ALTERNATE TO GHAT-KI-GUNI BY CONSTRUCTION OF TUNNEL IN JHALANA HILLS

GHAT KI GUNI TUNNEL PROJECT (DBFOT PROJECT)

Total length :- 2800 M including 858 M Twin Tube Tunnel interconnected at two locations. Project Cost :- 150.00 Crores. Agency :- Rohan Rajdeep Rajasthan Infra Projects Pvt. Ltd., Pune. Concession Period :- 13 Years 05 Months & 20 Days (Construction + Operation Period)

CONT
Expected Date of Completion of Construction :- 31st June 2012 Salient Features Cement Concrete Rigid Pavement 2 lane dual carriageway, median, hard shoulders & Footpath Drainage & CD Works Tunnel and Flyover work Horticulture Work Electrification & Ventilation works Toll Plaza

WHAT THEY HAD DONE WHEN WE JOIN

Geotechnical Investigations 680m of tunnel boring Rock stabilization by Steel Mess and Rock Bolts Water drainage tunnel construction

ACTIVITIES CARRY OVER..

1. Leveling and marking of drilling spots 2. Blasting and drilling of tunnel 3. Retaining wall construction 4. Test on cement and soil

MARKING OF TUNNEL FACE

Dots marked at various distances with the help of red color spray Distance between dots at end arch : lesser or equal to 0.3m and 0.6m in between other spots Bore hole :45mm in diameter Drilling depth : 3m at ends of tunnel : 8m at other places

LEICA

Measures distances over 1000 meters. New telescope fitted to all Leica. the smallest laser dot. Keyboard. touchscreen

LEICA APPARATUS
Highly accurate and productive surveying total stations. many sensor and accuracy options. Superb angle & distance technology. powerful suite of on-board programs. highest reliability. Perfect for all land surveying and engineering work.

MARKING

AFTER MARKING

DRILLING AND BLASTING

the only economical way of excavating long tunnels through hard rock, where digging is not possible.

ARCHES USED AT SITE

Steel girder type arch used(23m) Diameter : 11.5m Load carrying capacity : 18KN Spacing : 0.7m, 0.8m & 1m Width : 15cm flange

PRECAST PANELS USED WITH

Square and T shape T-shape 2m wide at top and 1.4m at bottom and 1.5m deep; square panels of 2m1.5m 300mm support at both side Wooden gauge with tie rod(bar) Foundation of retaining bar : providing PCC for leveling purpose 150mm wide and 200 to 250 mm deep Bearing paddles Geotextile Filter paper

BEARING PADDLES
For providing inside slope Depth 5mm outer side And 3mm inside

FILTER PAPER

COMPACTION OF SOIL BEDS AND ANCHORING

Bed depth 800mm Anchors: steel bars (dia-8to10mm) Load carrying capacity:18 ton Rubber strip fibers: 1. load carrying capacity 2. Length:100m 3. sheath Polyolefin fiber-Polyester

CLIPING UP RUBBER STRIPS(FIBRE)

ANCHORS (300MM DEPTH) DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO ANCHOR BEDS 600MM

ANCHORING OF PRECAST SEGMENTS

ROCK BOLTS

Rock bolts are an essential component of the New

A rock bolt is a long anchor bolt, for stabilizing rock excavations, which may be tunnels or rock cuts. It transfers load from the unstable exterior, to the confined (and much stronger) interior of the rock mass.
Austrian Tunneling method.

ROCK BOLT USED AT SITE

SN-Bolts
SN-Bolts are made of deformed reinforcing steel bars with a corrugated surface and fully bonded with the surrounding rock by cement mortar. One end shall be fitted with a suitable thread which is to receive an anchor plate and fixing nut. The borehole is filled with grout before insertion of the bolt. SN-Bolts shall have a minimum yield load of 250 KN.

ROCK BOLTS USED AT SITE

SN-Bolts are used 3m long 25mm diameter 100mm100mm square steel plates Thickness of plate 10mm 250 KN load carrying capacity

OTHER TYPE OF ROCK BOLTS

Selfdrilling bolts:230 KN load carrying capacity Swellex-type rockbolts (friction anchored rock bolts): a minimum yield load of 150 KN.

FOR SUPPORTING THE ROCK STRATA FROM SLIDING

ALSO TO PROVIDE SMOOTHNESS TO THE ENTRY AND EXIT OF TUNNEL

STEEL WIRE MESS

CONTENTS

STEEL FIBERS AND STANDARD MICRO SILICA

Cement: in 1 m3 volume 472kg of cement Steel fibers: in 1m3 volume 2.300Kg 10mm sand

REBOUNDING MATERIAL CEMENT, SILICA AND STEEL FIBERS

CONCRETE

CONCRETE: An artificially made material obtained by mixing aggregates, cement and water in some specific proportion. Two types of concrete were used : Nominal concrete mix (in the PCC only) and it was of grade M15. Design concrete mix :-I(S 10262-2009)

At site prepared (in columns and footings only) and it was of grade M30. At plant prepared(in slabs and beams only) and it was of grade M25

TESTS ON CEMENT AND CONCRETE

Fineness of cement Consistency of cement Initial and final settling time Compressive strength of cement mortar (Vibration machine) Compression test of concrete cube

FINENESS OF CEMENT
Sample no. 1 2 3

Sample weight taken in gm Retained on 90 IS sieve Passed by 90 IS sieve

100

100

100

2.16 97.84

2.78 97.22

1.96 98.04

2.30 Fineness % Grade of cement: 43 Type of cement: OPC Brand of cement: Vikram Premium

VICATE APPARATUS USED FOR

1.Initial and final settling time:
300gms cement, 85% water added initially and added till Initial: loosing plasticity Final : lost plasticity 2. Consistency of cement:The standard consistency of a cement paste is defined as that consistency which will permit a Vicat plunger having 10 mm diameter and 50 mm length to penetrate to a depth of 33-35 mm from the top of the mould 100 gms of cement & 24% water, placed in mould in 3-5min

INITIAL AND FINAL SETTLING TIME

Sample no. Wt. of sample (gm) 1( Initial ) 1(Final) 300 300 Volume added 93 93 Corrected volume 79.05 79.05 Vicate reading 7 __ Time (min)

93 260

CONSISTENCY OF CEMENT
Sl no. Weight of % of cement water taken added (gm) Volume of water added(cc ) Time taken from adding of water to cement (min) 22 18 11 Vicate Temperat apparatu u-re (c) s reading (mm)

1 2 3

100 100 100

28 29 30

84 87 90

100

31

93

27c

COMPRESSION STRENGTH OF CEMENT MORTAR: VIBRATION MACHINE(70.6 MM SIDE CUBE)

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CEMENT MORTAR

Sl Wt of no. cube (gm)
7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F 850 864 856 872 862 868

Densit y (gm/cc ) 2.415 2.455 2.432 2.477 2.449 2.466

Load (KN)

Strengt Average h Remark N/mm2 s

40.00 48.00 46.00 42.00 40.00 44.00

200 240 230 210 200 220

47.00

42.00

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TEST

Apparatus :- 150 mm cube moulds,ramming rod ,mixer, weighing machine,universial testing machine,buckets,Base plate. Style of putting cube was perpendicular to the filling style. Test was done after 7 days and 28 days.

APPARATUS LOAD READING

COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TEST

PROCEDURE:(1) Pour concrete in the moulds oiled with a medium

viscosity oil. (2)We are using motor vehicle oil for this purpose (3) Fill concrete in the moulds in two layers each of 75 mm. (4) With 35 blows evenly distributed over the surface of layer (5) Struck off concrete flush with the top of the moulds. (6) Curing:-Specimen are removed from the moulds after 24 hours and cured in water for 28 days.

COMPRESSION TEST OF CONCRETE CUBE

Cube no. Wt of cube (gm) Density (gm/cc) Load (kn) Strength (N/mm2) Average (N/mm2)

7A 7B
7C 28A 28B 28C 28D 28E 28F

7902 7880
7934 7856 7911 7874 7930 8010 7846

2.341 2.335
2.351 2.328 2.344 2.333 2.350 2.372 2.325

480 500
520 700 740 680 720 690 710

21.33 22.22
23.11 31.11 32.89 30.22 32.00 30.67 31.55 31.41 31.41

22.22

TESTS ON SOIL
Grain size analysis (IS:2720 Part4,1985) Moisture-dry density relationship(IS:2720 Part-8,1983) In-situ Dry density by soil replacement method (IS:2720, Part-28,1974)

Test results of grain size analysis

Sieve size(mm) Weight Weight retained(gm retained( ) %) Nil Nil Nil Nil Cum. Weight Passing( retained(%) %)

75 10 4.75 2

100 100 100 100

.425 .75
Total Observation sheet Description practical Gravel Sand Silt & clay

320 610

320 610

320 930

68.0 7.0

Sieve size 75mm-4.75mm 4.75mm-0.75mm 0.075mm passing

Percentage( nil %) 93.0 7

DRY DENSITY OF SOIL BY SAND REPLACEMENT METHOD

Sand-pouring cylinder conforming to IS: 2720 (Part XXVIII) -1974 Cylindrical calibrating container conforming to IS: 2720 (Part XXVIII) 1974

Soil cutting and excavating tools such as a scraper tool, bent spoon

CONTINUE.
Glass plate 450mm square and 9mm thick or larger. Metal containers to collect excavated soil. Metal tray 300mm square and 40mm deep with a 100mm hole in the centre. Balance, with an accuracy of 1g

MOISTURE- DRY DENSITY RELATION Determination no. Water %used Mould no

Volume of mould(v) Mass of mould(m1) Mass of mould +compacted soil(m2) Mass of compacted soil(m3=m2m1) cc gm gm gm

1 3% 1
2250 2977 7271 4294

2 5% 1
2250 2977 7585 4608

3 7% 1
2250 2977 7881 4904

4 9% 1
2250 2977 7814 4837

5 11% 1
2250 2977 7728 4751

6 13% 1
1250 2977 7680 4703

Wet density of soil(Dw)=m3/v Container no

Mass of container Mass of wet soil+container Mass of container+oven dry soil Mass of water Mass of oven dry soil Moisture% of soil Dry density

gm/cc

1.908 14

2.048 8
67.72 219.43 211.13 8.30 143.41 5.79 1.936

2.179 12
64.03 250.67 215.73 14.94 171.70 8.70 2.005

2.150 9
61.10 238.06 220.22 17.84 169.12 11.21 1.933

2.112 10
51.32 255.93 233.96 21.97 182.64 12.03 1.885

2.090 3
64.64 241.59 220.41 21.18 155.77 13.60 1.840

gm gm gm gm gm % gm/c c

64.34 242.07 236.18 5.89 171.84 3.43 1.84

MOISTURE DRY DENSITY RELATION

Maximum dry Density: 2.005gm/cc Optimum moisture content: 8.70%

SOIL REPLACEMENT METHOD

Bulk density of standard sand Max dry density Mass of sand in cylinder 1.393 gm/cc
2.063 gm/cc 2825 gm

TEST RESULTS
Cylinder no. Hole Chainage Mass of Wet Soil from hole (m1);(gm) Mass of cylinder + Sand before pouring (m2);(gm ) 01 27016 9987 26000 01 27028 9857 26000

Mass of cylinder + remaining Sand after pouring (m3) ;(gm)

Mass of sand in hole (Ms)= m2-m3;(gm) Volume of sand in the Hole (V);(cc)

16650
6525 4684

16795
6380 4580

Wet density of Material =m1/V;(gm/cc)

Mass of Oven Dry Soil (b): (gm) Moisture Content of Soil (w)=a/b100; (%) Dry Density of soil Gd=Gb 100/(100+w); (gm/cc) Relative Compaction achieved (%)

2.132
8 7.87 1.977 95.81

2.152
8.5 8.3 1.986 96.27

THANK YOU.