Modul 5 AI MELANI UT KOREA

UNIT 1

INFINITE: kata kerja bentuk pertama yang menggunakan to atau tanpa to. Contoh:

Without to Work Type Cry Help

With to To work To type To cry To Help

From Table 5.1

Without to Walk Run Read Write Bring Jump Jog Teach Discuss speak

With to To Walk To Run To Read To Write To Bring To Jump To Jog To Teach To Discuss To speak

From table 5.2

Predicate Walk Want to sleep Began to study Asked him to read complement To the caffetaria In my room In the class The book

Subject We I The student The teacher

We see. 1st senteces Walk (without to) and 2nd sentences There are two Infinite want and to sleep .

Gerund adalah bentuk kata kerja pertama yang ditambah dengan ing, sama dengan present participle (verb+ing). Tidak semua bentuk ing disebut gerund.

Subject They I He

Predicate (To be+Verb ing) Are studying Am reading

Complement In the library The book

Is listening to the musics

Di sini, bentuk ing sebagai kata kerja dan berfungsi sebagai predikat

Subject Modifier The falling The singing The crying Noun Snow Birds Boy Is Are

Predicate

Complement Beautiful Beautiful His parents

Looked for

Bentuk ing: menjelaskan kata benda (noun modifier).

Gerund bisa digunakan sebagai subjek, objek kata kerja, objek preposisi dan komplemen (pelengkap).

Gerund sebagai subjek

No 1 2 3 4 Subjek Fishing Riding a horse Eating Fixing a radio Predikat Is exciting Is not easy Is my hobby Is my hobby

Contoh 2 dan ke 4 di sebut gerund phrase

Gerund sebagai objek kata kerja

Subjek My father I My sons Verb Avoid Would not mind Enjoys Objek Eating to much fat Helping you fishing

Gerund terletak setelah kata kerja

Gerund sebagai objek preposisi

Subjek They We He Verb Went home Are excited Was tired Preposisi Without About After By Objek Telling me Going to the concert Practicing for five hours Practicing everyday

Good musicians Improve

Gerund phrase terletak setelah preposisi : without,about,after, by

Gerund sebagai pelengkap

Subjek Verb Her hobby My favorite sport Is Was Predikat Complement Cooking Playing tennis

Gerund berfungsi sebagai pelengkap predikat, melengkapi predikat berbentuk to be.

Infinitive: bentuk kata kerja pertama, with to or without to. Gerund adalah kata kerja bentuk ing yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda. Kata want selalu diikuti infinite to. Kata finish selalu diikuti gerund ing.

UNIT 2

Bentuk kata kerja yang mengikuti preposisi, termasuk fixed prepositions, selalu bentuk ing (gerund). Demikian juga jika diikuti kata kerja to. Apabila to out berfungsi sebagai preposisi. Fixed prepositions:

Be good at Be famous for Rely on Be proud of Object to Be used to Be interested in Speak about Succeed in/at Think of/about Be sorry about Instead of

Be succesful at Be accustumed to In spite of Be apposed to

Be given to I am given to having this property. Be used to I am not used to driving in a big city. Be opposed to He is opposed to having a meeting without her. Be accustomed to we are accustomed to getting up so early.

UNIT 3

Contoh:
Subjek I I I I Verb/Verb phrase Objek Like Dislike Cant stand Support Knitting and sewing Jogging Eating cream cakes Making women completely equal to man Swimming and cooking

Cant resist

Apabila kata kerja diikuti kata kerja lain, kata kerja kedua bisa dalam bentuk infinitives dan bisa dalam bentuk gerund. Kata kerja want dan hope selalu diikuti infinitives. Kata kerja enjoy dan admit selalu diikuti oleh gerund

Kata kata kerja tertentu hanya bisa diikuti oleh gerunds:

Enjoy Risk Recent Quit Worth Avoid Prefer

Appreciat Admit e Escape Finish Forgive Practice Prevent Complete

Kata kata kerja tertentu hanya bisa diikuti oleh gerunds dan infinitives
Continue Forget Advise Start Hate Dislike

Stop Begin Intend

Remember Regret

Dalam kalimat aktif advise tidak diikuti objek (noun/pronoun) maka akan diikuti gerund. Advise bisa diikuti infinitive apabila diikuti oleh objek. Advise+gerundhe advised going to the dentist Advise+objekhe advised me to go to the dentist. Advise+infinitiveI was advised to go to the dentist

Ungkapan seperti would you mind? do you mind? Diikuti oleh gerund. Kata go juga diikuti oleh gerund dalam ungkapan tertentu dan biasanya mengungkapkan kegiatan atau aktifitas. Go fishing, go jogging, go camping, go hiking, go dancing, go singing, etc.

UNIT 4

Gerund and infinitives bisa digunakan sebagai subjek dalam kalimat. Penggunaan to infinitive sebagai subjekt tidak lazim digunakan. Yang sering digunakan adalah pola kalimat yang didahului dengan it dan menempatkan infinitive dibelakang kalimat.

No 1 2 3.

Subjek Climbing a mountain Waiting Baking a cake

Predikat Is usually a lot of fun Is boring Is not hard

No 1. 2. 3. NO 1 2 3

Subjek To wait for a ten bus To climb mount gede To bake a cake It It is boring It is not hard

Predikat Is boring Is usually a lot of fun Is not hard infinitive To wait for a ten bus To bake a cake

It is usually a lot of fun To climb mount gede

Its nice its nice to meeting you Its worth. its worth repairing the car Its no use Its no use trying to explain to her. Its not much good .. its not much good expecting a little child to carry this heavy bag. But its nice+gerund and its not much good+gerund is informal expression! It is better use its nice+inifinitive and its not much good+infinitives. For formal expression

Phrase for+object (someone/something) +infinitive are often being used! Its essensial for the classroom to have plenty of light. Its important for the teacher to learn english. Do you think its normal for a child to get so tired?