milling off the spines of the volumes, creating a block of loose pages. Then the loose sheets are combined into small units or signatures, which are secured with overlock stitching. The separate signatures then get sewn together, creating a single text block. Often a piece of linen is glued to the text block spine for further support. The spine of the volume sometimes is rounded and backed to keep the spine from caving in. But if the paper of the volume is too fragile, or the text block is too thick, the spine is left flat. The text block is placed in a sturdy cover or case, with special paper covering the inside covers (Boardway 1993). The most common cloth used by library binders to cover the boards of the book is buckram coated with acrylic. Acrylic coatings are generally resistant to water, mold, insects, and ultra-violet light. The buckram used is a 100% cotton, bulky fabric designed to withstand wear and tear (Jones 1993). Smaller books may be bound in c-cloth, a lighter weight cloth that may or may not have an acrylic coating. The information about the volume (such as title and call number) are hot-stamped onto the spine. Bound serials are typically all bound in the same color of buckram, in order to indicate the relationship of the volumes

Library binders
Library binding is done at a commercial library binding company. Sending books to the library binder is a mass production process. The library will gather and set aside their volumes which they want library bound, and then box and ship off these books to a library binding company. The binding company handles each volume one at a time, and then places all the items from the shipment back into boxes and sends them back to the library. Commercial library binding factories were first established in America and England in the early twentieth century. Since then, there have emerged several prominent library binding companies (including Dague Bookbindery, Ocker & Trapp, or Wert Bookbinders). Although they are commercial enterprises, library binders act as partners to the library world. The operations they perform on books and serials help extend the life of these materials, making them more accessible to library users. The goal should always be to do as little damage to the volume as possible. A volume should not be sent to a commercial library binder if the papers in the volume are brittle, if the volume appears to have value as an artifact, if the item can be repaired or treated in-house, or if the item needs preparatory conservation treatment.

Modern commercial binding

There are various commercial techniques in use today. Commercially-produced books today tend to be of one of four categories: Hardcover binding A hardcover, hardbound book has rigid covers and is stitched in the spine. Looking from the top of the spine, the book can be seen to consist of a number of signatures bound together. When the book is opened in the middle of a signature, the binding threads are visible. Signatures of hardcover books are typically octavo (a single sheet folded three times), though they may also be folio, quarto, or 16mo (see Book size). Unusually large and heavy books are sometimes bound with wire. Until the mid-20th century, covers of mass-produced books were laid with cloth, but from that period onwards, most publishers adopted clothette, a kind of textured paper which vaguely resembles cloth but is easily differentiated on close inspection. Most cloth-bound books are now half-and-half covers with cloth covering only the spine. In that case, the cover has a paper overlap. The covers of modern hardback books are made of thick cardboard. Some books that appeared in the mid-20th century signature-bound, appear in reprinted editions in glued-together editions. It is often difficult to find a copy of such books stitched together in their original format. They are sought for aesthetic and practical reasons.

Stitchin g with
:

dark sashes

Conservation and restoration Conservation and restoration are practices intended to repair damage to an existing book. While they share methods, their goals differ. The goal of conservation is to slow the book's decay and restore it to a usable state while altering its physical properties as little as possible; the goal of restoration, however, is to return the book to a previous state as envisioned by the restorer, often imagined as the original state of the book. In either case, the modern standard for conservation and restoration is "reversibility." That is, any repair should be done in such a way that it can be un-done if and when a better technique is developed in the future. Bookbinders echo the physicians' creed, "First, do no harm." Books requiring conservation treatment run the gamut from the very earliest of texts to books with modern bindings that have undergone heavy usage. For each book, the conservator must choose a course of treatment that takes into account the book's value, whether it comes from the binding, the text, the provenance, or some combination of the three. Many professional book and paper conservators in the United States are members of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC), whose guidelines, set forth in the AIC's Code of Ethics, are generally considered to outline an appropriate approach to the treatment of rare or valuable materials. In restoration hand binding, the pages and book covers are often hundreds of years old, and the handling of these pages has to be undertaken with great care and a delicate hand.

Restoration hand binding

Data Conversion, Migration, and Testing

Ex Libris data migration specialists will work with your team to design a conversion plan that will best fit your existing system, the new ILS, and library specific needs and configuration options. Extensive pre-production testing is performed to minimize service disruption and ensure error-free operation of your new system from day one. Ex Libris will help you construct the test plan and testing database that will be used in this process.

Training
Ensuring that library staff has mastered the system is key to the successful implementation of your new ILS. Ex Libris wide range of training options cover standard product functionality as well as advanced topics such as system administration, OPAC customization, reporting, and more. Training curricula comprise face-to-face classes and live and recorded online sessions. Extensive training materialin print and electronic formats--are provided by Ex Libris, including a detailed functional guide, training examples, and tip sheets.

Shift to digital libraries

In the past couple of years, more and more people are using the Internet to gather and retrieve data. The shift to digital libraries has greatly impacted the average person's use of physical libraries. Between 2002 and 2004, the average American academic library saw its overall number of transactions decline approximately 2.2%. Libraries are trying to keep up with the digital world and the new generation of students that are used to having information just one click away. For example, The University of California Library System saw a 54% decline in circulation between 1991 to 2001 of 8,377,000 books to 3,832,000.

These facts might be a consequence of the increased availability of e-resources. In 1999-2000, 105 ARL university libraries spent almost $100 million on electronic resources, which is an increase of nearly $23 million from the previous year. A 2003 report by the Open E-book Forum found that close to a million e-books had been sold in 2002, generating nearly $8 million in revenue. Another example of the shift to digital libraries can be seen in Cushing Academys decision to dispense with its library of printed books more than 20,000 volumes in all and switch over entirely to digital media resources.

One claim to why there is a decrease in the usage of libraries stems from the observation of the research habits of undergraduate students enrolled in colleges and universities. There have been claims that college undergraduates have become more used to retrieving information from the Internet than a traditional library. As each generation becomes more in tune with the Internet, their desire to retrieve information as quickly and easily as possible has increased. There is no doubt that finding information by simply searching the Internet is much easier and faster than reading an entire book. In a survey conducted by Net Library, 93% of undergraduate students claimed that finding information online makes more sense to them then going to the library. Also, 75% of students surveyed claimed that they did not have enough time to go to the library and that they liked the convenience of the Internet. While the retrieving information from the Internet may be efficient and time saving than visiting a traditional library, research has shown that undergraduates are most likely searching only .03% of the entire web. The information that they are finding might be easy to retrieve and more readily available, but may not be as in depth as information from other resources such as the books available at a physical library.

Early history
National Central Library of Florence in Italy. The first two libraries were composed for the most part, of published records, a particular type of library called archives. Archaeological findings from the ancient c ity-states of Sumer have revealed temple rooms full of clay tablets in cuneiform script. These archives were made up almost completely of the records of commercial transactions or inventories, with only a few documents touching theological matters, historical records or legends. Things were much the same in the government and temple records on papyrus of Ancient Egypt. The earliest discovered private archives were kept at Ugarit; besides correspondence and inventories, texts of myths may have been standardized practice-texts for teaching new scribes. There is also evidence of libraries at Nippur about 1900 B.C. and those at Nineveh about 700 B.C. showing a library classification system. Over 30,000 clay tablets from the Library of Ashurbanipal have been discovered at Nineveh [2], providing archaeologists with an amazing wealth of Mesopotamian literary , religious and administrative work. Among the findings were the Enuma Elish ,

also known as the Epic of Creation,[3] which depicts a traditional Babylonian view of creation, the Epic of Gilgamesh, a large selection of omen texts including Enuma

Anu Enlil which contained omens dealing with the moon, its visibility, eclipses, and
conjunction with planets and fixed stars, the sun, its corona, spots, and eclipses, the weather, namely lightning, thunder, and clouds, and the planets and their visibility, appearance, and stations., and astronomic/astrological texts, as well as standard lists used by scribes and scholars such as word lists, bilingual vocabularies, lists of signs and synonyms, and lists of medical diagnoses Responding to growing dependence on IT, the UK Government's Central Computer and Telecommunications Agency (CCTA) in the 1980s developed a set of recommendations. It recognized that without standard practices, government agencies and private sector contracts were independently creating their own IT management practices.

The IT Infrastructure Library originated as a collection of books, each covering a specific practice within IT Service Management. ITIL was built around a process-model based view of controlling and managing operations often credited to W. Edwards Deming and his plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle.[1] After the initial in 1989-1996, the number of books quickly grew within ITIL v1 to over 30 volumes. In 2000/2001, to make ITIL more accessible (and affordable), ITIL v2 consolidated the publications into 8 logical "sets" that grouped related process-guidelines to match different aspects of IT management, applications, and services. However, the main focus was known as the Service Management sets (Service Support and Service Delivery) which were by far the most widely used, circulated, and understood of ITIL v2 publications. In April 2001 the CCTA was merged into the Office of Government Commerce (OGC), an office of the UK Treasury.[2] In 2006, the ITIL v2 glossary was published.

publication

Libraries in Persian Empire

During the Achaemenid Persian Empire (558330 BC) the religious and scientific books of Persia since Zoroaster, were archived in the libraries of "Ganj-i-hapigan" In Takht-i-Suleiman and "Dez-i-Napesht" in Persepolis. These books were probably in the fields of philosophy, astronomy, alchemy and medical sciences, the fields in which Magus of Persia were master in. After the invasion of Persia by Alexander the Great all these books were burned. It has been mentioned in the book Arda Viraf that "He came to Persia with severe cruelty and war and devastation... and destroyed the metropolis and empire, and made them desolate... all the avesta and zand, written upon prepared cow-skins and with gold ink, was deposited in the archives... he burned them up." In Persia many libraries were established by the Zoroastrian elite and the Persian Kings. Among the first ones was a royal library in Isfahan. One of the most important public libraries established around 667 AD in southwestern Iran was the Library of Gundishapur. It was a part of a bigger scientific complex located at the Academy of Gundishapur..

Libraries in the Hellenic world and Rome

Private or personal libraries made up of non-fiction and fiction books (as opposed to the state or institutional records kept in archives) appeared in classical Greece in the 5th century BC. The celebrated book collectors of Hellenistic Antiquity were listed in the late second century in Deipnosophistae: Polycrates of Samos and Pisistratus who was tyrant of Athens, and Euclides who was himself also an Athenian[9] and Nicorrates of Samos and even the kings of Pergamos, and Euripides the poet and Aristotle the philosopher, and Nelius his librarian; from whom they say our countryman. Ptolemus, surnamed Philadelphus, bought them all, and transported them, with all those which he had collected at Athens and at Rhodes to his own beautiful Alexandria. All these libraries were Greek; the cultivated Hellenized diners in Deipnosophistae pass over the libraries of Rome in silence. By the time of Augustus there were public libraries near the forums of Rome: there were libraries in the Porticus Octaviae near the Theatre of Marcellus, in the temple of Apollo Palatinus, and in the Biblioteca Ulpiana in the Forum of Trajan. The state archives were kept in a structure on the slope between the Roman Forum and the Capitoline Hill.

Private libraries appeared during the late republic: Seneca inveighed against libraries fitted out for show by non-reading owners who scarcely read their titles in the course of a lifetime, but displayed the scrolls in bookcases (armaria) of citrus wood inlaid with ivory that ran right to the ceiling: "by now, like bathrooms and hot water, a library is got up as standard equipment for a fine house (domus).[12] Libraries were amenities suited to a villa, such as Cicero's at Tusculum, Maecenas's several villas, or Livy the Younger's, all described in surving letters. At the Villa of the Papyri at Herculaneum, apparently the villa of Caesar's father-in-law, the Greek library has been partly preserved in volcanic ash; archaeologists speculate that a Latin library, kept separate from the Greek one, may await discovery at the site. In the West, the first public libraries were established under the Roman Empire as each succeeding emperor strove to open one or many which outshone that of his predecessor. Unlike the Greek libraries, readers had direct access to the scrolls, which were kept on shelves built into the walls of a large room. Reading or copying was normally done in the room itself. The surviving records give only a few instances of lending features. As a rule Roman public libraries were bilingual: they had a Latin room and a Greek room. Most of the large Roman baths were also cultural centers, built however, the library at Vivarium was dispersed and lost within a century.

Through Origen and especially the scholarly presbyter Pamphilus of Caesarea, an avid collector of books of Scripture, the theological school of Caesarea won a reputation for having the most extensive ecclesiastical library of the time, containing more than 30,000 manuscripts: Gregory Nazianzus, Basil the Great, Jerome and others came to study there. With education firmly in Christian hands, however, many of the works of classical antiquity were no longer considered useful.[citation needed] Old texts were washed off the valuable parchment and papyrus, which were reused, forming palimpsests. As scrolls gave way to the new book-form, the codex, which was universally used for Christian literature, old manuscript scrolls were cut apart and used to stiffen leather bindings.

Islamic libraries
Upon the rise of Islam, libraries in newly Islamic lands knew a brief period of expansion in the Middle East, North Africa, Sicily and Spain. Like the Christian libraries , they mostly contained books which were made of paper, and took a codex or modern form instead of scrolls; they could be found in mosques, private homes, and universities. In Aleppo, for example, the largest and probably the oldest mosque library, the Sufiya, located at the city's Grand Umayyad Mosque, contained a large book collection of which 10,000 volumes were reportedly bequeathed by the city's most famous ruler, Prince Sayf al-Dawla. Some mosques sponsored public libraries. Ibn al-Nadim's bibliography Fihrist demonstrates the devotion of medieval Muslim scholars to books and reliable sources; it contains a description of thousands of books circulating in the Islamic world circa 1000, including an entire section for books about the doctrines of other religions. Unfortunately, modern Islamic libraries for the most part do not hold these antique books; many were lost, destroyed by Mongols, or removed to European libraries and museums during the colonial period. By the 8th century first Iranians and then Arabs had imported the craft of papermaking from China, with a paper mill already at work in Baghdad in 794. By the 9th

century completely public libraries started to appear in many Islamic cities. They were called "halls of Science" or dar al-'ilm. They were each endowed by Islamic sects with the purpose of representing their tenets as well as promoting the dissemination of secular knowledge. The 9th century Abbasid Caliph al-Mutawakkil of Iraq, even ordered the construction of a zawiyat qurra literally an enclosure for readers which was `lavishly furnished and equipped.' In Shiraz Adhud al-Daula (d. 983) set up a library, described by the medieval historian, al-Muqaddasi, as`a complex of

buildings surrounded by gardens with lakes and waterways. The buildings were topped with domes, and comprised an upper and a lower story with a total, according to the chief official, of 360 rooms.... In each department, catalogues were placed on a shelf... the rooms were furnished with carpets...'. The libraries often employed translators and copyists in large
numbers, in order to render into Arabic the bulk of the available Persian, Greek, Roman and Sanskrit non-fiction and the classics of literature. This flowering of Islamic learning ceased centuries later when learning began declining in the Islamic world, after many of these libraries were destroyed by Mongol invasions. Others were victim of wars and religious strife in the Islamic world. However, a few examples of these medieval libraries, such as the libraries of Chinguetti in West Africa, remain intact

and relatively unchanged even today. Another ancient library from this period which is still operational and expanding is the Central Library of Astan Quds Razavi in the Iranian city of Mashhad, which has been operating for more than six centuries. A number of distinct features of the modern library were introduced in the Islamic world, where libraries not only served as a collection of manuscripts as was the case in ancient libraries, but also as a public library and lending library, a centre for the instruction and spread of sciences and ideas, a place for meetings and discussions, and sometimes as a lodging for scholars or boarding school for pupils. The concept of the library catalogue was also introduced in medieval Islamic libraries, where books were organized into specific genres and categories. The contents of these Islamic libraries were copied by Christian monks in Muslim/ Christian border areas, particularly Spain and Sicily. From there they eventually made their way into other parts of Christian Europe. These copies joined works that had been preserved directly by Christian monks from Greek and Roman originals, as well as copies Western Christian monks made of Byzantine works. The resulting conglomerate libraries are the basis of every modern library today.

Medieval Christian libraries

The Malatestiana Library (Italian: Biblioteca Malatestiana), in Cesena, is the first European civic library[17]. With the retrenchment of literacy in the Roman west during the fourth and fifth centuries, fewer private libraries were maintained, and those in unfortified villas proved to be among their most combustible contents. In the Early Middle Ages, after the fall of the Western Roman Empire and before the rise of the large Western Christian monastery libraries beginning at Montecassino, libraries were found in scattered places in the Christian Middle East. Medieval library design reflected the fact that these manuscripts created via the labor-intensive process of hand copying were valuable possessions. Library architecture developed in response to the need for security. Librarians often chained books to lecterns, armaria (wooden chests), or shelves, in well-lit rooms. Despite this protectiveness, many libraries were willing to lend their books if provided with security deposits (usually money or a book of equal value). Monastic libraries lent and borrowed books from each other frequently and lending policy was often theologically grounded. For example, the Franciscan monasteries loaned books to each other without a security deposit since according to their vow of poverty only the entire order could own property. In 1212 the council of Paris condemned those monasteries that still forbade loaning books, reminding them that lending is "one of the chief works of mercy." Lending meant more than just having another work to read to librarians;

while the work was in their possession, it could be copied, thus enriching the library's own collection. The book lent as a counter effort was often copied in the same way, so both libraries ended up having an additional title. The early libraries located in monastic cloisters and associated with scriptoria were collections of lecterns with books chained to them. Shelves built above and between back-to-back lecterns were the beginning of bookpresses The chain was attached at the fore-edge of a book rather than to its spine. Book presses came to be arranged in carrels (perpendicular to the walls and therefore to the windows) in order to maximize lighting, with low bookcases in front of the windows. This stall system (fixed bookcases perpendicular to exterior walls pierced by closely spaced windows) was characteristic of English institutional libraries. In Continental libraries, bookcases were arranged parallel to and against the walls. This wall system was first introduced on a large scale in Spain's El Escorial.

Johannes Gutenberg's movable type innovation in the 1400s revolutionized bookmaking. From the 15th century in central and northern Italy, the assiduously assembled libraries of humanists and their enlightened patrons provided a nucleus around which an academy" of scholars congregated in each Italian city of consequence. Cosimo de Medici in Florence established his own collection, which formed the basis of the Laurentian Library. In Rome, the papal collections were brought together by Pope Nicholas V, in separate Greek and Latin libraries, and housed by Pope Sixtus IV, who consigned the Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana to the care of his librarian, the Humanist Bartolomeo Platina in February 1475. In the 16th century

Early modern libraries

actors combined to create a "golden age of libraries" between 1600 and 1700: The quantity of books had gone up, as the cost had gone down, there was a renewal in the interest of classical literature and culture, nationalism was encouraging nations to build great libraries, universities were playing a more prominent role in education, and renaissance thinkers and writers were producing great works. Some of the more important libraries include the Bodleian Library at Oxford, the Library of the British Museum, the Mazarine Library inParis, and the National Central Library in Italy, the Prussian State Library, the M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin State Public Library of St. Petersburg, and many more.

Public library

Librarians and patrons at a library in the Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County system, a large urban public library. Panoramic view of the research room at the New York Public Library

Biblioteca Municipal de Guayaquil

Reading area in a Singapore public library A public library (also called circulating library) is a library which is accessible by the public and is generally funded from public sources (such as tax money) and may be operated by civil servants. Taxing bodies for public libraries may be at any level from local to national central government level. Public libraries exist in most nations of the world and are often considered an essential part of having an educated and literate population. Public libraries are distinct from research libraries, school libraries, or other special libraries in that their mandate is to serve the public's information needs generally (rather than serve a particular school, institution, or research population), as well as offering materials for general entertainment and leisure purposes. Public libraries typically are lending libraries, allowing users to take books and other materials off the premises temporarily; they also have non-circulating reference collections. Public libraries typically focus on popular materials such as popular fiction and movies, as well as educational and nonfiction materials of interest to the general public; computer and internet access is also often offered.

Services offered
In addition to print books and periodicals, most public libraries today have a wide array of other media including audio tapes, CDs, cassettes, videotapes, DVDs, and video games, as well as facilities to access the Internet and inter-library loans (borrowing items from other libraries). Readers' advisory is a fundamental public library service that involves suggesting fiction and nonfiction titles (often called "readalikes"). Public libraries may also provide other services, such as community meeting rooms, storytelling for infants, toddlers, and children, or after-school programs. In person and on-line programs for reader development, language learning, homework help, free lectures and cultural performances, and other community service programs are common offerings. One of the most popular programs offered in public libraries are summer reading programs for children, families, and adults. In rural areas, the local public library may have, in addition to its main branch, a mobile library service, consisting of one or more buses furnished as a small public library, serving the countryside according to a regular schedule. Public libraries also provide materials for children that include books, periodicals, audio tapes, CDs, cassettes, videotapes, DVDs, video games and other materials (both

fiction and nonfiction), often housed in a special section. Child oriented websites with on-line educational games and programs specifically designed for younger library users are becoming increasingly common. Public libraries may also provide services for other particular groups, such as large print or Braille materials, Books on tape, young adult literature and other materials for teenagers, or materials in other than the national language (in foreign languages). Librarians at most public libraries provide reference and research help to the general public, usually at a reference desk but can often be done by telephone interview. As online discussion and social networking allow for remote access, reference is becoming available virtually through the use of the Internet and e-mail. Depending on the size of the library, there may be more than one desk; at some smaller libraries all transactions may occur at one desk, while large urban public libraries may employ subject-specialist librarians with the ability to staff multiple reference or information desks to answer queries about particular topics at any time during regular operating hours. Often the children's section in a public library has its own reference desk. Public libraries in some countries pay authors when their books are borrowed from libraries. These are known as Public Lending Right programs.

Origins as a social institution

The culmination of centuries of advances in the printing press, cast-iron type, paper, ink, publishing, and distribution, combined with an ever growing middle-class, increased commercial activity and consumption, new radical ideas, massive population growth and higher literacy rates forged the public library into the form that it is today. Public libraries are not a new idea; Romans made scrolls in dry rooms available to patrons of the baths, and tried with some success to establish libraries within the empire. Naturally only those few that could afford an education would be able to use the library, where those less than rich or without control of money, women, children and slaves of course could not. In the middle of the nineteenth century the push for truly public libraries, paid by taxes and run by the state gained force after numerous depressions, droughts, wars and revolutions in Europe, felt mostly by the working class. Matthew Battles states that: "It was in these years of class conflict and economic terror that the public library movement swept through Britain, as the nations progressive elite recognized that the light of cultural and intellectual energy was lacking in the lives of commoners". Libraries had often been started with a donation, an endowment or were bequeathed to various, parishes, churches, schools or towns, and these social and institutional libraries formed the base of many academic and public library collections of today. Andrew Carnegie had the biggest influence in financing libraries in the United States of America, from the east to west coast. From just 1900 to 1917, almost 1,700 libraries were constructed by

Carnegies foundation, insisting that local communities first guarantee tax support of each library built. Branch library with paperbacks and no pretensions at Bankfield Museum The establishment of circulating libraries by booksellers and publishers provided a means of gaining profit and creating social centers within the community. The circulating libraries not only provided a place to sell books, but also a place to lend books for a price. These circulating libraries provided a variety of materials including the increasingly popular novels. Although the circulating libraries filled an important role in society, members of the middle and upper classes often looked down upon these libraries that regularly sold material from their collections and provided materials that were less sophisticated. Circulating libraries also charged a subscription fee, however the fees were set to entice their patrons, providing subscriptions on a yearly, quarterly or monthly basis, without expecting the subscribers to purchase a share in the circulating library . Circulating libraries were not exclusively lending institutions and often provided a place for other forms of commercial activity, which may or may not be related to print. This was necessary because the circulating libraries did not generate enough funds through subscription fees collected from its borrowers. As a commerce venture, it was important to consider the contributing factors such as other goods or services available to the subscribers

Many claims have been made for the title of "first public library" for various libraries in various countries, with at least some of the confusion arising from differing interpretations of what should be considered a true "public library". Difficulties in establishing what policies were in effect at different times in the history of particular libraries also add to the confusion. The first libraries open to the public were the collections of Greek and Latin scrolls which were available in the dry sections of the many buildings that made up the huge Roman baths of the Roman empire. However, they were not lending libraries. The "halls of science" run by different Islamic sects in many cities of North Africa and the Middle East in the 9th century were open to the public. Some of them had written lending policies, but they were very restrictive. Most patrons were expected to consult the books on site. The later European university libraries were not open to the general public, but accessible by scholars.

Library science
Library science (or Library and Information science) is an interdisciplinary field that applies the practices, perspectives, and tools of management, information technology information technology, education, and other areas to libraries; the collection, organization, preservation, and dissemination of information resources; and the political economy of information. Historically, library science has also included archival science. This includes how information resources are organized to serve the needs of select user groups, how people interact with classification systems and technology, how information is acquired, evaluated and applied by people in and outside of libraries as well as cross-culturally, how people are trained and educated for careers in libraries, the ethics that guide library service and organization, the legal status of libraries and information resources, and the applied science of computer technology used in documentation and records management. Academic courses in library science typically include collection management, information systems and technology, research methods, cataloging and classification, preservation, reference, statistics and management. Library science is constantly evolving, incorporating new topics like database management, information architecture and Knowledge Management, among others. There is no generally agreed distinction between the terms library science, librarianship,

library and information

science and information science, and to a certain extent they are

interchangeable, perhaps differing most significantly in connotation. The term library and information science (LIS) is often used; most librarians consider it as only a terminological variation, intended to emphasize the scientific and technical foundations of the subject and its r elationship with information science. LIS should not be confused with information theory, the mathematical study of the concept of information. LIS can also be seen as an integration of the two fields library science and information science, which were separate at one point. A view implied by some textbooks is that librarianship refers to the professional aspects of work as a librarian, such as certification, in-service training, and issues of gender equality.

CONCLUSION
After we have completed the project we are sure the problems in the existing system would overcome. The LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM process made computerized to reduce human errors and to increase the e fficiency. The main focus of this project is to lessen human efforts. The maintenance of the records is made efficient, as all the records are stored in the ACCESS database, through which data can be retrieved easily. The navigation control is provided in all the forms to navigate through the large amount of records

. If the numbers of records are very large then user has to just type in the search string and user gets the results immediately. The editing is also made simpler. The user has to just type in the required field and press the update button to update the desired field. The Books and Students are given a particular unique id no. So that they can be accessed correctly and without errors. Our main aim of the project is to get the correct information about a particular student and books available in the library. The problems, which existed in the earlier system, have been removed to a large extent. And it is expected that this project will go a long way in satisfying users requirements. The computerization of the Library Management will not only improves the efficiency

Introduction
Visual Basic 6 (VB6) is a Microsoft product with a lineage since 1991. VB6 is an object-based programming environment. While it has a number of object oriented features, it is not a "complete" object oriented development environment. VB6 is one of the most popular Windows software development tools. VB6 is built around an integrated development environment (IDE) that allows rapid development of user interfaces and the supporting code. VB has spawned a number of variants including VBScript for web applications (browser and server). VB.Net has been released as a "replacement" for VB6 although Microsoft has promised VB6 product support until 2008.

lblX.Visible = True lblEqual.Visible = True cmdDone2.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub Check4_Click() cmdTable.Enabled = False cmdStart.Enabled = False Check1.Visible = False Check2.Visible = False Check3.Visible = False Check4.Visible = False Check5.Visible = False Check6.Visible = False Check7.Visible = False Check8.Visible = False Check9.Visible = False txtAnswer2.Visible = True txtAnswer2.SetFocus Shape1.Visible = True Shape2.Visible = True Shape3.Visible = True Shape4.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber.Caption = 4 lblMultiplyNumber2.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber2.Caption = 1 lblX.Visible = True lblEqual.Visible = True cmdDone2.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub Check5_Click() cmdTable.Enabled = False cmdStart.Enabled = False

Check1.Visible = False Check2.Visible = False Check3.Visible = False Check4.Visible = False Check5.Visible = False Check6.Visible = False Check7.Visible = False Check8.Visible = False Check9.Visible = False txtAnswer2.Visible = True txtAnswer2.SetFocus Shape1.Visible = True Shape2.Visible = True Shape3.Visible = True Shape4.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber.Caption = 5 lblMultiplyNumber2.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber2.Caption = 1 lblX.Visible = True lblEqual.Visible = True cmdDone2.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub Check6_Click() Cmd Table.Enabled = False Cmd Start.Enabled = False Check1.Visible = False Check2.Visible = False Check3.Visible = False Check4.Visible = False Check5.Visible = False Check6.Visible = False Check7.Visible = False Check8.Visible = False Check9.Visible = False txtAnswer2.Visible = True

lblMultiplyNumber2.Caption = 1

txtAnswer2.SetFocus Shape1.Visible = True Shape2.Visible = True Shape3.Visible = True Shape4.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber.Caption = 6 lblMultiplyNumber2.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber2.Caption = 1 lblX.Visible = True lblEqual.Visible = True cmdDone2.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub Check7_Click() cmdTable.Enabled = False cmdStart.Enabled = False Check1.Visible = False Check2.Visible = False Check3.Visible = False Check4.Visible = False Check5.Visible = False Check6.Visible = False Check7.Visible = False Check8.Visible = False Check9.Visible = False txtAnswer2.Visible = True txtAnswer2.SetFocus Shape1.Visible = True Shape2.Visible = True Shape3.Visible = True Shape4.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber.Caption = 7

lblX.Visible = True lblEqual.Visible = True

cmdDone2.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub Check8_Click() cmdTable.Enabled = False cmdStart.Enabled = False Check1.Visible = False Check2.Visible = False Check3.Visible = False Check4.Visible = False Check5.Visible = False Check6.Visible = False Check7.Visible = False Check8.Visible = False Check9.Visible = False txtAnswer2.Visible = True txtAnswer2.SetFocus Shape1.Visible = True Shape2.Visible = True Shape3.Visible = True Shape4.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber.Caption = 8 lblMultiplyNumber2.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber2.Caption = 1 lblX.Visible = True lblEqual.Visible = True cmdDone2.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub Check9_Click() cmdTable.Enabled = False cmdStart.Enabled = False Check1.Visible = False Check2.Visible = False Check3.Visible = False Check4.Visible = False Check5.Visible = False Check6.Visible = False Check7.Visible = False Check8.Visible = False

Check9.Visible = False txtAnswer2.Visible = True txtAnswer2.SetFocus Shape1.Visible = True Shape2.Visible = True Shape3.Visible = True Shape4.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber.Caption = 9 lblMultiplyNumber2.Visible = True lblMultiplyNumber2.Caption = 1 lblX.Visible = True lblEqual.Visible = True cmdDone2.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub checkAddition_Click() If checkAddition.Value = 1 Then checkAddition.Enabled = False checkSubtraction.Visible = False checkMultiplication.Visible = False ' Assigns Addition to strMath strMath = "Addition" lblSign.Caption = "+" ' Displays check boxes for difficulty settings checkLevel1.Visible = True checkLevel2.Visible = True checkLevel3.Visible = True checkLevel1.Enabled = True checkLevel2.Enabled = True checkLevel3.Enabled = True

checkLevel1.Value = 0 checkLevel2.Value = 0 checkLevel3.Value = 0 End If End Sub Private Sub check Division_Click() End Sub Private Sub checkLevel1_Click() Str Level = 1 checkLevel1.Enabled = False checkLevel2.Visible = False checkLevel3.Visible = False ' Displays check Question boxes to choose the number of questions per game checkQuestions1.Visible = True checkQuestions2.Visible = True checkQuestions3.Visible = True checkQuestions1.Value = 0 checkQuestions2.Value = 0 checkQuestions3.Value = 0 End Sub Private Sub checkLevel2_Click() Str Level = 2 checkLevel1.Visible = False checkLevel2.Enabled = False checkLevel3.Visible = False\ ' Displays check Question boxes to choose the number of questions per game checkQuestions1.Visible = True checkQuestions2.Visible = True checkQuestions3.Visible = True checkQuestions1.Value = 0 checkQuestions2.Value = 0 checkQuestions3.Value = 0 End Sub Private Sub checkLevel3_Click() Str Level = 3

checkLevel1.Visible = False checkLevel2.Visible = False checkLevel3.Enabled = False ' Displays checkQuestion boxes to choose the number of questions per game checkQuestions1.Visible = True checkQuestions2.Visible = True checkQuestions3.Visible = True checkQuestions1.Value = 0 checkQuestions2.Value = 0 checkQuestions3.Value = 0 End Sub Private Sub checkMultiplication_Click() If checkMultiplication.Value = 1 Then checkAddition.Visible = False checkSubtraction.Visible = False checkMultiplication.Enabled = False ' Assigns Addition to strMath strMath = "Multiplication" lblSign.Caption = "x" ' Displays check boxes for difficulty settings checkLevel1.Visible = True checkLevel2.Visible = True checkLevel3.Visible = True checkLevel1.Enabled = True checkLevel2.Enabled = True checkLevel3.Enabled = True checkLevel1.Value = 0 checkLevel2.Value = 0 checkLevel3.Value = 0 End If End Sub

Private Sub checkQuestions1_Click() strQuestions = 1 'Hide Check Boxes checkLevel1.Value = 0 checkLevel2.Value = 0 checkLevel3.Value = 0 checkAddition.Visible = False checkSubtraction.Visible = False checkMultiplication.Visible = False checkLevel1.Visible = False checkLevel2.Visible = False checkLevel3.Visible = False checkQuestions1.Visible = False checkQuestions2.Visible = False checkQuestions3.Visible = False Shape5.Visible = True Shape6.Visible = True Shape7.Visible = True Shape8.Visible = True lineTitle.Visible = False lblTitle.Visible = False lblEqualSign.Visible = True lblSign.Visible = True txtAnswer.Visible = True lblNumber1.Visible = True lblNumber1.Caption = 2 lblNumber2.Visible = True lblNumber2.Caption = 1 lblScoreCaption.Visible = True lineScore.Visible = True shapeScore.Visible = True lblScore.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub checkQuestions2_Click() strQuestions = 2

checkLevel1.Value = 0 checkLevel2.Value = 0 checkLevel3.Value = 0 checkAddition.Visible = False checkSubtraction.Visible = False checkMultiplication.Visible = False checkLevel1.Visible = False checkLevel2.Visible = False checkLevel3.Visible = False checkQuestions1.Visible = False checkQuestions2.Visible = False checkQuestions3.Visible = False Shape5.Visible = True Shape6.Visible = True Shape7.Visible = True Shape8.Visible = True lineTitle.Visible = False lblTitle.Visible = False lblEqualSign.Visible = True lblSign.Visible = True txtAnswer.Visible = True lblNumber1.Visible = True lblNumber1.Caption = 2 lblNumber2.Visible = True lblNumber2.Caption = 1 lblNumber1.FontSize = 72 lblNumber1.Left = 840 lblNumber1.Top = 1920 lblNumber2.FontSize = 72 lblNumber2.Left = 3720 lblNumber2.Top = 1920 lblScoreCaption.Visible = True lineScore.Visible = True shapeScore.Visible = True lblScore.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub checkQuestions3_Click() strQuestions = 10000 'Hide Check Boxes checkLevel1.Value = 0 checkLevel2.Value = 0 checkLevel3.Value = 0 checkAddition.Visible = False checkSubtraction.Visible = False checkMultiplication.Visible = False checkLevel1.Visible = False

checkLevel2.Visible = False checkLevel3.Visible = False checkQuestions1.Visible = False checkQuestions2.Visible = False checkQuestions3.Visible = False Shape5.Visible = True Shape6.Visible = True Shape7.Visible = True Shape8.Visible = True lineTitle.Visible = False lblTitle.Visible = False lblEqualSign.Visible = True lblSign.Visible = True txtAnswer.Visible = True lblNumber1.Visible = True lblNumber1.Caption = 2 lblNumber2.Visible = True lblNumber2.Caption = 1 lblScoreCaption.Visible = True lineScore.Visible = True shapeScore.Visible = True lblScore.Visible = True cmdEnd.Visible = True End Sub Private Sub checkSubtraction_Click() If checkSubtraction.Value = 1 Then checkAddition.Visible = False checkSubtraction.Enabled = False checkMultiplication.Visible = False ' Assigns Addition to strMath strMath = "Subtraction" lblSign.Caption = "-" ' Displays check boxes for difficulty settings checkLevel1.Visible = True checkLevel2.Visible = True checkLevel3.Visible = True checkLevel1.Enabled = True

checkLevel2.Enabled = True checkLevel3.Enabled = True checkLevel1.Value = 0 checkLevel2.Value = 0 checkLevel3.Value = 0 End If End Sub Private Sub cmdDone_Click() If txtAnswer.Text = "" Then txtAnswer.Text = 0 End If 'Multiplication If strMath = "Multiplication" And strLevel = 1 Then If txtAnswer.Text = Val(lblNumber1.Caption) * Val(lblNumber2.Caption) Then lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) + 10 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's correct, " + strName + "!" cmdDone.Visible = False TimerCorrect.Enabled = True txtAnswer.Enabled = False cmdEnd.Enabled = False 'disable cmdEnd lblQuestions.Caption = Val(lblQuestions.Caption) + 1 ' Add 1 to total questions asked Shape10.Visible = True Else lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) - 5 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's incorrect. Try Again." cmdDone.Visible = False txtAnswer.SetFocus End If End If If strMath = "Multiplication" And strLevel = 2 Then If txtAnswer.Text = Val(lblNumber1.Caption) * Val(lblNumber2.Caption) Then lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) + 15

txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's correct, " + strName + "!" cmdDone.Visible = False TimerCorrect.Enabled = True txtAnswer.Enabled = False cmdEnd.Enabled = False 'disable cmdEnd lblQuestions.Caption = Val(lblQuestions.Caption) + 1 ' Add 1 to total questions asked Shape10.Visible = True Else lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) - 10 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's incorrect. Try Again." cmdDone.Visible = False txtAnswer.SetFocus End If End If If strMath = "Multiplication" And strLevel = 3 Then If txtAnswer.Text = Val(lblNumber1.Caption) * Val(lblNumber2.Caption) Then lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) + 20 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's correct, " + strName + "!" cmdDone.Visible = False TimerCorrect.Enabled = True txtAnswer.Enabled = False cmdEnd.Enabled = False 'disable cmdEnd lblQuestions.Caption = Val(lblQuestions.Caption) + 1 ' Add 1 to total questions asked Shape10.Visible = True Else lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) - 15 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's incorrect. Try Again." cmdDone.Visible = False txtAnswer.SetFocus End If End If 'Subtraction If strMath = "Subtraction" And strLevel = 1 Then

If txtAnswer.Text = Val(lblNumber1.Caption) - Val(lblNumber2.Caption) Then lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) + 10 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's correct, " + strName + "!" cmdDone.Visible = False TimerCorrect.Enabled = True txtAnswer.Enabled = False cmdEnd.Enabled = False 'disable cmdEnd lblQuestions.Caption = Val(lblQuestions.Caption) + 1 ' Add 1 to total questions asked Shape10.Visible = True Else lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) - 5 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's incorrect. Try Again." cmdDone.Visible = False txtAnswer.SetFocus End If End If If strMath = "Subtraction" And strLevel = 2 Then If txtAnswer.Text = Val(lblNumber1.Caption) - Val(lblNumber2.Caption) Then lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) + 15 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's correct, " + strName + "!" cmdDone.Visible = False TimerCorrect.Enabled = True txtAnswer.Enabled = False cmdEnd.Enabled = False 'disable cmdEnd lblQuestions.Caption = Val(lblQuestions.Caption) + 1 ' Add 1 to total questions asked Shape10.Visible = True Else lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) - 10 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's incorrect. Try Again." cmdDone.Visible = False txtAnswer.SetFocus End If End If

If strMath = "Subtraction" And strLevel = 3 Then If txtAnswer.Text = Val(lblNumber1.Caption) Val(lblNumber2.Caption) Then lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) + 20 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's correct, " + strName + "!" cmdDone.Visible = False TimerCorrect.Enabled = True txtAnswer.Enabled = False cmdEnd.Enabled = False 'disable cmdEnd lblQuestions.Caption = Val(lblQuestions.Caption) + 1 ' Add 1 to total questions asked Shape10.Visible = True Else lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) - 15 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's incorrect. Try Again." cmdDone.Visible = False txtAnswer.SetFocus End If End If 'Addition If strMath = "Addition" And strLevel = 1 Then If txtAnswer.Text = Val(lblNumber1.Caption) + Val(lblNumber2.Caption) Then lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) + 10 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's correct, " + strName + "!" cmdDone.Visible = False TimerCorrect.Enabled = True txtAnswer.Enabled = False cmdEnd.Enabled = False 'disable cmdEnd lblQuestions.Caption = Val(lblQuestions.Caption) + 1 ' Add 1 to total questions asked Shape10.Visible = True Else lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) - 5 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's incorrect. Try Again." cmdDone.Visible = False

txtAnswer.SetFocus End If End If If strMath = "Addition" And strLevel = 2 Then If txtAnswer.Text = Val(lblNumber1.Caption) + Val(lblNumber2.Caption) Then lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) + 15 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's correct, " + strName + "!" cmdDone.Visible = False TimerCorrect.Enabled = True txtAnswer.Enabled = False cmdEnd.Enabled = False 'disable cmdEnd lblQuestions.Caption = Val(lblQuestions.Caption) + 1 ' Add 1 to total questions asked Shape10.Visible = True Else lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) - 10 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's incorrect. Try Again." cmdDone.Visible = False txtAnswer.SetFocus End If End If If strMath = "Addition" And strLevel = 3 Then If txtAnswer.Text = Val(lblNumber1.Caption) + Val(lblNumber2.Caption) Then lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) + 20 txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's correct, " + strName + "!" cmdDone.Visible = False TimerCorrect.Enabled = True txtAnswer.Enabled = False cmdEnd.Enabled = False 'disable cmdEnd lblQuestions.Caption = Val(lblQuestions.Caption) + 1 ' Add 1 to total questions asked Shape10.Visible = True Else lblScore.Caption = Val(lblScore.Caption) - 15

txtAnswer.Text = "" lblTitle.Visible = True lblTitle.Caption = "That's incorrect. Try Again." cmdDone.Visible = False txtAnswer.SetFocus End If End If End Sub Private Sub cmdDone2_Click()

If txtAnswer2.Text = "" Then txtAnswer2.Text = 0 End If

If Val(lblMultiplyNumber.Caption) * Val(lblMultiplyNumber2.Caption) = txtAnswer2.Text Then lblTable.Visible = True lblTable.Caption = "That's correct!" Timer1.Enabled = True cmdDone2.Enabled = False Shape9.Visible = True Else lblTable.Visible = True lblTable.Caption = "Try Again." txtAnswer2.Text = "" cmdDone2.Enabled = False End If txtAnswer2.Text = "" txtAnswer2.SetFocus End Sub Private Sub cmdDone3_Click()

cmdTable.Enabled = True cmdStart.Enabled = True

Frame1.Visible = False End Sub Private Sub cmdEnd_Click() Load frmTopScores frmTopScores.Show